共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 140 毫秒
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萤火一号火星轨道器开环追踪技术 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
平劲松 尚堃 钱志瀚 叶叔华 洪晓瑜 张素君 简念川 王明远 鄢建国 孙靖 史弦 黄倩 戴春丽 冯礼和 严豪健 王广利 刘庆会 李金岭 李惠华 郑卫民 胡小工 王伟华 黄勇 王文彬 蒋栋荣 范庆元 苟伟 韩婷婷 《航天器工程》2009,18(5):6-11
中国首个火星探测器萤火一号计划于2009年10月和俄罗斯的火卫一采样探测器一道发射升空。萤火一号将探测火星的空间环境,并验证深空导航测控与通信技术。与常规的火星探测任务不同,该探测器的轨道与位置测量主要利用天文甚长基线干涉测量技术、开环跟踪测量技术、差分单程测距测速技术、同波束干涉测量技术以及单程Doppler测速技术承担。 相似文献
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针对我国新一代静止轨道卫星风云四号高精度轨道计算需求,地面跟踪系统设计了多台站双频双程测距模式。详细给出了信号传播介质改正中的电离层与对流层处理方法,并给出了风云四号卫星动力学轨道确定策略。在非变轨期间,采用动力学定轨方法。轨道确定残差分析,测量噪声均方根优于0.5 m。通过轨道重叠分析,非变轨期间精度优于20 m。动量轮卸载期间,采用估计经验力的方法,其定轨残差优于1 m。对多弧段数据处理表明文中方法满足同步卫星双程测距模式下的高精度轨道跟踪问题。 相似文献
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针对嫦娥四号着陆器环月飞行阶段的轨道,开展基于多普勒测量数据的精密轨道计算与精度分析。首先给出了多普勒测量数据的精确观测建模方法。然后,从着陆器姿控力影响,重叠弧段轨道比较,以及独立轨道比较几个方面开展计算与分析,结果表明:姿控喷气会对探测器产生细微的加速度,对轨道计算产生20~50 m的影响;通过重叠弧段的比较,稳定飞行阶段多普勒数据独立解算轨道的精度优于30 m;与测距与VLBI测量联合解算轨道的比较,轨道之间的差异小于50 m。 相似文献
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《航天器工程》2016,(5):19-24
为了验证地球同步轨道合成孔径雷达(GEO SAR)的成像机理,采用倾斜地球同步轨道(IGSO)北斗导航卫星作为照射源,通过地面接收北斗导航卫星信号和地面反射的回波信号,实现对GEO SAR成像机理的等效性验证。北斗导航卫星具有与GEO SAR卫星相似的轨道,地面接收的信号可以等效成单程传播的GEO SAR回波信号;成像处理采用与GEO SAR相同的合成孔径时间,在合成孔径时间内地面反射的北斗导航卫星信号具有与单程传播的GEO SAR回波信号相似的距离徙动特性和多普勒特性,可实现长合成孔径时间条件下GEO SAR成像机理的验证。通过双基地试验实现了应用北斗导航卫星信号的GEO SAR成像机理的等效性验证。 相似文献
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应答式目标旋转运动对雷达速度测量的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
携带应答机的飞行目标,若除了沿其某一轨道运动外,还作自旋运动,应答机天线辐射相位空间分布的不均匀性会使应答机转发信号产生附加的相位调制,因而导致多卜勒测量雷达的测量误差。本文分析了对称安装三天线园柱形应答式目标回波的多卜勒频率调制。得出了附加多卜勒频率及其各阶导数的解析式。研究了目标旋转速度、方向角(目标旋转轴线与雷达视线的夹角)和回波谱线宽度的关系,以及对雷达多卜勒测量精度的影响,它对于研究自旋再入体测量问题具有实用价值。文章给出了一个典型的三天线园锥目标模拟旋转试验结果。试验中在不同目标转速下由相参雷达跟踪测量目标回波,同时记录中频信号、多卜勒跟踪回路鉴频器输出等有用信息。对试验数据的分析得出了明确的结论:目标旋转使回波信号的谱线展宽、测速误差增大,谱线宽度与目标转速成正比,同时谱线宽度随目标方向角增大而加宽,方向角为90°时旋转影响最大。理论分析得出了与试验相同的结果。虽然试验是在静态下进行的,但问题的分析对质心运动的目标也同样适用。 相似文献
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一种提高导航卫星星座自主定轨精度的方法研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
针对近地导航卫星仅利用星间测距进行自主定轨时,因无法消除星座整体旋转误差而导致长期自主定轨精度不高的问题,提出了利用拉格朗日导航卫星星座与近地导航卫星星座联合仅利用星间测距进行自主定轨的方法。建立了拉格朗日轨道导航卫星星座和近地导航卫星星座联合仅利用星间测距进行自主定轨的动力学模型和观测模型。利用扩展Kalman滤波(EKF)算法和星间测距信息实现了拉格朗日轨道导航星座与近地导航星座的长期自主定轨。以4颗拉格朗日卫星组成的导航星座与12颗GPS卫星组成的近地导航星座作为仿真对象进行了仿真分析,仿真结果表明本文仅利用星间测距的联合自主定轨方法可以有效提高导航卫星星座的长期自主定轨精度。 相似文献
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针对我国高分辨率空间对地观测专项的发展需求,文章在星载多普勒无线电定轨定位(Doppler Orbitography and Radio-positioning Intergrated by Satellite,DORIS)系统的实时定轨算法和流程验证基础上,进行了应用背景限制下的模型简化研究,用数字信号处理器(DSP)实现并验证了其星载实现的可行性和有效性。首先介绍法国星载实时定轨软件(DORIS Immediate Orbit Determination by Embarked,DIODE)及定轨原理,给出星载实时定轨算法的流程。通过网站下载的DORIS接收机搭载星数据,对星载多普勒实时定轨算法的观测量修正部分和卡尔曼滤波定轨算法进行验证。针对星载实现的计算简化要求,对算法中计算量较大的地球非球形引力摄动和章动模型进行研究,对比不同模型复杂度对定轨结果的影响,为定轨算法模型的选取提供依据。最后将移植到DSP的程序运行结果与个人计算机下的仿真结果进行了对比,验证其星载实现满足精度要求,同时运行时间满足实时性要求。对如何提高实时定轨算法的性能,文章给出了后续应用的改进方向。 相似文献
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卫星相干光通信系统信号解调过程中,卫星相对运动会导致接收的信号光产生GHz量级的多普勒频移,信号光的远距离传输导致光信噪比极低,传统方法无法在低信噪比下补偿大范围多普勒频移,严重影响通信系统的能力。针对上述问题,本文提出了一种两段式频率捕获算法,该算法包含自动扫频和锁频控制两个阶段。自动扫频阶段通过本振光自动频率扫描将频差缩小至100 MHz量级;锁频控制阶段通过高精度的本振光频率控制与FFT变换,在低信噪比下继续缩小频差至MHz量级。仿真验证结果表明:该算法可在2 dB信噪比下补偿大动态范围的10 GHz范围多普勒频差,满足卫星相干光通信解调需求。 相似文献
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E. Olmedo Noelia Snchez Ortiz Mercedes Lerate Miguel Bell-Mora H. Klinkrad 《Acta Astronautica》2009,65(7-8):1133-1148
A growing interest exists in a future, autonomous European Space Surveillance System (ESSS). Currently, most of the knowledge about Earth-orbiting space objects is based on information provided by the USASPACECOM. This paper presents the required initial orbit determination (IOD) and correlation techniques to process optical measurements. Former studies were focused on the handling of radar measurements, which are summarised with the aim of describing a global procedure for processing hybrid measurement types (combination of radar and optic data for catalogue maintenance). The introduction of manoeuvres are presented due to their importance in the space object catalogue maintenance.The detection of uncatalogued objects and the successful correlation of already catalogued objects involve two different tasks for telescopes: survey and tasking. Assumptions for both strategies are developed on the basis of the previous work developed at the University of Berne (see [T. Flohrer, T. Schildknecht, R. Musci, E. Stöveken, Performance estimation for GEO space surveillance, Advances in Space Research 35 (2005). [1]; T. Flohrer, T. Schildknecht, R. Musci, Proposed strategies for optical observations in a future European Space Surveillance Network, presented in the 36th COSPAR Scientific Assembly (2006). [2]; R. Musci, T. Schildknecht, M. Ploner, Orbit improvement for GEO objects using follow-up observations, Advances in Space Research 34 (2004). [3]; R. Musci, T. Schildknecht, M. Ploner, G. Beutler, Orbit improvement for GTO objects using follow-up observations, Advances in Space Research 35 (2005). [4]; R. Musci, T. Schildknecht, T. Flohrer, G. Beutler, Concept for a catalogue of space debris in GEO, Proceedings of the Fourth European Conference on Space Debris, (ESA SP-587, 2005). [5]]). When a new object appears in the field of view, initial orbit determination must be performed. When only one telescope per site is available, the initial measurements are separated by only a few seconds. Therefore, the initial orbit determination is quite inaccurate due to bad mathematical conditioning of the problem. In order to improve the accuracy of the initial orbit determination, several follow-up observations of the object are required. This implies that the telescope needs to track the detected objects over a long period, and therefore the time available for surveying is reduced. By processing the additional follow-up measurements, separated now by a few hours, the initial orbit determination gives more accurate results and the object can be recovered after an orbital revolution. When several telescopes per site are available, the optical strategies may be modified. The survey tasks can be distributed between the available telescopes. In this way the number of images corresponding to each object increases and to track the detected object over long periods is not always needed. Numerical results will be shown in order to evaluate the accuracy and features of the different telescope strategies. A key point for performing efficiently the cataloguing process is the calculation of the estimated state vector covariance matrix. The covariance matrix analysis allows an adaptive tasking-survey telescope scheduling. Moreover, the implementation of a proper batch orbit determination process by means of a square root information filter (SRIF) requires a realistic initial covariance matrix.Hybrid measurements are available from objects that can be observed through both radar and optical sensors (e.g. GTO objects). The batch orbit determination and correlation process of hybrid measurements is also based on SRIF using an extended measurement model. Both the initial orbit determination methods using radar and optical measurements have to be sufficiently accurate to initialise SRIF correctly. In order to avoid filter divergence, the estimated covariance must be correctly updated after processing both kinds of measurements. The implemented algorithms are explained and their performance is shown through realistic simulations.Techniques to detect and characterise object manoeuvres during the cataloguing process have been developed and implemented. Four main groups of manoeuvre objects have been established by means of their observed permitted orbital ranges (GEO, LEO, MEO–GPS, Molniya). The study is based on the historical TLEs files. When an object with an uncatalogued orbit appears, a comparison between the new orbit and the orbits contained in the permitted ranges of one of the manoeuvre groups is performed. If the required Δa and/or Δi to convert the lost orbit into the detected orbit seems to be feasible, a manoeuvre will be identified and the orbit will be updated in the catalogue. Otherwise, it will be decided that a new object was found. For this purpose, a procedure to estimate the manoeuvres and reset orbits have been developed. 相似文献
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编队飞行卫星相对轨道的自主确定算法 总被引:9,自引:1,他引:9
给出了描述编队飞行卫星近距离相对运动的C -W方程。讨论了基于相对位置测量的相对轨道自主确定方法 ,采用扩展卡尔曼滤波进行状态估计。仿真结果表明 ,在厘米级的测距精度和 0 0 1度的测角精度下 ,相对定轨精度能达到厘米量级 ,相对速度误差的量级为毫米 /秒 相似文献
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为避免传统惯性系自主定轨算法中的多次坐标转换,针对地固系分布式自主定轨算法原理及其中的关键技术开展研究。给出在地固系中进行自主星历生成的总体框图,推导了地固系自主定轨算法的基本方程,提出一种新的以地固系位置速度为状态量的状态转移矩阵解析计算方法并分析其计算量,证明了地固系自主定轨算法可以进一步降低定轨算法复杂度,且无需上注地球定向参数进行坐标转换。使用仿真数据和真实在轨测量数据的测试结果表明,提出的地固系分布式自主定轨算法与传统算法定轨精度相当,说明了所提算法的可行性,验证了星载自主定轨原型软件的有效性。 相似文献