某型航空发动机涡轮叶片榫头表面铝含量与渗铝层深度关系研究

针对某型航空发动机涡轮叶片榫头渗铝故障,收集叶片榫头表面铝含量与渗铝层深度的离散数据,利用散点图观察样本分布,结合反应扩散理论和数理统计方法,对数据进行归纳分析,找出相应函数系数,建立函数关系式,得出叶片榫头表面铝含量与渗铝层深度的关系,为制订因该故障导致的发动机返厂检查处理流程及技术措施提供有力支撑。     

发动机叶片气相渗铝工艺研究

为提高发动机叶片抗高温氧化和抗燃气腐蚀的能力,选用发动机叶片气相渗铝工艺,通过模拟生产的工艺试验,以试验数据及现象为依据,客观分析了渗铝的加热温度、保温时间及渗铝剂的用量等因素对渗铝层深度的影响,从而确定某型发动机叶片气相渗铝时的热处理参数。     

含铼单晶高温合金铝化物涂层的高温氧化行为

采用低压气相沉积法,在镍基高温合金DD32上制备铝化物涂层.涂层外层为β-NiAl,内层(扩散层)宽度接近外层,富集Re.在900℃,1000℃氧化500小时后,表面氧化膜为致密的α-Al2O3 和针状的θ-Al2O3,氧化动力学基本符合抛物线规律.氧化后的铝化物涂层外层为β-NiAl,有贫Al的Ni3Al沿晶界析出;内层(扩散层)母体为Ni3Al,并析出块状的富Re和W的化合物.     

微晶钛合金薄板粉末包埋渗铝及铝硅共渗研究

采用粉末包埋法对电子束物理气相(EB- PVD)制备钛合金薄板在620℃分别进行6h渗铝及铝硅共渗,采用XRD、SEM等对EB- PVD制备钛合金薄板显微组织以及粉末包埋法渗铝及Al- Si共渗后的钛合金薄板显微组织结构进行研究.结果表明,微晶合金可以在620℃实现渗铝和铝硅共渗.渗铝层的相结构主要为Al3 Ti相,但由于渗层Al3 Ti相为脆性相,在渗后冷却过程中热应力的作用下,易产生裂纹.铝硅共渗层的相结构主要为Al3 Ti和Ti5 Si3相,由于Si存在渗层中,渗层中不存在裂纹.     

GH4199合金渗铝工艺研究

主要针对渗铝工艺中不同渗铝温度、保温时间对GH4199合金组织、性能影响进行试验,试验结果表明渗层组织由表及里分别为：表层主要为富铝的NiAl相,向内的过渡层和扩散层为富Cr相、碳化物、NiAl相和Ni3Al相等。渗层厚度的变化主要与温度和时间有关,同一渗铝温度下,随着渗铝时间的增加渗铝层深度增加;同一渗铝时间,随着渗铝温度的提高渗铝层深度增加。经渗铝处理后,室温拉伸强度提高,拉伸塑性降低。900℃拉伸强度降低,拉伸塑性提高;持久寿命稍降低,塑性提高。     

DZ125定向凝固高温合金的研究

研究了可用作先进航空发动机定向薄壁空心叶片的DZ125合金,该合金具有高的综合性能,其力学性能水平高于国内外广泛应用的同类商用典型定向合金,同时具有良好的定向铸造工艺性能和高的薄壁力学性能.合金已用于铸造某航空发动机的具有复杂内腔的薄壁定向叶片,并已通过台架试车,投入小批量生产.     

多次渗铝对涡轮叶片疲劳性能的影响

试验结果表明渗铝次数越多高周疲劳性能下降越多，七次渗铝后疲劳极限比第一次渗铝后的疲劳极限降低１２％。这种变化与渗铝层深度增加，缺陷增多而诱导疲劳裂纹提前萌生，以及基体局部区域γ’相粗化而不利于阻碍疲劳裂纹的发展有关。     

修理工艺对K403榫头渗铝叶片疲劳性能的影响

某型航空发动机涡轮叶片榫头渗铝,导致叶片疲劳性能下降,无法满足使用要求。为了提高叶片的疲劳性能,设计了修理工艺,对修复后的叶片进行硬度检测、振动疲劳试验和疲劳断口金相分析,以研究修理工艺对叶片硬度影响层深度、振动疲劳寿命和裂纹萌生扩展的影响,试验结果证明了修复后叶片的疲劳寿命满足使用要求。     

Ru对DD22镍基单晶高温合金组织和持久性能的影响

通过对两种不同Ru含量(0％和2％,质量分数)的新一代镍基单晶高温合金DD22铸态及热处理态组织定量表征与1100～ 1150 ℃持久性能测试,研究了Ru对相转变温度、(γ+γ')共晶组织、凝固偏析、合金元素相成分、合金元素分配比及持久性能的影响.结果表明:Ru降低了合金的固液相线、铸态共晶组织体积分数以及凝固偏析程度.合金热处理后,与无Ru合金相比,含Ru合金γ '尺寸更为细小,γ/γ'两相中对TCP相析出有重要影响的Re和Cr元素分配更加均匀.Ru通过降低γ'相尺寸,增加γ/γ'错配度,提高固溶强化效果,抑制持久加载过程中TCP相析出,显著提高DD22合金持久性能.     

单晶高温合金铂改性铝化物涂层的高温氧化行为

采用化学气相沉积(CVD)方法在单晶高温合金基体上分别制备了单一铝化物和铂改性铝化物涂层,研究了1050℃下两种涂层在空气中的高温氧化行为。采用X-射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、能谱仪(EDS)等方法分析了铝化物涂层在氧化过程中相成分和显微组织的演变规律,结果表明:经1050℃氧化250h后,两种涂层的氧化动力学曲线均符合抛物线演变规律,Pt-Al涂层的抗氧化性能相对于单一Al涂层提高了2倍以上;涂层主要由β、γ'和α-Al2O3三种物相组成;随着氧化时间的延长,两种涂层表面均出现了氧化膜的脱落现象,但Pt-Al涂层表面氧化膜的脱落面积较小;涂层中相变过程的产生、γ'相贯穿整个涂层和混合氧化物层过早形成是导致铝化物涂层氧化剥落失效的主要原因。Pt元素的加入既可减缓β→γ'的相变速率,又可有效阻挡基体中难熔金属元素的外扩散行为,保证了高质量α-Al2O3保护膜的生成。     

有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计难点问题

有翼高超声速再入飞行器是近年来的研究热点,气动设计是飞行器设计的关键。为了更清楚地认识有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计的难点问题,对有翼高超声速再入飞行器的发展、优势及总体任务剖面进行了介绍,从5个方面详细介绍了该类飞行器气动设计的难点问题,包括多约束复杂面对称气动布局设计、高温真实气体效应对气动特性影响、天地差异与天地换算方法、反作用控制系统(RCS)喷流干扰对气动特性的影响以及气动数据不确定度等,简要阐明了这些难点问题对总体设计的重要性以及初步的解决思路,为有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计提供了一些参考。     

Simulation and Analysis of Crashworthiness of Fuel Tank for Helicopters

Crashworthiness requirement of fuel tanks is one of the important requirements in helicopter designs. The relations among the protection frame, textile layer and rubber layer of the fuel tank are introduced. Two appropriate FE models are established, one is for an uncovered helicopter fuel tank without protection frame, and the other is for fuel tank with protection frame. The dynamic responses of the two types of fuel tanks impinging on the ground with velocities of 17.3 m/s are numerically simulated for the purpose of analyzing energy-absorbing capabilities of the textile layer and protection frame. The feasibility of the current crashworthiness design of the fuel tank is examined though comparing the dynamic response behaviors of the two fuel tanks.     

The effect of inlet conditions on the flow and heat transfer in multiple rotating cavity with axial throughflow

This paper discusses experimental results from two different build configurations of a heated multiple rotating cavity test rig.Measurements of heat transfer from the discs and tangential velocities are presented.The test rig is a 70% full scale version of a high pressure compressor stack of an axial gas turbine engine.Of particular interest are the internal cylindrical cavities formed by adjacent discs and the interaction of these with a central axial throughflow of cooling air.Tests were carried out for a range of non-dimensional parameters representative of high pressure compressor internal air system flows(Re up to 5×106 and Rez up to 2×105).Two different builds have been tested.The most significant difference between these two build configurations is the size of the annular gap between the(non-rotating) drive shaft and the bores of the discs.The heat transfer data were obtained from thermocouple measurements of surface temperature and a conduction solution method.The velocity measurements were made using a two component,LDA system.The heat transfer results from the discs show differences between the two builds.This is attributed to the wider annular gap allowing more of the throughflow to penetrate into the cavity.There are also significant differences between the radial distributions of tangential velocity in the two builds of the test rig.For the narrow annular gap,there is an increase of non-dimensional tangential velocity V/Ωr with radial location to solid body rotation V/Ωr=1.For the wider annular gap,the non-dimensional velocities show a decrease with radial location to solid body rotation.      

ν-gap度量及其在飞行控制律评估中的应用

 传统控制律评估方法主要用于单输入单输出（SISO）系统，且对模型参数摄动考虑不够全面,针对这些不足，研究了ν-gap度量方法。在介绍系统广义稳定裕度相关概念的基础上，给出了ν-gap度量的定义、特点和性质以及近似摄动模型的计算，提出ν-gap度量评估控制律的步骤。实例结果表明，该方法不仅克服了上述传统评估方法的缺陷，而且还有根据所求的各摄动影响情况忽略影响小的元素，以减少计算量及可以找到最坏情况下的参数摄动组合等优点。     

突破技术趋同，波音再现竞争优势

 波音公司面临着来自空客公司的巨大挑战,企业战略性创新才是公司成功的关键。为此波音公司的全部战略性研究集中在扩大产品的差异性上,体现在3个方面：电子化（e-Enabled）运营环境、整体复合材料机身部件的制造技术和支持波音787客机的全球协同环境（GCE）。     

临近空间飞行器测控与信息传输系统频段选择

 临近空间飞行器是高性能信息化武器平台,测控（TT&;C）与信息传输系统是其信息保障的核心,而选择合理、可行的频段是展开系统设计的前提和基础。频段选择影响到整个技术方案的制定,是一个需综合考虑、影响深远并具有战略意义的关键问题,从国际电联（ITU）国际标准、高速数传、接收信噪比（SNR）、“三抗”、超视距中继、黑障、雨衰以及设备研制成熟度8个方面全面、细致论证了近空间平台测控系统的频段选择问题,最终得出在视距链路中以Ka频段为宜,在超视距链路中以Ku/Ka双频段为宜的结论。     

基于弯曲激波压缩系统的高超声速进气道反设计研究进展

总结了近十年来弯曲激波压缩研究的主要成果。提出了弯曲激波压缩系统的新概念,即利用特殊设计的楔形弯曲压缩面或空间弯曲压缩面,产生一系列与前缘弱激波相互交汇或叠加的压缩波系,从而使前缘激波弯曲,形成特殊的弯曲激波,它与波后的等熵压缩波来共同完成对气流的压缩。在此基础上,实现了由给定出口气动参数的超声速内流道反设计,实现了由给定压缩面压力分布和给定压缩面马赫数分布要求的型面反设计,实现了由给定激波波面的压缩型面反设计。研究证明,弯曲压缩面-弯曲激波压缩系统具有良好的综合气动性能,为高性能高超声速进气系统的气动设计提供了一种全新的设计方法。     

Integrated Entry Guidance for Reusable Launch Vehicle

A method for the implementation of integrated three-degree-of-freedom constrained entry guidance for reusable launch vehicle is presented. Given any feasible entry conditions, terminal area energy management interface conditions, and the reference trajectory generated onboard then, the method can generate a longitudinal guidance profile rapidly, featuring linear quadratic regular method and a proportional-integral-derivative tracking law with time-varying gains, which satisfies all the entry corridor constraints and meets the requirements with high precision. Afterwards, by utilizing special features of crossrange parameter, establishing bank-reversal corridor, and determining bank-reversals according to dynamically adjusted method, the algorithm enables the lateral entry guidance system to fly a wide range of missions and provides reliable and good performance in the presence of significant aerodynamic modeling uncertainty. Fast trajectory guidance profiles and simulations with a reusable launch vehicle model for various missions and aerodynamic uncertain-ties are presented to demonstrate the capacity and reliability of this method.     

Experimental Study on Effects of Fuel Injection on Scramjet Combustor Performance

In order to investigate the effects of fuel injection distribution on the scramjet combustor performance, there are conducted three sets of test on a hydrocarbon fueled direct-connect scramjet test facility. The results of Test A, whose fuel injection is carried out with injectors located on the top-wall and the bottom-wall, show that the fuel injection with an appropriate close-front and centralized distribution would be of much help to optimize combustor performances. The results of Test B, whose fuel injection is performed at the optimal injection locations found in Test A, with a given equivalence ratio and different injection proportions for each injector, show that this injection mode is of little benefit to improve combustor performances. The results of Test C with a circumferential fuel injection distribution displaies the possibility of ameliorating combustor performance. By analyzing the effects of injection location parameters on combustor performances on the base of the data of Test C, it is clear that the injector location has strong coupled influences on combus- tor performances. In addition, an inner-force synthesis specific impulse is used to reduce the errors caused by the disturbance of fuel supply and working state of air heater while assessing combustor performances.     

(高)超声速流动试验技术及研究进展

近年来,与高速飞行器相关的(高)超声速流动受到了极大的关注。这类流动所具有的非定常性、强梯度和可压缩性对试验方法和风洞设计技术提出了挑战。超声速纳米示踪平面激光散射(NPLS)技术是由作者所在团队研发的非接触光学测试技术。它能够以较高的空间分辨率来揭示超声速三维流场的一个瞬态剖面的时间解析的流动结构。介绍了NPLS技术以及基于NPLS开发的密度场测量、雷诺应力测量和气动光学波前测量等方法,并回顾了这些技术在超声速边界层、超声速混合层、超声速压缩拐角、激波/边界层相互作用和光学头罩绕流等流动中的应用,清晰地再现了边界层、混合层、激波等典型流场结构及其时空演化特性。另外,为了模拟和研究高空大气条件下边界层自然转捩和超声速混合层的转捩特性,介绍了高超声速静风洞、超-超混合层风洞的设计技术以及层流化喷管的设计方法。