余度飞行控制系统的仿真研究

 余度技术是提高飞行自动控制系统可靠性的有效手段。本文通过对一种三余度控制系统的仿真研究,评述了信号选择器、比较器与主备式余度舵机的性能要求,分析了它们在故障的瞬态、故障监控的覆盖与减少误切除等方面的效果。     

高精度温度控制方式述评

对高精度温度控制系统中常用的模拟控制方式、数字控制方式和模拟/数字控制方式作了比较,目的在于找到既能满足计量检定恒温装置所需的技术指标、又方便实用的控制方式.     

飞机电源系统模拟器的设计

介绍某型号飞机电源系统模拟器的结构和设计原理,详细介绍了C8051F005单片机及其外围的模拟量输入输出电路、数字量输入输出电路、通讯电路和供电电路,并对系统的软件设计进行了阐述。     

Filters and algorithms for rotation rate detection in fiber-opticgyroscopes

A digital filter structure and processing scheme is being presented, featuring a minimum hardware effort and efficient means of computing rotation rates in fiber-optic gyroscopes. Its advantages over current analog and digital detection methods are pointed out. The problem of aliasing and quantization in digital filters limiting system performance is addressed. Test results document successful implementation of algorithms introduced     

基于比例阀门的升降速度控制方法研究

提出了一种新的航空升降速度标准信号自动产生方法.从控制方面,采用硅压阻模拟、石英数字双传感器,分别作为过程控制传感器和基准压力传感器,保证系统升降速度的准确度.采用双闭环控制方案,模拟闭环采用电路设计实现,数字闭环通过计算机、数字传感器和软件实现.控制执行部件采用一对比例电磁阀门.控制电路设计采用了模拟电路PID和数字PID控制结合的串级控制方案,对实现升降速度和压力信号变化的微分电路进行了设计.实验证明,该装置升降速度的输出准确度优于0.2%F.S,控制范围为0～200 m/s.     

Digital Radiometer Performance

This work investigates the performance of an all-digital, total-power radiometer (TPR), consisting of RF, mixer, and IF stages followed by an analog-to-digital converter (ADC). Square-law detection and smoothing is performed in a digital computer. A figure of merit, the degradation factor, is defined which compares the digital TPR with an ideal analog TPR. Exact results are obtained which include the effects of saturation, finite step size, and finite sampling rate of the ADC. A good approximation is developed which compares favorably with the exact results under certain conditions. The use of a general digital filter for smoothing is considered. A new parameter, the ?equivalent summation number?, is shown to be analogous to the equivalent integration time of an analog TPR.     

一种基于EPLL技术的自适应正交解调技术研究

针对过零检测实现的全数字锁相环不仅锁相速度慢, 而且过零点的扰动会 直接影响锁相精度以及适合模拟电路实现的相干解调技术,在数字电路中实现则需要设 计高阶数字低通滤波器,将占用大量数字电路资源并且会显著增加系统功耗等问题,在 设计一种新型全数字锁相环(All-digital Enhanced Phase-lock Loop,EPLL)的基础上,结合自 适应正交解调技术,提出了一种基于EPLL 技术的自适应正交解调技术方案,并对该方 案进行了研究与仿真。仿真得到了满意的结果,验证了基于EPLL 技术的自适应正交解 调技术方案的可行性,并研究验证了算法的参数变化对其性能的影响,为今后算法在数 字系统中的实现以及其在各领域的应用研究奠定了坚实的基础。     

Performance of Digital Implementations of an Adaptive Processor

The performance of a digital implementation of an Applebaum-Howells type adaptive processor is analyzed for both a limiter and nonlimiter configuration. The performance is evaluated in terms of steady-state residue power, using either a single-pole filter or a perfect integrator to smooth the output of the correlation mixer. The latter filter is the more commonly used for digital implementations. It is shown that when using the perfect integrator filter for both the limiter and linear digital implementations, the steady-state average weight vector equals the optimum weight vector. Thus, for this filter, the steady-state residue power is the minimum possible for either implementation. When using the single-pole filter, neither implementation achieves the minimum possible steady-state residue power. The relative performance of the two implementations depends upon the relative gain settings. When the gains are adjusted to give comparable servo stability for the design maximum jammer power, a reasonable criterion for digital implementations because of analog to digital saturation, the limiter configuration always has smaller steady-state residue power.     

An Analog Open-Loop Adaptive-Array Antenna System

A new open-loop adaptive-array system with excellent transient behavior is presented. The system is constructed of analog circuits and determines complex weights without using the feedback of the array output. The performance attainable with the system is described in detail. It is shown that the convergence rate of the system does not depend on a noise environment but is determined by the time constant of the low-pass filters included. Moreover, it is shown that although the steady-state performance is quite good when the interference sources differ widely in signal strength, the steady-state performance can be far below optimum when two or more interference sources are present at roughly equal power levels.     

Trunking vs. conventional radio systems

Correctional Service Canada (CSC) has recently replaced the aging, out-of-date radio communications systems in all major CSC facilities with new conventional digital radio systems. Based on very specific and restrictive operational requirements coupled with developments in digital radio technology and the Associated Public Communications Officers (APCO) Project 25 digital radio standards, it was determined that digital radio communications would best meet CSC's needs. The CSC national radio replacement program was completed in March 2000. Switching to a digital radio communications system gave CSC an opportunity to consider changing the existing radio system from a number of conventional, single-site systems to a trunking system. Areas to be considered when determining the architecture for a radio communication network, whether radio trunking systems or conventional radio systems should be used, are presented, In addition, the paper will also outline the requirements and measures taken to keep the radio communication network active and operational while the equipment was converted from an analog technology to a digital one     

Analog Computer Needed!

Science and technology advance neither steadily nor continuously. Concepts deemed obsolete and confined to oblivion find their niche in new developments. Discarded old methods revive as the key ingredients to new designs. Analog computing was the birthplace of two important technologies: Computer simulation, as applied to system design, was founded. The operational amplifier, to become the basis for modern linear circuitry, was perfected. Valuable as it was, analog simulation's quasi-hardware approach to analysis aggravated users as much as it aided them. When digital simulation languages arrived, simulation engineers readily adopted them. When the microprocessor transformed digital computers into inexpensive circuit components (more like gates, flip-flops, amplifiers, etc. than computers,) there arose unlimited prospects for digital control. But, the discrete digital and continuous analog worlds are not compatible. Timing discontinuities and variable resolution limitations create problems. Control system designs, especially microprocessor based ones, need laboratory development. For hands-on testing, the analog computer is as handy an instrument as a controls engineer could have. Its two unique and valuable functions are: Simulator of Systems to be Controlled... The electrical analogs or physical models, analog computer simulations offer predictable yet realistic representations of mechanisms and processes to be controlled. Programmable Linear Circuits Manifold... The terminal points for high quality, linear circuit devices, analog computer patch panels offer the only formal means of programing linear signal processing, interface and control circuits. This paper offers a discussion of these two analog computing uses.     

飞机操纵系统舵机与助力器运动碰撞研究

飞机操纵系统中因舵机输出较快,助力器响应较慢而存在相互运动碰撞,影响操纵品质和飞行安全。对发生碰撞的机理进行了深入分析,建立了舵机与助力器运动特性匹配关系和用于碰撞研究的数学模型,通过实例,找到了对碰撞最有影响的参量。     

一种支持双余度CAN总线接口的A/D采集单元设计

模拟量输入通道是无人机飞行控制系统自动检测计算机的关键部件之一.设计了某自动检测计算机内部一种基于余度CAN总线的A/D采集单元.根据总体技术指标要求,从器件选型到系统软硬件设计采用了先进性与实用性兼顾的设计思想.实际测试结果表明该接口单元工作稳定,性能良好,满足检测无人机飞行控制系统各性能指标的要求.     

模拟式大气仪动态响应数字仿真

本文采用通用数字计算机对模拟式大气仪动态响应进行数字仿真,比用模拟计算机进行仿真要简单、方便,而且精度也较高。从仿真的计算结果可以尽快了解系统动态响应范围,能及时确定系统中各环节设计参数是否合理,以便进行修改设计。     

陀螺稳定平台数字稳定电路硬件设计与实现

针对某型陀螺稳定平台目前仍然采用模拟稳定电路的问题，设计了陀螺稳定平台数字稳定硬件电路。数字稳定硬件电路采用DSP处理技术、24位高精度AD采集技术及H桥功率放大技术。实验结果表明，该电路能满足各种性能指标要求。该电路的实现为后续自适应控制理论、数字化及智能化控制技术应用于陀螺稳定平台奠定了硬件基础。     

Performance evaluation of digital beamforming strategies for satellite communications

Smart antennas are becoming one of the promising technologies to meet the rapidly increasing demands for more capacity of satellite communication systems. A main component in a smart antenna system is beamforming. Because of the limitations of analog beamforming, digital beamforming will be employed in future satellite communication systems. We evaluate the performance of various digital beamforming strategies proposed in the literature for satellite communications: 1) single fixed beam/single user, 2) single fixed beam/multiple users, 3) single adaptive beam/single user, and 4) single Chebyshev dynamic beam/multiple users. Multiple criteria including coverage, system capacity, signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR), and computation complexity are used to evaluate these satellite communication beamforming strategies. In particular, a Ka-band satellite communication system is used to address the various issues of these beamforming strategies. For the adaptive beamforming approach, subarray structure is used to obtain the weights of a large 2D antenna array, and a globally convergent recurrent neural network (RNN) is proposed to realize the adaptive beamforming algorithm in parallel. The new subarray-based neural beamforming algorithm can reduce the computation complexity greatly, and is more effective than the conventional least mean square (LMS) beamforming approach. It is shown that the single adaptive beam/single user approach has the highest system capacity.     

Combining Computer and Video Data in Spacelab Experiments

An IBM-PC compatible interface card has been developed to combine computer generated digital data with analog video in real-time. The I/O mapped, memory-mapped board can multiplex the digital data anywhere in the active field of an RS170 video signal. The interface can be used when there is a need to combine video and digital data.     

Loop gain of a spacecraft switched shunt power system

A novel approach of deriving the loop gain of a spacecraft switched shunt power system is presented. The system hardware elements contain both the analog and the digital components. Transfer functions of the analog circuits are easily identified employing the conventional approach. Gain function of the digital block is however conceived following a quite unconventional route. The digital gain is shown to include the effects of comparator thresholds, digital clock, shift register, sinusoidal amplitude, and ac frequency. The dependence of the digital gain on voltage thresholds, clocking period, and the integrational property of threshold comparator is expected. The dependence on sinusoidal amplitude contradicts the traditional concept of small signal analysis. The overall loop gain in the analytic form yields a computational result that matches the actual measurement very well. This fact proves, to some extent, the validity of the digital gain function and the basis of its derivation     

某大型飞机舱门框工艺标准数字模型

 基于模拟量传递的装配互换协调方式已不能满足现代飞机研制的需求,采用数字量传递方式是支撑飞机数字化装配的基础。以某大型飞机舱门框的装配互换协调问题为研究对象,结合飞机数字化制造技术特点,对这些问题开展探索性研究,并在此基础上建立其数字化互换协调新方式。从分析舱门框结构特点入手,归纳互换协调数据对象;阐述工艺标准数字模型概念及其数据组成,并以此为基础建立舱门框数字化装配互换协调流程;详细介绍了基于特征的构建互换协调模型关键技术及其应用开发,验证了所提出的舱门框数字化装配互换协调方法的有效性,并明确下一步研究重点。