钛β合金紧固件研究

概述了我国现有的几种用作α＋β紧固件的合金和β合金材料加工性能及开展β合金紧固件研究的目的———准确认识这些国产材料的紧固件性能,确定用钛β合金紧固件取代α＋β合金紧固件的可能性及其应用范围。     

我国航空钛合金紧固件的发展

钛合金紧固件在现代飞机上应用广泛 ,本文简述了航空上使用的主要钛紧固件品种 ,总结了国内近年来钛紧固件的发展状况 ,提出了国内钛紧固件的发展设想。     

大长径比钛合金螺栓制造及测试

航空钛合金紧固件具有较高的精度要求,需完备的技术基础以支撑,因而其制造难度高于民用合金钢紧固件,其中大长径比钛合金螺栓更为明显。对于大长径比钛合金螺栓,在制造过程中存在严重的加工变形,需要解决热镦锻成形、热处理变形控制、整体型面加工及尺寸协调、高频疲劳测试等方面的难题。本文通过有效的热镦锻设备加工能力开发解决镦锻成形问题,热处理工装开发研究、科学的加工余量设计等途径解决了大长径比钛合金螺栓加工变形难题,通过优化的测试方法实现了大长径比钛合金螺栓有效性能测试。     

钛合金紧固件热镦工艺通过鉴定

北京航空工艺研究所自行研制的钛合金紧固件热镦工艺及设备,于1992年9月在北京通过技术鉴定。与会专家一致认为,工艺所研制的连续式热镦机及其相应的热镦技术属国内首创,处于国内技术领先水平。 在飞机连接结构中,钛紧固件的减重效果尤为明显。在复合材料结构的连接中,为减轻电偶腐蚀,更需采用钛紧     

用于特殊钻削的非标刀具

由于各种大型复合材料中要求加工的紧固件孔越来越多,机床面临的挑战越来越变为大量很深的和复杂的孔加工.这是2个完全不同的应用领域,但其共同点是为了获得令人满意的加工结果和具有竞争力的加工性能,必须使用定制化的刀具.     

滚压加工技术提高高强航空紧固件的疲劳强度

介绍了航空紧固件滚压加工技术,指出采用适当的设计和合理的加工工艺,可将高强紧固件疲劳强度和疲劳寿命提高数倍,但加工中必须加以控制,以防过度加工。     

航空紧固件用钛合金材料发展现状

钛合金紧固件因其密度小、高比强、耐腐蚀等性能广泛应用于航空航天领域。着重对航空紧固件用钛合金材料的发展现状进行综述。结合紧固件用钛合金的发展,介绍了国内外紧固件用钛合金的应用现状,并对比分析了紧固件用钛合金材料的性能特点。同时,结合先进飞机对高性能紧固件的需求,介绍了几种紧固件用高强韧钛合金材料及其紧固件加工工艺。     

巴索Vasco 5000切削液——钛合金加工的好帮手

在航空工业中,钛及钛合金经常被用作制造各种关键的结构件.此类结构件的加工对工艺、机床、刀具以及切削液提出了非常高的要求.     

基于全三维设计的航空紧固件信息表达

MBD模型将产品的设计、制造、检验、装配信息集成化,成为全三维设计过程准确、实时、可追溯到单一数据源,实现三维数字化制造、装配无纸化.占飞机整体零件数量半数以上的紧固件,种类繁多、造型复杂.针对紧固件信息设计、装配效率、准确率低的特点,提出了基于MBD的航空紧固件3D点线表达方式,分析航空紧固件及其相关信息的结构化管理组织方式,设计人员综合考虑零部件位置、载荷要求、变形程度等因素,确定紧固件型号,形成以3D点线形式表达紧固件并可直接交付装配部门的装配文件,使紧固件装配设计流程正规化、标准化.     

航空紧固件在民机上的应用

1概述 航空技术在不断地前进,航空紧固件也得到了发展,包括螺栓、螺母、垫圈、铆钉、销轴等,其特点是用量大、品种多、承载能力要求高,且结构形式丰富等.在民机设计中,选用的紧固件必须满足相关适航条款的要求.     

有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计难点问题

有翼高超声速再入飞行器是近年来的研究热点,气动设计是飞行器设计的关键。为了更清楚地认识有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计的难点问题,对有翼高超声速再入飞行器的发展、优势及总体任务剖面进行了介绍,从5个方面详细介绍了该类飞行器气动设计的难点问题,包括多约束复杂面对称气动布局设计、高温真实气体效应对气动特性影响、天地差异与天地换算方法、反作用控制系统(RCS)喷流干扰对气动特性的影响以及气动数据不确定度等,简要阐明了这些难点问题对总体设计的重要性以及初步的解决思路,为有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计提供了一些参考。     

Simulation and Analysis of Crashworthiness of Fuel Tank for Helicopters

Crashworthiness requirement of fuel tanks is one of the important requirements in helicopter designs. The relations among the protection frame, textile layer and rubber layer of the fuel tank are introduced. Two appropriate FE models are established, one is for an uncovered helicopter fuel tank without protection frame, and the other is for fuel tank with protection frame. The dynamic responses of the two types of fuel tanks impinging on the ground with velocities of 17.3 m/s are numerically simulated for the purpose of analyzing energy-absorbing capabilities of the textile layer and protection frame. The feasibility of the current crashworthiness design of the fuel tank is examined though comparing the dynamic response behaviors of the two fuel tanks.     

The effect of inlet conditions on the flow and heat transfer in multiple rotating cavity with axial throughflow

This paper discusses experimental results from two different build configurations of a heated multiple rotating cavity test rig.Measurements of heat transfer from the discs and tangential velocities are presented.The test rig is a 70% full scale version of a high pressure compressor stack of an axial gas turbine engine.Of particular interest are the internal cylindrical cavities formed by adjacent discs and the interaction of these with a central axial throughflow of cooling air.Tests were carried out for a range of non-dimensional parameters representative of high pressure compressor internal air system flows(Re up to 5×106 and Rez up to 2×105).Two different builds have been tested.The most significant difference between these two build configurations is the size of the annular gap between the(non-rotating) drive shaft and the bores of the discs.The heat transfer data were obtained from thermocouple measurements of surface temperature and a conduction solution method.The velocity measurements were made using a two component,LDA system.The heat transfer results from the discs show differences between the two builds.This is attributed to the wider annular gap allowing more of the throughflow to penetrate into the cavity.There are also significant differences between the radial distributions of tangential velocity in the two builds of the test rig.For the narrow annular gap,there is an increase of non-dimensional tangential velocity V/Ωr with radial location to solid body rotation V/Ωr=1.For the wider annular gap,the non-dimensional velocities show a decrease with radial location to solid body rotation.      

ν-gap度量及其在飞行控制律评估中的应用

 传统控制律评估方法主要用于单输入单输出（SISO）系统，且对模型参数摄动考虑不够全面,针对这些不足，研究了ν-gap度量方法。在介绍系统广义稳定裕度相关概念的基础上，给出了ν-gap度量的定义、特点和性质以及近似摄动模型的计算，提出ν-gap度量评估控制律的步骤。实例结果表明，该方法不仅克服了上述传统评估方法的缺陷，而且还有根据所求的各摄动影响情况忽略影响小的元素，以减少计算量及可以找到最坏情况下的参数摄动组合等优点。     

突破技术趋同，波音再现竞争优势

 波音公司面临着来自空客公司的巨大挑战,企业战略性创新才是公司成功的关键。为此波音公司的全部战略性研究集中在扩大产品的差异性上,体现在3个方面：电子化（e-Enabled）运营环境、整体复合材料机身部件的制造技术和支持波音787客机的全球协同环境（GCE）。     

临近空间飞行器测控与信息传输系统频段选择

 临近空间飞行器是高性能信息化武器平台,测控（TT&;C）与信息传输系统是其信息保障的核心,而选择合理、可行的频段是展开系统设计的前提和基础。频段选择影响到整个技术方案的制定,是一个需综合考虑、影响深远并具有战略意义的关键问题,从国际电联（ITU）国际标准、高速数传、接收信噪比（SNR）、“三抗”、超视距中继、黑障、雨衰以及设备研制成熟度8个方面全面、细致论证了近空间平台测控系统的频段选择问题,最终得出在视距链路中以Ka频段为宜,在超视距链路中以Ku/Ka双频段为宜的结论。     

基于弯曲激波压缩系统的高超声速进气道反设计研究进展

总结了近十年来弯曲激波压缩研究的主要成果。提出了弯曲激波压缩系统的新概念,即利用特殊设计的楔形弯曲压缩面或空间弯曲压缩面,产生一系列与前缘弱激波相互交汇或叠加的压缩波系,从而使前缘激波弯曲,形成特殊的弯曲激波,它与波后的等熵压缩波来共同完成对气流的压缩。在此基础上,实现了由给定出口气动参数的超声速内流道反设计,实现了由给定压缩面压力分布和给定压缩面马赫数分布要求的型面反设计,实现了由给定激波波面的压缩型面反设计。研究证明,弯曲压缩面-弯曲激波压缩系统具有良好的综合气动性能,为高性能高超声速进气系统的气动设计提供了一种全新的设计方法。     

Integrated Entry Guidance for Reusable Launch Vehicle

A method for the implementation of integrated three-degree-of-freedom constrained entry guidance for reusable launch vehicle is presented. Given any feasible entry conditions, terminal area energy management interface conditions, and the reference trajectory generated onboard then, the method can generate a longitudinal guidance profile rapidly, featuring linear quadratic regular method and a proportional-integral-derivative tracking law with time-varying gains, which satisfies all the entry corridor constraints and meets the requirements with high precision. Afterwards, by utilizing special features of crossrange parameter, establishing bank-reversal corridor, and determining bank-reversals according to dynamically adjusted method, the algorithm enables the lateral entry guidance system to fly a wide range of missions and provides reliable and good performance in the presence of significant aerodynamic modeling uncertainty. Fast trajectory guidance profiles and simulations with a reusable launch vehicle model for various missions and aerodynamic uncertain-ties are presented to demonstrate the capacity and reliability of this method.     

Experimental Study on Effects of Fuel Injection on Scramjet Combustor Performance

In order to investigate the effects of fuel injection distribution on the scramjet combustor performance, there are conducted three sets of test on a hydrocarbon fueled direct-connect scramjet test facility. The results of Test A, whose fuel injection is carried out with injectors located on the top-wall and the bottom-wall, show that the fuel injection with an appropriate close-front and centralized distribution would be of much help to optimize combustor performances. The results of Test B, whose fuel injection is performed at the optimal injection locations found in Test A, with a given equivalence ratio and different injection proportions for each injector, show that this injection mode is of little benefit to improve combustor performances. The results of Test C with a circumferential fuel injection distribution displaies the possibility of ameliorating combustor performance. By analyzing the effects of injection location parameters on combustor performances on the base of the data of Test C, it is clear that the injector location has strong coupled influences on combus- tor performances. In addition, an inner-force synthesis specific impulse is used to reduce the errors caused by the disturbance of fuel supply and working state of air heater while assessing combustor performances.     

(高)超声速流动试验技术及研究进展

近年来,与高速飞行器相关的(高)超声速流动受到了极大的关注。这类流动所具有的非定常性、强梯度和可压缩性对试验方法和风洞设计技术提出了挑战。超声速纳米示踪平面激光散射(NPLS)技术是由作者所在团队研发的非接触光学测试技术。它能够以较高的空间分辨率来揭示超声速三维流场的一个瞬态剖面的时间解析的流动结构。介绍了NPLS技术以及基于NPLS开发的密度场测量、雷诺应力测量和气动光学波前测量等方法,并回顾了这些技术在超声速边界层、超声速混合层、超声速压缩拐角、激波/边界层相互作用和光学头罩绕流等流动中的应用,清晰地再现了边界层、混合层、激波等典型流场结构及其时空演化特性。另外,为了模拟和研究高空大气条件下边界层自然转捩和超声速混合层的转捩特性,介绍了高超声速静风洞、超-超混合层风洞的设计技术以及层流化喷管的设计方法。