美国军用航天国际合作有新进展

西方国家军用航天的国际合作最近有趋热之势.美国欲通过"百星"计划和北约组织中的26个盟国一起打造"太空快速反应联盟";澳大利亚将加入美国军用的"宽带全球卫星通信"星座计划的建设,与美国共享先进的军用卫星通信系统;加拿大将用自己的卫星帮助美国监视别国的卫星.     

印度航天介绍(下)

导航卫星 印度空间研究组织官员2006年7月4日与工业界代表举行会议,商讨印度政府关于利用国产组件建设一个独立的卫星导航系统的计划.该项目称为"印度区域导航卫星系统"(IRNSS),已在同年5月9日得到印度政府批准,将在今后5～6年内实施,包含由7～8颗卫星构成的一个星座以及一个大型地面段.将耗资142亿卢比.     

维珍银河公布亚轨道游船设计

英国维珍银河公司1月23日公布了其亚轨道太空旅游飞船及其载机的设计.根据设计,未来想找刺激的人将可以乘坐一种漂亮的飞船到太空边缘观光旅游.称为"太空船二号"的飞船将挂载在庞大的"白骑士二号"双体载机下部升空.     

美国加速研制"标准导弹"3

2007年12月18日,日本采用"标准导弹"3(SM-3)BlocklA导弹对中程弹道导弹成功地进行了拦截试验.此次试验成功标志着日本成为世界上第二个能在海上拦截导弹的国家,也表明日美防务合作取得了重大进展.同时,此次试验对亚洲乃至世界的军事格局都将产生深刻的影响.     

机动弹头中段突防姿态的搜索算法研究

针对弹道导弹在大气层外的机动突防问题,建立了攻防对抗双方的六自由度动力学和运动学模型;研究拦截弹的导引律,对比例导引加以改进,用卡尔曼滤波估计视线角和方位角的变化率估算敌方的飞行信息;研究了机动弹头的智能规避策略,主要对如何确定机动方向展开研究,基于使EKV过载最大化的原则,提出了一种姿态搜索算法.经仿真验证,该算法提高了规避策略的自适应性和鲁棒性,对于增大脱靶量、提高导弹突防概率效果显著.     

与空间碎片有关的空间环境保护立法研究

自1957年前苏联成功发射第一颗人造卫星以来,人类航天活动得到了突飞猛进的发展.人类航天活动在促进世界经济发展和社会进步的同时,也在外层空间留下了数千个大型物体,数万个中小型碎片和数亿个微粒物质.     

工业和信息化部林森副司长一行到七○八所指导工作

本刊讯2009年新年伊始,工信部军民结合推进司林森副司长、牟宗庆处长、王东调研员等一行来七○八所指导工作。所科技委主任诸一维、有关研究室的领导参加了会议。会议由卿寿松所长主持,魏永刚副所长概述了所的现状与能     

对跑道侵入的分析和建议

引言据统计,空中交通管理中68%的事故发生在地面阶段。2003至2006财政年度,在美国NAS内的500多家机场共计发生了1306次跑道侵入事件,其中有4次导致了发生相撞事故。虽然这4起事故没     

On the stability of the track of the space elevator

A string moving with geostationary angular velocity in its radial relative equilibrium configuration around the Earth, reaching from the surface of the Earth far beyond the geostationary height, could be used as track for an Earth to space elevator. This is an old dream of mankind, originating about 100 years ago in Russia. Besides the question of feasibility from a technological point of view also the question concerning the stability of such a configuration has not yet been completely solved. Under the assumption that a proper material (carbon nanotubes) is available, making the connection possible technologically, we address the question of existence and stability of the radial relative equilibrium of a tapered string on a circular geosynchronous trajectory around the Earth, reaching from the surface of the Earth far beyond the geostationary height.     

On the Possibility of the Existence of Volatile Compounds in the Region of the Scott Crater on the Moon

In this paper, we analyze the illumination conditions, the thermal regime, and the possibility of deposits of volatile compounds existing in the vicinity region (NSR S5 region) near the southern pole of the Moon. It has been found that there are no permanently shadowed zones near the Scott crater and the NSR S5 region, though the temperature conditions allow the of compounds such as CH₃OH, SO₂, NH₃, CO₂, H₂S, C₂H₄, and water to remain stable relative to evaporation for a long time (≥1 Gyr). It has been also shown that compounds like CO and CH₄ cannot stably exist in these regions.     

对老年人体育锻炼负荷量监控方法的探讨

通过对老年人体育锻炼活动的情况进行相关调查，发现目前老年人体育锻炼中存在一些误区。因此本文针对这些现实情况提出，应根据实际情况运用一些简单易行的方法来对老年人体育锻炼实施医务监督，达到提高老年人体育锻炼的科学性。     

Estimation of the current density and analysis of the geometry of the current system surrounding the Earth

The results of an investigation of the distribution of plasma pressure, pressure gradients, and magnetic field near the equatorial plane in the plasma ring surrounding the Earth under magneto-quiet conditions are presented. Observational data obtained during the international THEMIS mission are used. The picture of the distribution of transverse-current density near the equatorial plane was obtained under assumption of observing the magnetostatic balance condition at geocentric distances from 6 to 12R _E. In estimating the integral transverse current it was accepted that in daytime sector the magnetic-field minima on magnetic field lines are not localized in the equatorial plane. Estimates of the integral transverse current were obtained, which demonstrate the possibility of closing nighttime transverse currents at geocentric distances of up to ～12R _E inside the magnetosphere, which form a high-latitudinal continuation of the ring current.     

实施“三位一体”教育模式 提高学生的综合素质

本文介绍了“三位一体”教育模式的内容,描述亍我们实施该模式所采取的措施及取得的成效。实践表明,“三位一体”教育模式能够提高学生的综合素质,为学生毕业后的发展打下坚实基础,对教育模式的改革具有一定的指导意义。     

Estimating the accuracy of the technique of reconstructing the rotational motion of a satellite based on the measurements of its angular velocity and the magnetic field of the Earth

The paper has studied the accuracy of the technique that allows the rotational motion of the Earth artificial satellites (AES) to be reconstructed based on the data of onboard measurements of angular velocity vectors and the strength of the Earth magnetic field (EMF). The technique is based on kinematic equations of the rotational motion of a rigid body. Both types of measurement data collected over some time interval have been processed jointly. The angular velocity measurements have been approximated using convenient formulas, which are substituted into the kinematic differential equations for the quaternion that specifies the transition from the body-fixed coordinate system of a satellite to the inertial coordinate system. Thus obtained equations represent a kinematic model of the rotational motion of a satellite. The solution of these equations, which approximate real motion, has been found by the least-square method from the condition of best fitting between the data of measurements of the EMF strength vector and its calculated values. The accuracy of the technique has been estimated by processing the data obtained from the board of the service module of the International Space Station (ISS). The reconstruction of station motion using the aforementioned technique has been compared with the telemetry data on the actual motion of the station. The technique has allowed us to reconstruct the station motion in the orbital orientation mode with a maximum error less than 0.6° and the turns with a maximal error of less than 1.2°.     

Optimization of the trajectory of the spacecraft insertion into the system of heliocentric orbits

The possibility of the spacecraft insertion into the system of operational heliocentric orbits has been analyzed. It has been proposed to use a system of several operational heliocentric orbits. On each orbit, the spacecraft makes one or more revolutions around the Sun. These orbits are characterized by a relatively small perihelion radius and relatively high inclination, which allows one to investigate the polar regions of the Sun. The transition of the spacecraft from one orbit to another has been performed using an unpowered gravity assist maneuver near Venus and does not require the cruise propulsion operation. Each maneuver transfers the spacecraft into the sequence of operational heliocentric orbits. We have analyzed several systems of operational heliocentric orbits into which the spacecraft can be inserted by means of the considered transportation system with electric propulsion (EP). The mass of the spacecraft delivered to these systems of operational orbits has been estimated.     

从应变计现状看电阻式传感器的前景

电阻式传感器的核心部件——电阻应变计是目前最常用的应力分析的敏感元件。也常用于测量力、压力、扭矩和加速度等物理量。作者简要回顾了电阻应变计的发展历史，介绍了电阻应变计的结构、分类及现状，展望了电阻式传感器的前景。     

System of works on numerical modeling of the dynamics of the structure of the Space Radiotelescope in the RadioAstron project

The results of modeling the dynamics of the Space Radiotelescope are presented. The results of ground-based vibration-dynamic tests are used to validate the calculation models and estimate the damping levels. The dynamic distortions of the reflecting surface caused by the operation of the pointing mechanism of the high-gain antenna are estimated.     

复杂受载条件下固体火箭发动机壳体屈曲应力的估计

论文简略介绍了静力轴压下园柱壳屈曲应力的工程计算方法,对某固体火箭发动机壳体的复杂受载条件对壳体屈曲应力的影响进行了分析,并对该火箭发动机壳体屈曲应力如何估计提出了建议。