发动机叶片气相渗铝工艺研究

为提高发动机叶片抗高温氧化和抗燃气腐蚀的能力,选用发动机叶片气相渗铝工艺,通过模拟生产的工艺试验,以试验数据及现象为依据,客观分析了渗铝的加热温度、保温时间及渗铝剂的用量等因素对渗铝层深度的影响,从而确定某型发动机叶片气相渗铝时的热处理参数。     

含铼单晶高温合金铝化物涂层的高温氧化行为

采用低压气相沉积法,在镍基高温合金DD32上制备铝化物涂层.涂层外层为β-NiAl,内层(扩散层)宽度接近外层,富集Re.在900℃,1000℃氧化500小时后,表面氧化膜为致密的α-Al2O3 和针状的θ-Al2O3,氧化动力学基本符合抛物线规律.氧化后的铝化物涂层外层为β-NiAl,有贫Al的Ni3Al沿晶界析出;内层(扩散层)母体为Ni3Al,并析出块状的富Re和W的化合物.     

微晶钛合金薄板粉末包埋渗铝及铝硅共渗研究

采用粉末包埋法对电子束物理气相(EB- PVD)制备钛合金薄板在620℃分别进行6h渗铝及铝硅共渗,采用XRD、SEM等对EB- PVD制备钛合金薄板显微组织以及粉末包埋法渗铝及Al- Si共渗后的钛合金薄板显微组织结构进行研究.结果表明,微晶合金可以在620℃实现渗铝和铝硅共渗.渗铝层的相结构主要为Al3 Ti相,但由于渗层Al3 Ti相为脆性相,在渗后冷却过程中热应力的作用下,易产生裂纹.铝硅共渗层的相结构主要为Al3 Ti和Ti5 Si3相,由于Si存在渗层中,渗层中不存在裂纹.     

GH4199合金渗铝工艺研究

主要针对渗铝工艺中不同渗铝温度、保温时间对GH4199合金组织、性能影响进行试验,试验结果表明渗层组织由表及里分别为：表层主要为富铝的NiAl相,向内的过渡层和扩散层为富Cr相、碳化物、NiAl相和Ni3Al相等。渗层厚度的变化主要与温度和时间有关,同一渗铝温度下,随着渗铝时间的增加渗铝层深度增加;同一渗铝时间,随着渗铝温度的提高渗铝层深度增加。经渗铝处理后,室温拉伸强度提高,拉伸塑性降低。900℃拉伸强度降低,拉伸塑性提高;持久寿命稍降低,塑性提高。     

DZ125定向凝固高温合金的研究

研究了可用作先进航空发动机定向薄壁空心叶片的DZ125合金,该合金具有高的综合性能,其力学性能水平高于国内外广泛应用的同类商用典型定向合金,同时具有良好的定向铸造工艺性能和高的薄壁力学性能.合金已用于铸造某航空发动机的具有复杂内腔的薄壁定向叶片,并已通过台架试车,投入小批量生产.     

多次渗铝对涡轮叶片疲劳性能的影响

试验结果表明渗铝次数越多高周疲劳性能下降越多，七次渗铝后疲劳极限比第一次渗铝后的疲劳极限降低１２％。这种变化与渗铝层深度增加，缺陷增多而诱导疲劳裂纹提前萌生，以及基体局部区域γ’相粗化而不利于阻碍疲劳裂纹的发展有关。     

修理工艺对K403榫头渗铝叶片疲劳性能的影响

某型航空发动机涡轮叶片榫头渗铝,导致叶片疲劳性能下降,无法满足使用要求。为了提高叶片的疲劳性能,设计了修理工艺,对修复后的叶片进行硬度检测、振动疲劳试验和疲劳断口金相分析,以研究修理工艺对叶片硬度影响层深度、振动疲劳寿命和裂纹萌生扩展的影响,试验结果证明了修复后叶片的疲劳寿命满足使用要求。     

Ru对DD22镍基单晶高温合金组织和持久性能的影响

通过对两种不同Ru含量(0％和2％,质量分数)的新一代镍基单晶高温合金DD22铸态及热处理态组织定量表征与1100～ 1150 ℃持久性能测试,研究了Ru对相转变温度、(γ+γ')共晶组织、凝固偏析、合金元素相成分、合金元素分配比及持久性能的影响.结果表明:Ru降低了合金的固液相线、铸态共晶组织体积分数以及凝固偏析程度.合金热处理后,与无Ru合金相比,含Ru合金γ '尺寸更为细小,γ/γ'两相中对TCP相析出有重要影响的Re和Cr元素分配更加均匀.Ru通过降低γ'相尺寸,增加γ/γ'错配度,提高固溶强化效果,抑制持久加载过程中TCP相析出,显著提高DD22合金持久性能.     

单晶高温合金铂改性铝化物涂层的高温氧化行为

采用化学气相沉积(CVD)方法在单晶高温合金基体上分别制备了单一铝化物和铂改性铝化物涂层,研究了1050℃下两种涂层在空气中的高温氧化行为。采用X-射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、能谱仪(EDS)等方法分析了铝化物涂层在氧化过程中相成分和显微组织的演变规律,结果表明:经1050℃氧化250h后,两种涂层的氧化动力学曲线均符合抛物线演变规律,Pt-Al涂层的抗氧化性能相对于单一Al涂层提高了2倍以上;涂层主要由β、γ'和α-Al2O3三种物相组成;随着氧化时间的延长,两种涂层表面均出现了氧化膜的脱落现象,但Pt-Al涂层表面氧化膜的脱落面积较小;涂层中相变过程的产生、γ'相贯穿整个涂层和混合氧化物层过早形成是导致铝化物涂层氧化剥落失效的主要原因。Pt元素的加入既可减缓β→γ'的相变速率,又可有效阻挡基体中难熔金属元素的外扩散行为,保证了高质量α-Al2O3保护膜的生成。     

稀土氧化物改性氧化锆/铂铝热障涂层的制备及其高温性能

针对我国某型航空发动机涡轮叶片用DZ125与DZ406高温合金,开展了稀土氧化物改性氧化锆/铂铝热障涂层体系的制备工艺及涂层高温性能研究。采用电镀Pt和气相渗铝的工艺制备了PtAl金属粘结层,研究了镀Pt前处理、不同镀Pt层厚度以及渗铝温度等关键工艺参数对涂层的微观结构和抗高温氧化性能的影响规律。采用优化后的涂层工艺制备的PtAl粘结层在1150℃时的抗氧化性能优异。采用电子束物理气相沉积（EB–PVD）在PtAl粘结层表面制备了稀土氧化物改性的氧化锆（GYb–YSZ）陶瓷涂层。由GYb–YSZ和Pt Al组成的热障涂层在1050℃热循环4320次（1050℃保温时间720 h）后,涂层表面状态完好,未发现明显剥落现象,表明该热障涂层体系具备良好的热循环性能。     

The effect of inlet conditions on the flow and heat transfer in multiple rotating cavity with axial throughflow

This paper discusses experimental results from two different build configurations of a heated multiple rotating cavity test rig.Measurements of heat transfer from the discs and tangential velocities are presented.The test rig is a 70% full scale version of a high pressure compressor stack of an axial gas turbine engine.Of particular interest are the internal cylindrical cavities formed by adjacent discs and the interaction of these with a central axial throughflow of cooling air.Tests were carried out for a range of non-dimensional parameters representative of high pressure compressor internal air system flows(Re up to 5×106 and Rez up to 2×105).Two different builds have been tested.The most significant difference between these two build configurations is the size of the annular gap between the(non-rotating) drive shaft and the bores of the discs.The heat transfer data were obtained from thermocouple measurements of surface temperature and a conduction solution method.The velocity measurements were made using a two component,LDA system.The heat transfer results from the discs show differences between the two builds.This is attributed to the wider annular gap allowing more of the throughflow to penetrate into the cavity.There are also significant differences between the radial distributions of tangential velocity in the two builds of the test rig.For the narrow annular gap,there is an increase of non-dimensional tangential velocity V/Ωr with radial location to solid body rotation V/Ωr=1.For the wider annular gap,the non-dimensional velocities show a decrease with radial location to solid body rotation.      

Research on Auto-detection for Remainder Particles of Aerospace Relay Based on Wavelet Analysis

Aerospace relay is one kind of electronic components which is used widely in national defense system and aerospace system. The existence of remainder particles induces the reliability declining, which has become a severe problem in the development of aerospace relay. Traditional particle impact noise detection (PIND) method for remainder detection is ineffective for small particles, due to its low precision and involvement of subjective factors. An auto-detection method for PIND output signals is proposed in this paper, which is based on direct wavelet de-noising (DWD), cross-correlation analysis (CCA) and homo-filtering (HF), the method enhances the affectiv-ity of PIND test about the small particles. In the end, some practical PIND output signals are analysed, and the validity of this new method is proved.     

Preparation of Highly Dispersed Antimony-doped Tin Oxide Nano-powder via Ion-exchange Hydrolysis of SnCl4 and SbCl3 and Azeotropic Drying

Antimony-doped tin hydroxide colloid precipitates have been synthesized by hydrolysis of SnCl4 and SbCl3 using: (1) an ion-exchange hydrolysis to remove chlorine ions, and (2) isoamyl acetate as an azeotropic solvent to obviate water. The obtained dried powder is of high dispersivity without any need for further grinding. The size and dispersivity of the final particles are investigated with the aid of TG-DTA, BET, XRD and TEM. After having calcined, the antimony-doped tin oxide nanopowder possesses a tetragonal rutile structure with high dispersivity, uniform particles and low hard agglomeration.     

Effects of Mo on the Microstructure and Hydrogen Sorption Properties of Ti-Mo Getters

The effects of Mo on the microstructure evolution, porosity and hydrogen sorption properties of Ti-Mo getters are investigated in this work. The results show that the addition of Mo prolongs the densification process of Ti-Mo getters and results in a significant amount of sintered pores. With the Mo content increasing, the porosity of getters firstly increases reaching the maximum value as it at- tains about 7.5wt.%, and then drops. At the room temperature, the hydrogen sorption property of getters increases progressively with the Mo content increasing, but the tendency is not very clear before its content lies below 2.5wt.%. When the Mo content achieves about 7.5wt.%, the hydrogen sorption property proves to be the best. The discussion is made about the above mentioned phenomena inclusive of hydrogen sorption properties of getters under different activation conditions (from 500-750 ℃).     

超声速燃烧数值模拟中的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型

高精度数值模拟有助于理解超声速湍流燃烧中湍流与化学反应的相互作用,可为发动机燃烧室等工程应用设计提供可靠的预测模型。除直接数值模拟外,目前在湍流燃烧应用中使用的大涡模拟和雷诺平均Navier-Stokes模拟均需要借助模型模化发生在湍流小尺度上的流动与化学反应过程对湍流大尺度运动的影响。现有的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型大致可分为:火焰面类模型和概率密度函数类模型,2类模型在不同的应用中各自具有优势和局限性。此外,现有模型大都基于低马赫数燃烧,而超声速燃烧中通常会伴随快速混合、局部熄火和再着火以及激波等复杂过程,这为发展其中的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型提出了更多的挑战。     

适于低轨卫星IP网络的单核共享树组播算法(英文)

为了解决低轨卫星IP网络中现有典型源组播算法的信道资源浪费问题,本文提出了一套单核共享树组播算法,即核心群合并共享树(CCST)和加权核心群合并共享树(w-CCST)算法。CCST 算法包括动态近似中心(DAC)选核方法和核心群合并组播路径构建方法。DAC方法专为周期、规律运动的低轨卫星网络提出,不需要复杂的星上计算。在核心群合并方法中,以核节点作为初始核心群,通过核心群和剩余组成员的最短路径方法逐步扩展直至整棵组播树构建完成,从而使得组播树的树代价最小,大大提高了网络的带宽利用率和组播传输效率。w-CCST 算法中所提出的加权因子可以调整树代价和端到端传播时延之间的折衷程度,因此,可以通过调整加权因子来适度增大树代价、降低端到端传播时延以支持某些端到端时延要求苛刻的实时组播业务。最后,与低轨卫星 IP 网络中典型算法进行了性能比较,仿真结果说明,CCST 算法的平均树代价比其它算法显著降低,w-CCST 算法的平均端到端传播时延小于 CCST 算法。     

Jet Vectoring Control Using a Novel Synthetic Jet Actuator

A primary air jet vectoring control system with a novel synthetic jet actuator (SJA) is presented and simulated numerically. The results show that, in comparison with an existing traditional synthetic jet actuator, which is able to perform the duty of either “push” or “pull”, one novel synthetic jet actuator can fulfill both “push” and “pull” functions to vector the primary jet by shifting a slide block inside it. Therefore, because the new actuator possesses greater efficiency, it has potentiality to replace the existing one in various appli- cations, such as thrust vectoring and the reduction of thermal signature. Moreover, as the novel actuator can fulfill those functions that the existing one can not, it may well be expected to popularize it into more flow control systems.     

Nonlinear Adaptive Slewing Motion Control of Spacecraft Truss Driven by Synchronous V-gimbaled CMG Precession

The slewing motion control of a truss arm driven by a V-gimbaled control-moment-gyro (CMG) is a nonlinear control problem. The V-gimbaled CMG consists of a pair of gyros that must precess synchronously. The moment of inertia of the system, the angular momentum of the gyros and the external disturbances are not exactly known. With the help of feedback linearization and recursive Lyapunov design method, an adaptive nonlinear controller is designed to deal with the unknown items. Performance of the proposed controller is verified by simulation.     

An SOR Implicit Time-accurate Scheme in Calculating Unsteady Flows

A new time-accurate marching scheme for unsteady flow calculations is proposed in the present work. This method is the combination of classical Successive Over-Relaxation (SOR) iteration method and Jacobian matrix diagonally dominant splitting method of LUSGS. One advantage of this algorithm is the second-order accuracy because of no factorization error. Another advantage is the low computational cost because the Jacobian matrices and fluxes are only calculated once in each physical time step. And, the SOR algorithm has better convergence property than Gauss-Seidel. To investigate its accuracy and convergency, several unsteady flow computa- tional tests are carried out by using the proposed SOR algorithm. Roe’s FDS scheme is used to discritize the inviscid flux terms. Un- steady computational results of SOR are compared with the experiment results and those of Gauss-Seidel. Results reveal that the numerical results agree well with the experimental data and the second-order accuracy can be obtained as the Gauss-Seidel for unsteady flow computations. The impact of SOR factor is investigated for unsteady computations by using different SOR factors in this algorithm to simulate each computational test. Different numbers of inner iterations are needed to converge to the same criterion for different SOR factors and optimal choice of SOR factor can improve the computational efficiency greatly.