T型航空铝合金结构件淬火残余应力数值模拟分析

运用ABAQUS有限元软件建立了T型航空7050铝合金构件淬火残余应力模型,得到了构件在淬火过程中的冷却曲线和不同部位的残余应力分布规律.结果表明:T型构件无论是肋部位还是腹板部位在淬火过程中均呈现出表面压应力,芯部拉应力的整体分布规律.但由于零件的复杂性,肋部位的塑性应变相对集中,导致其无论是表面还是芯部,产生的淬火残余应力均大于腹板部位的残余应力,且在整个淬火过程中分布规律相对复杂.     

固化工艺影响L形复合材料制件固化变形研究

通过数值模拟方法,利用ABAQUS有限元仿真软件,模拟含R角的复合材料构件的固化过程.根据已有的固化工艺,比较不同工艺条件对复合材料构件固化过程中的温度场和固化度场及变形的影响.结果表明,合理地降低固化工艺温度和固化冷却速率可以减少残余应力的积累,缓解固化变形.     

航空薄壁回转体零件热处理残余应力的建模与仿真

航空薄壁回转体零件由于自身结构的特殊性,使得残余应力对其变形和精度稳定性有着很大的影响.采用热弹塑性有限元模型对薄壁回转体铝合金零件的热处理过程进行建模和仿真,运用有限元软件,对2A12铝合金薄壁回转体零件热处理过程瞬态温度场和应力场进行模拟,分析了热处理各个阶段的应力分布形态,并进行实验验证,数值模拟得到的残余应力值与实验结果基本一致.     

铝合金厚板淬火残余应力的有限元模拟及其对加工变形的影响

航空整体结构件在加工过程中容易发生较大变形。为了研究毛坯的初始残余应力对整体结构件加工变形的影响,采用准耦合方法,利用有限元软件ABAQUS模拟7075铝合金毛坯的淬火过程,研究该过程中温度的变化和残余应力的分布规律,并在含有淬火残余应力的毛坯上进行材料去除模拟。结果表明,模拟产生的比例件的变形与实际加工的比例件的变形非常近似,从而证明了毛坯的初始残余应力是引起整体结构件加工变形的主要因素,同时验证了准耦合淬火模拟的有效性。     

工件淬火过程表面综合换热系数的测算

表面换热系数是温度场计算中一个重要参数,它的取值将直接影响到温度场计算的精度。为了得到表面换热系数与温度变化的关系,采用非线性估算法,编制计算程序,基于工件淬火过程的实测温度值,对工件在不同淬火介质中冷却过程的表面换热系数值随温度的变化进行了测算,得出了换热系数在冷却过程不同阶段的变化规律。     

孔挤压强化残余应力场的三维有限元模拟和实验研究

运用有限元软件ANSYS建立了孔挤压强化残余应力场的三维有限元模型,模拟计算了不同厚度7050-T7451铝合金构件孔挤压强化的三维残余应力场分布.模拟结果表明,孔边残余应力沿厚度方向呈梯度分布,人口残余压应力最小,是易于产生裂纹的部位;入口残余压应力随构件厚度增加而增大,达到最大值后,随厚度增加而减小并逐渐趋于稳定值...     

薄壁构件单面铣削残余应力变形有限元模拟与试验研究

提出了基于残余应力分层加载的残余应力变形仿真流程,建立了薄壁构件加工残余应力引起变形的有限元模型,对预测的变形值进行分析并得到了变形规律。通过GH4169薄壁构件单面铣削试验,对残余应力变形进行了测试,与有限元模拟结果相比,数值模拟结果具有较高的准确性。     

预拉伸条件下铝合金焊接残余应力的数值模拟

利用ANSYS有限元分析软件,通过APDL语言编程,实现了不同预拉伸应力条件下铝合金平板对接焊过程中,温度场及应力场的模拟分析.计算结果表明,预拉伸焊接法可以有效地控制焊接残余应力,随着预拉伸应力的增大,其焊后残余应力值逐渐减小.当预拉伸应力σP从0增加到90%σ0.2时,纵向残余应力降低了85.6%.模拟分析结果与实验测试结果基本吻合.     

大型铝合金框梁结构航空模锻件淬火残余应力分析

开展了新型7085铝合金材料高温拉伸试验,得到了其基本性能参数与力学模型,运用ABAQUS有限元软件对7085铝合金框梁结构航空模锻件淬火过程进行了数值仿真,研究了淬火工艺参数与方式对残余应力分布规律的影响.研究表明:框梁结构航空模锻件淬火残余应力主要集中于腹板与筋板交汇处,呈现外压内拉的分布特点;淬火温度对残余应力有显著影响,提高淬火温度可有效降低残余应力;固溶温度对淬火残余应力的影响较小,对于大尺寸框梁模锻件,入水方式及转移时间对淬火残余应力的影响甚微.     

对流换热对ZrO_2-8%Y_2O_3涂层系统力学性能的影响

为了研究等离子喷涂ZrO2-8%(质量分数)Y2O3热障涂层系统在对流换热过程中的力学性能,以涡轮机叶片热障涂层为分析对象,结合传热学理论,通过热-结构耦合有限元计算方法对涂层与环境换热过程进行模拟仿真,重点分析换热系数以及升温速率对叶片残余应力演变的影响。研究结果表明,涂层上表面对流换热系数越大,在升温结束时残余应力越大。对流换热系数固定时,随着升温速率的提高,最大残余应力先增大再减小,给出了对流换热系数以及升温速率的合理区域。     

有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计难点问题

有翼高超声速再入飞行器是近年来的研究热点,气动设计是飞行器设计的关键。为了更清楚地认识有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计的难点问题,对有翼高超声速再入飞行器的发展、优势及总体任务剖面进行了介绍,从5个方面详细介绍了该类飞行器气动设计的难点问题,包括多约束复杂面对称气动布局设计、高温真实气体效应对气动特性影响、天地差异与天地换算方法、反作用控制系统(RCS)喷流干扰对气动特性的影响以及气动数据不确定度等,简要阐明了这些难点问题对总体设计的重要性以及初步的解决思路,为有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计提供了一些参考。     

Simulation and Analysis of Crashworthiness of Fuel Tank for Helicopters

Crashworthiness requirement of fuel tanks is one of the important requirements in helicopter designs. The relations among the protection frame, textile layer and rubber layer of the fuel tank are introduced. Two appropriate FE models are established, one is for an uncovered helicopter fuel tank without protection frame, and the other is for fuel tank with protection frame. The dynamic responses of the two types of fuel tanks impinging on the ground with velocities of 17.3 m/s are numerically simulated for the purpose of analyzing energy-absorbing capabilities of the textile layer and protection frame. The feasibility of the current crashworthiness design of the fuel tank is examined though comparing the dynamic response behaviors of the two fuel tanks.     

The effect of inlet conditions on the flow and heat transfer in multiple rotating cavity with axial throughflow

This paper discusses experimental results from two different build configurations of a heated multiple rotating cavity test rig.Measurements of heat transfer from the discs and tangential velocities are presented.The test rig is a 70% full scale version of a high pressure compressor stack of an axial gas turbine engine.Of particular interest are the internal cylindrical cavities formed by adjacent discs and the interaction of these with a central axial throughflow of cooling air.Tests were carried out for a range of non-dimensional parameters representative of high pressure compressor internal air system flows(Re up to 5×106 and Rez up to 2×105).Two different builds have been tested.The most significant difference between these two build configurations is the size of the annular gap between the(non-rotating) drive shaft and the bores of the discs.The heat transfer data were obtained from thermocouple measurements of surface temperature and a conduction solution method.The velocity measurements were made using a two component,LDA system.The heat transfer results from the discs show differences between the two builds.This is attributed to the wider annular gap allowing more of the throughflow to penetrate into the cavity.There are also significant differences between the radial distributions of tangential velocity in the two builds of the test rig.For the narrow annular gap,there is an increase of non-dimensional tangential velocity V/Ωr with radial location to solid body rotation V/Ωr=1.For the wider annular gap,the non-dimensional velocities show a decrease with radial location to solid body rotation.      

ν-gap度量及其在飞行控制律评估中的应用

 传统控制律评估方法主要用于单输入单输出（SISO）系统，且对模型参数摄动考虑不够全面,针对这些不足，研究了ν-gap度量方法。在介绍系统广义稳定裕度相关概念的基础上，给出了ν-gap度量的定义、特点和性质以及近似摄动模型的计算，提出ν-gap度量评估控制律的步骤。实例结果表明，该方法不仅克服了上述传统评估方法的缺陷，而且还有根据所求的各摄动影响情况忽略影响小的元素，以减少计算量及可以找到最坏情况下的参数摄动组合等优点。     

突破技术趋同，波音再现竞争优势

 波音公司面临着来自空客公司的巨大挑战,企业战略性创新才是公司成功的关键。为此波音公司的全部战略性研究集中在扩大产品的差异性上,体现在3个方面：电子化（e-Enabled）运营环境、整体复合材料机身部件的制造技术和支持波音787客机的全球协同环境（GCE）。     

临近空间飞行器测控与信息传输系统频段选择

 临近空间飞行器是高性能信息化武器平台,测控（TT&;C）与信息传输系统是其信息保障的核心,而选择合理、可行的频段是展开系统设计的前提和基础。频段选择影响到整个技术方案的制定,是一个需综合考虑、影响深远并具有战略意义的关键问题,从国际电联（ITU）国际标准、高速数传、接收信噪比（SNR）、“三抗”、超视距中继、黑障、雨衰以及设备研制成熟度8个方面全面、细致论证了近空间平台测控系统的频段选择问题,最终得出在视距链路中以Ka频段为宜,在超视距链路中以Ku/Ka双频段为宜的结论。     

基于弯曲激波压缩系统的高超声速进气道反设计研究进展

总结了近十年来弯曲激波压缩研究的主要成果。提出了弯曲激波压缩系统的新概念,即利用特殊设计的楔形弯曲压缩面或空间弯曲压缩面,产生一系列与前缘弱激波相互交汇或叠加的压缩波系,从而使前缘激波弯曲,形成特殊的弯曲激波,它与波后的等熵压缩波来共同完成对气流的压缩。在此基础上,实现了由给定出口气动参数的超声速内流道反设计,实现了由给定压缩面压力分布和给定压缩面马赫数分布要求的型面反设计,实现了由给定激波波面的压缩型面反设计。研究证明,弯曲压缩面-弯曲激波压缩系统具有良好的综合气动性能,为高性能高超声速进气系统的气动设计提供了一种全新的设计方法。     

Integrated Entry Guidance for Reusable Launch Vehicle

A method for the implementation of integrated three-degree-of-freedom constrained entry guidance for reusable launch vehicle is presented. Given any feasible entry conditions, terminal area energy management interface conditions, and the reference trajectory generated onboard then, the method can generate a longitudinal guidance profile rapidly, featuring linear quadratic regular method and a proportional-integral-derivative tracking law with time-varying gains, which satisfies all the entry corridor constraints and meets the requirements with high precision. Afterwards, by utilizing special features of crossrange parameter, establishing bank-reversal corridor, and determining bank-reversals according to dynamically adjusted method, the algorithm enables the lateral entry guidance system to fly a wide range of missions and provides reliable and good performance in the presence of significant aerodynamic modeling uncertainty. Fast trajectory guidance profiles and simulations with a reusable launch vehicle model for various missions and aerodynamic uncertain-ties are presented to demonstrate the capacity and reliability of this method.     

Experimental Study on Effects of Fuel Injection on Scramjet Combustor Performance

In order to investigate the effects of fuel injection distribution on the scramjet combustor performance, there are conducted three sets of test on a hydrocarbon fueled direct-connect scramjet test facility. The results of Test A, whose fuel injection is carried out with injectors located on the top-wall and the bottom-wall, show that the fuel injection with an appropriate close-front and centralized distribution would be of much help to optimize combustor performances. The results of Test B, whose fuel injection is performed at the optimal injection locations found in Test A, with a given equivalence ratio and different injection proportions for each injector, show that this injection mode is of little benefit to improve combustor performances. The results of Test C with a circumferential fuel injection distribution displaies the possibility of ameliorating combustor performance. By analyzing the effects of injection location parameters on combustor performances on the base of the data of Test C, it is clear that the injector location has strong coupled influences on combus- tor performances. In addition, an inner-force synthesis specific impulse is used to reduce the errors caused by the disturbance of fuel supply and working state of air heater while assessing combustor performances.     

(高)超声速流动试验技术及研究进展

近年来,与高速飞行器相关的(高)超声速流动受到了极大的关注。这类流动所具有的非定常性、强梯度和可压缩性对试验方法和风洞设计技术提出了挑战。超声速纳米示踪平面激光散射(NPLS)技术是由作者所在团队研发的非接触光学测试技术。它能够以较高的空间分辨率来揭示超声速三维流场的一个瞬态剖面的时间解析的流动结构。介绍了NPLS技术以及基于NPLS开发的密度场测量、雷诺应力测量和气动光学波前测量等方法,并回顾了这些技术在超声速边界层、超声速混合层、超声速压缩拐角、激波/边界层相互作用和光学头罩绕流等流动中的应用,清晰地再现了边界层、混合层、激波等典型流场结构及其时空演化特性。另外,为了模拟和研究高空大气条件下边界层自然转捩和超声速混合层的转捩特性,介绍了高超声速静风洞、超-超混合层风洞的设计技术以及层流化喷管的设计方法。