Approximation to Probability of Detection for Log-Normal Target Fluctuation

A relatively simple expression for the approximation to the probability of detection of a log-normally fluctuating target is provided. Absolute errors normally have a magnitude less than 0.01.     

主动雷达型空空导弹截获概率分析

误差是影响主动雷达型中远距空空导弹武器系统截获得性能的重要因素，通过引入截获目标时间的经验分布函数，提出了基于蒙特卡洛仿真计算导弹截获概率，以及定量评估误差对截获概率影响的方法。仿真结果表明，该方法能够有效分析误差因素对导弹截获得概率的影响，为武器系统误差配置提供计算参考。     

目标指示精度对跟踪雷达截获概率的影响

在分析压制干扰对目标指示精度影响的基础上,研究了目标指示精度对跟踪雷达截获目标概率的影响,将跟踪雷达截获目标的过程分为落入目标探测区域及发现目标两个过程,建立了相应的评价指标与模型,对模型进行了在不同的干扰及抗干扰条件下进行了仿真验证。     

多传感器目标检测的性能评估（一）

通过对传感器性能分析,将ROC曲线予以量化,根据其几何意义导出传感器探测性能的评估模型,该模型是一个单一的量化指标,用观测量的概率均值和方差来评估传感器性能的优劣。     

Analysis of Detection Probability for the Acoustooptic Receiver

A numerical method is described for analyzing the performance of an acoustooptic receiver. The method provides output waveforms, probability density functions for samples of the output, and detection probabilities for output samples. The approach is general in that input pulse envelope shapes, pulse offset frequencies, and output rilter magnitude responses are arbitrary. The basic analysis is also independent of the shape of the optical beam and of the photodiode windows.     

Calculation of Detection Probabilities for Automated Change Detection

A general model is presented for calculating detection and falsealarm probabilities for the automated change detector. The model is then applied to determine PD'PF for the ?target-no target? type change; the resulting PD and PF are compared to the one-channel case.     

基于波形熵的雷达目标一维距离像检测技术

高分辨雷达一维距离像目标检测实质上是扩展目标检测,具有与低分辨雷达回波目标检测不同的特点.通过分析目标一维距离像和噪声的波形特点,提出了一种基于波形熵的一维距离像检测方法.该方法对目标一维距离像信号形式和噪声的先验知识要求少,运算复杂性小,易于工程实现.仿真实验说明算法能有效地提高检测性能.     

Probability of Detecting a Fluctuating Target Immersed in Both Noise and Clutter

The probability of detecting either a Swerling 1 or Swerling 2 target immersed in both Rayleigh-distributed noise and log-normally distributed clutter is calculated. Results are presented which demonstrate the effect of noise-to-clutter ratio, signal-to-noise ratio, and number of pulses integrated on the detection statistics.     

Exact Detection Probability for Partially Correlated Rayleigh Targets

The detection probability PD of a radar receiver which postdetection integrates N pulses of an expqnentially correlated signal from a Rayleigh target in thermal noise is determined. At the limiting correlation coefficients, p = 1 and p = 0, the analysis yields, respectively, the well known Swerling case 1 and case 2 formulas. The effect of partial (0 ? p ? 1) correlation is exhibited in a set of curves of PD versus signal-to-noise ratio, X, for various N and p. Additional curves compare the exact fluctuation loss determined from the above analysis with an approximate expression universally employed by radar system engineers.     

The Impact of Strong Scintillation on Space Based Radar Design I: Coherent Detection

Electromagnetic signals which propagate through strongly disturbed regions of the ionosphere can experience angular scattering, causing appreciable amplitude and phase scintillation and angle-of-arrival fluctuations. The performance of a space based radar (SBR) subject to degradation due to signal propagation through a highly disturbed ionospheric channel is considered here. Pertinent characteristics of the disturbed channel and the received radar signal are described. The effects of the propagation path are investigated and the differences between monostatic and bistatic operation are presented. Results are presented which show the effect of severe scintillation on the coherent target detection performance of an SBR. It is shown that coherent detection performance can be seriously degraded in a scintillation environment if scintillation effects are not considered in the radar design.     

The Impact of Strong Scintillation on Space Based Radar Design II: Noncoherent Detection

Electromagnetic signals that propagate through strongly disturbed regions of the ionosphere can experience scattering which can cause significant amplitude, phase, and angle-of-arrival fluctuations. This paper considers the performance of a space based radar (SBR) that must operate through a highly disturbed propagation environment such as might occur during a barium release or after a high altitude nuclear detonation. A brief summary of the propagation channel characteristics is given in terms of quantities that are important to SBR design issues. Results are then given showing the effect of noncoherent integration on target detection performance. Both coherent and noncoherent detection performance can be seriously degraded by scintillation if scintillation is not adequately considered in the radar design.     

巡航导弹飞行撞地概率的一种计算方法

研究了巡航导弹飞行高度控制系统对应的高度控制误差和地形起伏误差,在综合这两种误差的基础上,提供了一种飞行撞地概率的计算方法,并给出了飞行高度与之对应的撞地概率计算实例。计算和分析得出,参考航迹高度取现行标准值的某型巡航导弹撞地概率太大,需通过减小高度探测控制系统的误差或者增大参考航迹的规划高度来降低撞地概率。     

激光探测“猫眼”效应目标识别算法

提出了一种基于压缩感知理论的＂猫眼＂效应目标识别算法,应用随机采样矩阵将原始二维图像线性投影为一维测量向量,通过对一维测量向量的处理提取出＂猫眼＂效应目标信息,进而通过压缩感知理论的恢复算法重建仅包含＂猫眼＂目标的图像。对应于此算法亦提出了一种相应的激光主动成像探测系统,以获取主被动图像序列。应用此算法,将传统的基于原...     

Detection of Target Multiplicity Using Monopulse Quadrature Angle

The feasibility of using the indicated quadrature angle of arrival of a monopulse radar to discriminate a single target from multiple targets, separated in angle within a radar resolution cell, is investigated. The analysis is performed for steady (fixed) and Rayleigh fluctuating targets which cover a broad range of target characteristics. In both cases, the interfering signals due to noise and clutter in the sum and difference monopulse channels are assumed to be independent, zero-mean Gaussian processes. Detection and false alarm probabilities are evaluated analytically and the receiver operating characteristics are obtained for both fixed and fluctuating target cases. It is shown that multiple targets can be discriminated from a single target condition by integrating the indicated monopulse quadrature angle of arrival from several independent pulses. It is also shown that the probability of detecting multiple targets increases as the fluctuation in the target radar cross section decreases, approaching the fixed amplitude case in the limit.     

Application of Three-Dimensional Filtering to Moving Target Detection

The standard approach to the detection of a stationary target immersed within an optically observed scene is to use integration to separate the target energy from the background clutter. When the target is nonstationary and moves with fixed velocity relative to the clutter, the procedure for integrating the target signal is no longer obvious. In this paper it is shown that the problem of tracking a target having a fixed velocity can be cast into a general framework of three-dimensional filter theory. From this point of view, the target detection problem reduces to the problem of finding optimal three-dimensional filters in the three-dimensional transform domain and processing the observed scene via this filtering. The design of these filters is presented, taking into account the target, clutter, and optical detection models. Performance is computed for a basic clutter model, showing the effective increase in detectability as a function of the target velocity. The three-dimensional transform approach is readily compatible with VLSI array processing technology.     

一种针对高光谱图象识别与分类的二进编码方法

针对高光谱遥感图像中地物识别与分类问题,在对传统二进编码方法的优缺点进行分析的基础上,给出了一种新的二进编码策略,并给出了相应的快速匹配算法。该算法原理简单,易于实现,能够提高不同地物的可分性,试验结果表明,算法可以得到较好的分类效果。     

An Upper Bound on Detection Probability for Fluctuating Signals

In the theory of signal detectability, the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), defined as the quotient of the average received signal energy and the spectral density of the white Gaussian noise, is a fundamental parameter. For a signal which is exactly known, or known except for a random phase, this ratio uniquely defines the detection performance which can be achieved with a matched filter receiver. However, when the signal amplitude is a random parameter, the detection performance is changed and must be determined from the probability density function (pdf) of the amplitude. Relative to the case of a constant signal amplitude, such signal amplitude fluctuation usually degrades performance when a high probability of detection (Pd) is required, but improves performance at low values of Pd; the corresponding change in the required SNR is the so-called signal fluctuation loss Lf. Thus, since Lf in some cases represents an improvement in performance for low values of Pd, a question of at least theoretical interest is: how large might this improvement be, when the class of all signal amplitude pdf's is considered. The solution, presented here, results in a lower bound on the signal fluctuation loss Lf as a function of Pd, or equivalently an upper bound on Pd as a function of SNR. The corresponding most favorable pdf was determined using the Lagrange multiplier technique and results of a numerical maximization are included to provide insight into the general properties of the solution.     

吊放声纳被动探测的一次发现概率

在对目标特性、海洋环境和接收机性能假设的基础上,建立了被动探测发现概率与目标距离的关系的基本数学模型,并将目标相对于吊放声纳的舷角和目标的航速看成随机量,完善了该模型.     

A Practical PRSD System for Multiple Target Detection

A block diagram of a practical system using the sequential detection technique for radar detection of multiple targets is given. The system is designed to obtain better detection probability with a lower value of signal-to-noise ratio for a given false-alarm probability and average transmitted power. The total pulse duration is divided into a number of range elements which are tested for the presence or absence of a target before switching the antenna beam to the next position.