民用客机后机身外形设计研究

CC-200是一款单通道、中程大型民用客机。CC-200民用客机具有大展弦比、小后掠角、相对较低的巡航速度等技术特点。CC-200的后机身的外形长度为6.458 m,上掠角为12°,与地面水平线的最小间隙值为0.15 m。后机身外形及其它部段的外形采用CATIA V5软件建立了三维数模,后机身采用ESDU 80006和ESDU7011中的方法进行阻力增量的计算、评估。计算表明,在机身迎角一定的情况下,后机身阻力增量随着上掠角的增大而增大。     

大型客机机身对接技术研究

为解决当前国内大型客机机身对接准确度较低的问题,对某大型客机机身的对接方法进行了研究。首先,对机身的对接基准和机身对接工装进行了选择和设计。在机身对接过程中,先使用激光准直仪,通过人工调整使激光准直仪光线聚合,直到数显表上显示需要的数据为止,从而对机身位置进行调整。再应用激光跟踪仪对机身装配基准点的实际坐标值进行测量,在线测量控制系统根据测量的实际坐标值数据对中前机身进行微调以满足机身对接的位置要求。最后,根据机身微调后测量出的基准点的实际坐标值与理论坐标值的距离平方和的根来判断机身对接是否达到标准。该机身对接的方法可以合理地将机身对接的偏差控制在容差范围内。通过对大型客机机身对接技术的研究,得出以激光跟踪仪、激光准直仪、在线测量软件和伺服传动装置为主要机构的在线测量控制系统,可以大幅度提高大型客机机身对接的准确度。     

前苏联第一架喷气式客机：图—104

<正>二战结束后,喷气式发动机技术开始在民用客机领域应用。1952年1月22日,英国德·哈维兰公司的“彗星”客机（DH.106）成为第一款获得适航证的涡喷民用客机。然而,在接下来的运营中,“彗星”客机因为一系列空难而全面停飞,这让图—104成为在1956～1958年间世界上唯一运营的喷气式客机。     

未来大飞机的新视点 波音公司对翼身融合体布局客机的详细研究

面对未来民用客机在节油。减排和降噪等环保性能的越来越苛刻的要求。采用传统常规气动布局的客机已无更多潜力可挖，美国NASA认为，机翼／机身融合体飞翼布局设计，是唯一能满足2020年运载能力、使用效率，特别是激进的环保指标要求的解决途径。     

模糊层次综合法在民用客机选项排序中的应用

随着我国民用客机研发制造的不断深入,与客户需求息息相关的民用客机选项研究也越来越迫切。针对民用客机的选项评价问题,提出一种选项优选的思想。利用层次分析法构建民用客机选项评估指标体系,考虑可靠性、适航性、维修性、经济性等综合指标,结合模糊数学对指标体系进行定性分析,引入客户需求的指标权重,提出一种对民用客机选项优选的方法,并将定性问题定量化分析,解决了民机选项指标权重分析中的不确定性问题。经过实例验证,方法在针对民机选项优选时是可行的。     

民用客机应急断离结构适航符合性研究及应用

应急断离结构能显著提高民用客机应急着陆的安全性.基于应急断离结构的适航要求,对民用客机应急断离结构的完整性和功能性进行了适航符合性研究.通过分析民用客机应急断离结构在各设计阶段的主要任务,建立了应急断离结构设计的适航验证流程.基于对适航符合性理论的研究,提出了一种新的民用客机应急断离结构适航符合性实施方法,结合工程实例并利用ABAQUS二次开发技术对应急断离结构进行快速设计的方法,为民用客机应急断离结构设计提供了一种新的验证思路及实施方法.     

民机复材结构适航设计要求和符合性方法初探

研究了当前最先进民用客机复合材料结构的部分适航资料,初步得出了民用客机复合材料结构适航性设计要求和符合性方法。这些适航性设计要求和符合性方法涉及民用客机复合材料结构设计19个方面的问题。     

图片新闻

C919大型客机首架机前机身大部段在上海交付;C919大型客机中机身／中央翼，副翼部段在西飞交付;C919大型客机首架机机头部段、中后机身部段相继下线;ARJ21-700飞机104架机顺利完成风挡除雾局方审定试飞     

基于层次分析法的民用客机发动机技术评价与选型

层次分析法是1种有效实用的多目标决策方法。针对在大型客机研制中科学选择适合的民用航空发动机问题特点,基于层次分析法,将发动机的选型要求层次化分解,建立了指标技术评估模型,并考虑不同评估专家分配不同权重的方法。以现有民用发动机为例进行分析。分析结果表明：层次分析法在民用客机发动机选择中具有合理性、科学性,符合市场实际情况,适用于民用客机发动机方案选型,并可为民用客机发动机工程技术评估提供科学依据。     

“沈飞”将成为民用客机生产的一个重要基地

根据中国航空工业总公司的安排,“沈飞”已与美国波音公司达成合作生产1500架波音737客机机身尾段的协议,还有300架波音757客机机身尾段的合作生产事宜正在进一步商谈中。中美将合作     

The effect of inlet conditions on the flow and heat transfer in multiple rotating cavity with axial throughflow

This paper discusses experimental results from two different build configurations of a heated multiple rotating cavity test rig.Measurements of heat transfer from the discs and tangential velocities are presented.The test rig is a 70% full scale version of a high pressure compressor stack of an axial gas turbine engine.Of particular interest are the internal cylindrical cavities formed by adjacent discs and the interaction of these with a central axial throughflow of cooling air.Tests were carried out for a range of non-dimensional parameters representative of high pressure compressor internal air system flows(Re up to 5×106 and Rez up to 2×105).Two different builds have been tested.The most significant difference between these two build configurations is the size of the annular gap between the(non-rotating) drive shaft and the bores of the discs.The heat transfer data were obtained from thermocouple measurements of surface temperature and a conduction solution method.The velocity measurements were made using a two component,LDA system.The heat transfer results from the discs show differences between the two builds.This is attributed to the wider annular gap allowing more of the throughflow to penetrate into the cavity.There are also significant differences between the radial distributions of tangential velocity in the two builds of the test rig.For the narrow annular gap,there is an increase of non-dimensional tangential velocity V/Ωr with radial location to solid body rotation V/Ωr=1.For the wider annular gap,the non-dimensional velocities show a decrease with radial location to solid body rotation.      

Research on Auto-detection for Remainder Particles of Aerospace Relay Based on Wavelet Analysis

Aerospace relay is one kind of electronic components which is used widely in national defense system and aerospace system. The existence of remainder particles induces the reliability declining, which has become a severe problem in the development of aerospace relay. Traditional particle impact noise detection (PIND) method for remainder detection is ineffective for small particles, due to its low precision and involvement of subjective factors. An auto-detection method for PIND output signals is proposed in this paper, which is based on direct wavelet de-noising (DWD), cross-correlation analysis (CCA) and homo-filtering (HF), the method enhances the affectiv-ity of PIND test about the small particles. In the end, some practical PIND output signals are analysed, and the validity of this new method is proved.     

Preparation of Highly Dispersed Antimony-doped Tin Oxide Nano-powder via Ion-exchange Hydrolysis of SnCl4 and SbCl3 and Azeotropic Drying

Antimony-doped tin hydroxide colloid precipitates have been synthesized by hydrolysis of SnCl4 and SbCl3 using: (1) an ion-exchange hydrolysis to remove chlorine ions, and (2) isoamyl acetate as an azeotropic solvent to obviate water. The obtained dried powder is of high dispersivity without any need for further grinding. The size and dispersivity of the final particles are investigated with the aid of TG-DTA, BET, XRD and TEM. After having calcined, the antimony-doped tin oxide nanopowder possesses a tetragonal rutile structure with high dispersivity, uniform particles and low hard agglomeration.     

Effects of Mo on the Microstructure and Hydrogen Sorption Properties of Ti-Mo Getters

The effects of Mo on the microstructure evolution, porosity and hydrogen sorption properties of Ti-Mo getters are investigated in this work. The results show that the addition of Mo prolongs the densification process of Ti-Mo getters and results in a significant amount of sintered pores. With the Mo content increasing, the porosity of getters firstly increases reaching the maximum value as it at- tains about 7.5wt.%, and then drops. At the room temperature, the hydrogen sorption property of getters increases progressively with the Mo content increasing, but the tendency is not very clear before its content lies below 2.5wt.%. When the Mo content achieves about 7.5wt.%, the hydrogen sorption property proves to be the best. The discussion is made about the above mentioned phenomena inclusive of hydrogen sorption properties of getters under different activation conditions (from 500-750 ℃).     

超声速燃烧数值模拟中的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型

高精度数值模拟有助于理解超声速湍流燃烧中湍流与化学反应的相互作用,可为发动机燃烧室等工程应用设计提供可靠的预测模型。除直接数值模拟外,目前在湍流燃烧应用中使用的大涡模拟和雷诺平均Navier-Stokes模拟均需要借助模型模化发生在湍流小尺度上的流动与化学反应过程对湍流大尺度运动的影响。现有的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型大致可分为:火焰面类模型和概率密度函数类模型,2类模型在不同的应用中各自具有优势和局限性。此外,现有模型大都基于低马赫数燃烧,而超声速燃烧中通常会伴随快速混合、局部熄火和再着火以及激波等复杂过程,这为发展其中的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型提出了更多的挑战。     

适于低轨卫星IP网络的单核共享树组播算法(英文)

为了解决低轨卫星IP网络中现有典型源组播算法的信道资源浪费问题,本文提出了一套单核共享树组播算法,即核心群合并共享树(CCST)和加权核心群合并共享树(w-CCST)算法。CCST 算法包括动态近似中心(DAC)选核方法和核心群合并组播路径构建方法。DAC方法专为周期、规律运动的低轨卫星网络提出,不需要复杂的星上计算。在核心群合并方法中,以核节点作为初始核心群,通过核心群和剩余组成员的最短路径方法逐步扩展直至整棵组播树构建完成,从而使得组播树的树代价最小,大大提高了网络的带宽利用率和组播传输效率。w-CCST 算法中所提出的加权因子可以调整树代价和端到端传播时延之间的折衷程度,因此,可以通过调整加权因子来适度增大树代价、降低端到端传播时延以支持某些端到端时延要求苛刻的实时组播业务。最后,与低轨卫星 IP 网络中典型算法进行了性能比较,仿真结果说明,CCST 算法的平均树代价比其它算法显著降低,w-CCST 算法的平均端到端传播时延小于 CCST 算法。     

Jet Vectoring Control Using a Novel Synthetic Jet Actuator

A primary air jet vectoring control system with a novel synthetic jet actuator (SJA) is presented and simulated numerically. The results show that, in comparison with an existing traditional synthetic jet actuator, which is able to perform the duty of either “push” or “pull”, one novel synthetic jet actuator can fulfill both “push” and “pull” functions to vector the primary jet by shifting a slide block inside it. Therefore, because the new actuator possesses greater efficiency, it has potentiality to replace the existing one in various appli- cations, such as thrust vectoring and the reduction of thermal signature. Moreover, as the novel actuator can fulfill those functions that the existing one can not, it may well be expected to popularize it into more flow control systems.     

Nonlinear Adaptive Slewing Motion Control of Spacecraft Truss Driven by Synchronous V-gimbaled CMG Precession

The slewing motion control of a truss arm driven by a V-gimbaled control-moment-gyro (CMG) is a nonlinear control problem. The V-gimbaled CMG consists of a pair of gyros that must precess synchronously. The moment of inertia of the system, the angular momentum of the gyros and the external disturbances are not exactly known. With the help of feedback linearization and recursive Lyapunov design method, an adaptive nonlinear controller is designed to deal with the unknown items. Performance of the proposed controller is verified by simulation.     

An SOR Implicit Time-accurate Scheme in Calculating Unsteady Flows

A new time-accurate marching scheme for unsteady flow calculations is proposed in the present work. This method is the combination of classical Successive Over-Relaxation (SOR) iteration method and Jacobian matrix diagonally dominant splitting method of LUSGS. One advantage of this algorithm is the second-order accuracy because of no factorization error. Another advantage is the low computational cost because the Jacobian matrices and fluxes are only calculated once in each physical time step. And, the SOR algorithm has better convergence property than Gauss-Seidel. To investigate its accuracy and convergency, several unsteady flow computa- tional tests are carried out by using the proposed SOR algorithm. Roe’s FDS scheme is used to discritize the inviscid flux terms. Un- steady computational results of SOR are compared with the experiment results and those of Gauss-Seidel. Results reveal that the numerical results agree well with the experimental data and the second-order accuracy can be obtained as the Gauss-Seidel for unsteady flow computations. The impact of SOR factor is investigated for unsteady computations by using different SOR factors in this algorithm to simulate each computational test. Different numbers of inner iterations are needed to converge to the same criterion for different SOR factors and optimal choice of SOR factor can improve the computational efficiency greatly.