Cimatron E在四轴零件加工中的应用

在制造业,随着加工技术的不断提高,数控三轴连动的加工方法得到了普遍应用,然而在某些行业或特殊零件的加工方面,三轴加工依然存在一些局限性.为了减少工件的装夹次数,获得连贯一致的刀具路径,以及好的表面加工质量,采用数控四轴铣削的加工方法是最好的选择之一.     

数控铣削加工中刀具的选择

在数控加工中，刀具的选择对加工效率、零件的加工质量以及能够实现正确的刀具轨迹都有直接的影响。数控加工中刀具选择除具备传统加工的选择原则外还应遵循一些特殊的原则。结合UG软件，对数控加工中刀具选择的问题从数控用铣刀的特点、刀具的材料、刀具的种类等几个方面进行了研究，给出刀具选择的一般原则。应用这一原则，利用UG软件对一个零件进行数控编程，在数控铣床上用得到的NC程序进行加工，加工结果验证了NC程序是合理的。     

透平机叶轮叶片五轴数控粗加工优化方法的研究

为提高透平机叶轮叶片的加工质量和效率,在粗加工阶段,提出采用侧铣方法代替传统五轴数控加工中点铣,实现高效加工。基于多片直纹面包络叶片型面,提出一套复杂曲面蜕变直纹面方法,并给出相应算法,实现侧铣加工。以喷推叶轮为例,采用UG-NX进行建模与数控编程,用VERICUT刀轨仿真,通过加工路径的比较,对加工效率进行量化分析。结果表明,采用分段侧铣方法,生成的刀轨刀轴矢量变化均匀,刀具和零件未发生干涉,加工效率和加工质量明显得到提高。     

新型钛合金薄壁结构件数控加工技术

通过分析钛合金蒙皮和蜂窝类零件数控加工特点并结合切削试验,对上述两类零件加工中的刀具选择、装夹定位和编程方法等问题进行了研究,为新型钛合金薄壁结构件的数控加工提供了参考依据。     

复杂异型零件小直径螺纹优质高效加工工艺研究与应用

复杂异型壳体类零件广泛应用于航空发动机控制附件,此类零件表面分布有大量小直径螺纹孔,螺纹孔加工是影响整个壳体生产加工效率和精度的核心工序。该类零件现有的加工工艺存在一致性差、加工效率低、专用夹具多、铣螺纹时易出现正锥现象等缺点。针对上述问题,提出并设计专用螺纹铣刀对小直径螺纹孔进行加工,通过宏程序编程解决刀具刃部缩短带来的编程问题,采用刃部长度为1～3个螺距的专用螺纹铣刀,同种刀具即可实现相同螺距不同规格的螺纹孔加工。通过对两个批次的零件进行实际加工验证,结果表明：工艺优化方案可使小直径螺纹孔加工质量及加工效率得到显著提升。     

复杂曲面五轴数控加工中刀具位置优化

针对复杂曲面五轴数控加工的刀具位置优化进行了研究并提出了一种基于五轴数控加工中非线性误差的分析和补偿的刀具位置优化方法。首先,简述了曲面加工中所用的平底圆角铣刀刀具位置的计算方法;然后,对刀具位置进行非线性误差分析并建立非线性误差模型,并基于这个模型得出插补段的最大非线性误差;接着通过对非线性误差模型中的非线性误差进行检测计算和补偿,最终得到满足加工精度要求的刀具位置。最后对该方法进行了模拟仿真。模拟的结果显示非线性误差的补偿对复杂曲面数控切削成形的几何精度有很重要的影响。     

复杂曲面零件五轴加工刀轴整体优化方法

 针对复杂曲面零件五轴加工中刀轴矢量变化剧烈、严重影响工件表面加工质量的问题,提出一种基于临界约束的五轴刀轴矢量整体优化方法。首先,构造了给定切触点处所有可行摆刀平面,并在摆刀平面内根据临界约束计算出临界刀轴矢量,在获得临界刀轴矢量的基础上,对其进行平面映射,建立了刀轴摆动的初始可行域;其次,通过对初始可行域进行均匀离散,根据离散点之间相对位置关系构造邻接矩阵,并结合最短路径搜索算法获得了初始参考刀轴,从而构造了新的刀轴摆动可行域;最后,建立当前切削行内无干涉且相邻刀轴变化最小的刀轴矢量优化模型,实现自由曲面五轴加工无干涉刀轴矢量的光滑控制。两种自由曲面叶轮的加工算例分析表明,采用本文方法获得的刀轴矢量可以明显改善机床的运动性能,避免了刀具干涉的产生,可提高复杂曲面零件的加工质量与效率。     

偏心车铣削技术在航空发动机机匣加工中的应用

航空发动机机匣零件的外型面主要采用车铣削的方法加工,传统加工方法中刀具的轴线通过零件的回转中心,容易导致切削状态不好和加工应力较大的问题.研究采用刀具偏心切削的加工方式,可以比较有效避免刀具零转速点接触零件,从而改善加工质量,提高加工效率.     

CAD/CAM在台体加工中的应用

结合惯性平台典型复杂零件台体的数控加工,解决了CAM加工坐标系(MCS)的设置及其与机床加工坐标系的协调一致问题、双转台式五轴铣加工中心的后置处理坐标转换问题,完成了台体的数控加工程序设计,提高了台体零件的加工效率。     

上舱门框体高速数控加工技术

就某轻型公务机上舱门框体零件所采用的高速数控加工工艺、工装的订制、加工刀具、编程、变形控制技术等方面进行研究分析,同时论述了如何解决这类零件加工难点及提高生产效率问题。     

有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计难点问题

有翼高超声速再入飞行器是近年来的研究热点,气动设计是飞行器设计的关键。为了更清楚地认识有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计的难点问题,对有翼高超声速再入飞行器的发展、优势及总体任务剖面进行了介绍,从5个方面详细介绍了该类飞行器气动设计的难点问题,包括多约束复杂面对称气动布局设计、高温真实气体效应对气动特性影响、天地差异与天地换算方法、反作用控制系统(RCS)喷流干扰对气动特性的影响以及气动数据不确定度等,简要阐明了这些难点问题对总体设计的重要性以及初步的解决思路,为有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计提供了一些参考。     

Simulation and Analysis of Crashworthiness of Fuel Tank for Helicopters

Crashworthiness requirement of fuel tanks is one of the important requirements in helicopter designs. The relations among the protection frame, textile layer and rubber layer of the fuel tank are introduced. Two appropriate FE models are established, one is for an uncovered helicopter fuel tank without protection frame, and the other is for fuel tank with protection frame. The dynamic responses of the two types of fuel tanks impinging on the ground with velocities of 17.3 m/s are numerically simulated for the purpose of analyzing energy-absorbing capabilities of the textile layer and protection frame. The feasibility of the current crashworthiness design of the fuel tank is examined though comparing the dynamic response behaviors of the two fuel tanks.     

The effect of inlet conditions on the flow and heat transfer in multiple rotating cavity with axial throughflow

This paper discusses experimental results from two different build configurations of a heated multiple rotating cavity test rig.Measurements of heat transfer from the discs and tangential velocities are presented.The test rig is a 70% full scale version of a high pressure compressor stack of an axial gas turbine engine.Of particular interest are the internal cylindrical cavities formed by adjacent discs and the interaction of these with a central axial throughflow of cooling air.Tests were carried out for a range of non-dimensional parameters representative of high pressure compressor internal air system flows(Re up to 5×106 and Rez up to 2×105).Two different builds have been tested.The most significant difference between these two build configurations is the size of the annular gap between the(non-rotating) drive shaft and the bores of the discs.The heat transfer data were obtained from thermocouple measurements of surface temperature and a conduction solution method.The velocity measurements were made using a two component,LDA system.The heat transfer results from the discs show differences between the two builds.This is attributed to the wider annular gap allowing more of the throughflow to penetrate into the cavity.There are also significant differences between the radial distributions of tangential velocity in the two builds of the test rig.For the narrow annular gap,there is an increase of non-dimensional tangential velocity V/Ωr with radial location to solid body rotation V/Ωr=1.For the wider annular gap,the non-dimensional velocities show a decrease with radial location to solid body rotation.      

突破技术趋同，波音再现竞争优势

 波音公司面临着来自空客公司的巨大挑战,企业战略性创新才是公司成功的关键。为此波音公司的全部战略性研究集中在扩大产品的差异性上,体现在3个方面：电子化（e-Enabled）运营环境、整体复合材料机身部件的制造技术和支持波音787客机的全球协同环境（GCE）。     

临近空间飞行器测控与信息传输系统频段选择

 临近空间飞行器是高性能信息化武器平台,测控（TT&;C）与信息传输系统是其信息保障的核心,而选择合理、可行的频段是展开系统设计的前提和基础。频段选择影响到整个技术方案的制定,是一个需综合考虑、影响深远并具有战略意义的关键问题,从国际电联（ITU）国际标准、高速数传、接收信噪比（SNR）、“三抗”、超视距中继、黑障、雨衰以及设备研制成熟度8个方面全面、细致论证了近空间平台测控系统的频段选择问题,最终得出在视距链路中以Ka频段为宜,在超视距链路中以Ku/Ka双频段为宜的结论。     

基于弯曲激波压缩系统的高超声速进气道反设计研究进展

总结了近十年来弯曲激波压缩研究的主要成果。提出了弯曲激波压缩系统的新概念,即利用特殊设计的楔形弯曲压缩面或空间弯曲压缩面,产生一系列与前缘弱激波相互交汇或叠加的压缩波系,从而使前缘激波弯曲,形成特殊的弯曲激波,它与波后的等熵压缩波来共同完成对气流的压缩。在此基础上,实现了由给定出口气动参数的超声速内流道反设计,实现了由给定压缩面压力分布和给定压缩面马赫数分布要求的型面反设计,实现了由给定激波波面的压缩型面反设计。研究证明,弯曲压缩面-弯曲激波压缩系统具有良好的综合气动性能,为高性能高超声速进气系统的气动设计提供了一种全新的设计方法。     

Experimental Study on Effects of Fuel Injection on Scramjet Combustor Performance

In order to investigate the effects of fuel injection distribution on the scramjet combustor performance, there are conducted three sets of test on a hydrocarbon fueled direct-connect scramjet test facility. The results of Test A, whose fuel injection is carried out with injectors located on the top-wall and the bottom-wall, show that the fuel injection with an appropriate close-front and centralized distribution would be of much help to optimize combustor performances. The results of Test B, whose fuel injection is performed at the optimal injection locations found in Test A, with a given equivalence ratio and different injection proportions for each injector, show that this injection mode is of little benefit to improve combustor performances. The results of Test C with a circumferential fuel injection distribution displaies the possibility of ameliorating combustor performance. By analyzing the effects of injection location parameters on combustor performances on the base of the data of Test C, it is clear that the injector location has strong coupled influences on combus- tor performances. In addition, an inner-force synthesis specific impulse is used to reduce the errors caused by the disturbance of fuel supply and working state of air heater while assessing combustor performances.     

(高)超声速流动试验技术及研究进展

近年来,与高速飞行器相关的(高)超声速流动受到了极大的关注。这类流动所具有的非定常性、强梯度和可压缩性对试验方法和风洞设计技术提出了挑战。超声速纳米示踪平面激光散射(NPLS)技术是由作者所在团队研发的非接触光学测试技术。它能够以较高的空间分辨率来揭示超声速三维流场的一个瞬态剖面的时间解析的流动结构。介绍了NPLS技术以及基于NPLS开发的密度场测量、雷诺应力测量和气动光学波前测量等方法,并回顾了这些技术在超声速边界层、超声速混合层、超声速压缩拐角、激波/边界层相互作用和光学头罩绕流等流动中的应用,清晰地再现了边界层、混合层、激波等典型流场结构及其时空演化特性。另外,为了模拟和研究高空大气条件下边界层自然转捩和超声速混合层的转捩特性,介绍了高超声速静风洞、超-超混合层风洞的设计技术以及层流化喷管的设计方法。     

Research on Auto-detection for Remainder Particles of Aerospace Relay Based on Wavelet Analysis

Aerospace relay is one kind of electronic components which is used widely in national defense system and aerospace system. The existence of remainder particles induces the reliability declining, which has become a severe problem in the development of aerospace relay. Traditional particle impact noise detection (PIND) method for remainder detection is ineffective for small particles, due to its low precision and involvement of subjective factors. An auto-detection method for PIND output signals is proposed in this paper, which is based on direct wavelet de-noising (DWD), cross-correlation analysis (CCA) and homo-filtering (HF), the method enhances the affectiv-ity of PIND test about the small particles. In the end, some practical PIND output signals are analysed, and the validity of this new method is proved.