冷轧态5B70合金超塑性行为研究

为了探究冷轧态5B70合金超塑性行为,利用高温拉伸试验对冷轧板材在不同参数下的变形规律进行研究。结果表明:在初始应变速率为5×10~(-4)～1×10~(-2) s~(-1)和拉伸温度为450～500℃范围内,冷轧5B70合金板材具有良好的超塑性;500℃为合金的最佳超塑性变形温度,1×10~(-3) s~(-1)为最佳初始应变速率,在最佳超塑性条件下合金的最大延伸率达到了670%,应变速率敏感性指数为0.43;在超塑性变形过程中,由于动态再结晶作用,原始纤维组织逐渐转变为等轴晶,并且晶粒明显细化;合金的超塑性变形是再结晶辅助下晶界滑移为主的变形机理,表现出了明显的晶间断裂特征。     

热轧态Ti2AlNb合金超塑性变形行为的研究

研究了热轧态Ti2AlNb合金在1193～1233K温度范围内和1×10-5～5×10-4s-1应变速率范围内的超塑性变形行为.结果表明,在上述试验条件下Ti2AlNb合金表现出良好的超塑性,最高延伸率超过600%;合金具有较高的应变速率敏感指数,计算得到Ti2AlNb合金超塑性变形的表观激活能为283.05kJ·mol-1.此时Ti2AlNb合金超塑性变形主要是受晶格扩散所控制的晶界滑动机制,动态再结晶是合金超塑性变形的重要协同机制.     

低温超塑性钛合金的超塑性研究

对一种超塑性温度相对较低的双相钛合金SPZ的超塑性能进行了研究.结果表明:740～800℃,应变速率恒为1.11×10-3s-1时,SPZ合金的最大拉伸延伸率均超过1600%;760°C,合金的超塑延伸率可高达2149%.760℃,应变速率高达1.11×10-2s-1时,合金的超塑延伸率仍可达1380%.也就是说,700℃/1hAC处理后,SPZ合金在试验温度范围内具有低温高速超塑性.SEM观察发现,超塑变形前,合金的晶粒细小均匀,平均晶粒尺寸只有0.89μm;应变速率为2.22×10-3s-1,740℃,760℃变形后SPZ合金的晶粒尺寸分别为1.51μm,2.33μm.超塑性变形的微观机制是以晶界滑动为主,晶内变形以及位错蠕变起了协调作用.     

TC6钛合金超塑性变形

对TC6钛合金在800~900℃温度区间内,分别进行应变速率为0.0001~0.1 s-1的恒应变速率法拉伸实验和最大m值法超塑性拉伸实验,获得拉伸过程应力-应变曲线,并采用金相显微镜对拉伸后断口附近显微组织进行分析。结果表明：TC6合金表现出良好的超塑性性能,随着应变速率或温度的升高,伸长率先增大后减小,恒应变速率拉伸时,在温度850℃、应变速率0.001 s-1条件下伸长率可达到993%;在同一变形温度下最大m值法拉伸能获得比恒应变速率法更好的超塑性,850℃时伸长率达到1353%;TC6合金在超塑性变形过程中发生了明显的动态再结晶,并随着应变速率和温度的升高动态再结晶行为增强。     

Al-Li-Cu-Mg-Zr合金的超塑性研究

Al-1.91Li-1.25Cu-0.46Mg-0.21Zr合金超塑性变形结果表明,最佳的时效工艺是400℃8h;冷轧工艺得到了比温轧(550％)更高的超塑性延伸率(630％);最佳超塑性变形工艺是T=500℃,(?)_i=3.33×10~(-3)s~(-1)(起始拉伸速度)。研究指出,Al-1.91Li-1.25Cu-0.46Mg-0.21Zr合金的超塑性预处理的时效工艺和轧制工艺影响了合金超塑变形初期的应变诱发再结晶,从而影响超塑性性能。超塑变形中的动态回变和动态再结晶是晶界滑动的重要协调机制之一。     

1420铝锂合金的晶粒细化及超塑性行为

采用一种新型形变热处理方法制备1420铝锂合金细晶超塑性板材,其再结晶平均晶粒尺寸约7μm.对细晶板材在温度范围450～570°C、应变速率5×10-41~×10-2s-1条件下进行高温超塑性拉伸,探求了对板材流动行为及组织演变的影响规律.在525℃和l×10-3s-1的变形务件下,板材呈现了最高延伸率,约为915%.     

工业供应态LY12铝合金的超塑性

对工业供应态LY12铝合金棒材的超塑性进行了研究。结果表明 :该合金在温度为 75 3K、应变速率为 3.3× 10 - 4s- 1的拉伸变形条件下 ,断裂延伸率为 313% ,应变速率敏感性指数m值约为 0 .33;断裂延伸率的实验值与Ghosh Ayres公式的理论值吻合 ;超塑性变形的主导机制符合Langdon大晶粒模型     

等温锻造FGH96合金超塑性研究

对等温锻造FGH96合金的超塑性进行了研究.研究表明,FGH96合金在变形温度为1050℃和1100℃,初始应变速率ε0为1×10-2s-1～1×10-3s-1的拉伸变形条件下,均呈现出较好的超塑延性.在变形温度为1050℃,初始应变速率为1.67×10-3s-1时,合金超塑延伸率均可以达到825%.微观组织分析表明,FGH96合金超塑拉伸的断裂主要原因是空洞的长大和连接.     

连续SiC纤维增强钛基复合材料高温变形研究

采用单轴拉伸的方法测试了Si C纤维增强钛基(Si Cf/Ti)复合材料横向高温变形的应力-应变关系,研究了温度、应变速率对应力-应变关系的影响规律,分析了复合材料的高温变形机制。研究表明,在应变速率为1.0×10-4~5.0×10-3s-1,温度为880~940℃条件下,延伸率为150%~200%。在高温变形过程中,复合材料主要的变形机制是纤维/基体界面剥离和基体的超塑性变形。     

TA15四层板结构超塑成形/扩散连接技术研究

进行了TA15合金超塑拉伸试验,在温度920℃和应变速率5.25×104s-1时,TA15合金的最大延伸率约为1100％,其应变速率敏感性指数约为0.57.在较佳超塑变形条件930℃和应变速率5.25×10-4s-1附近,TA15合金的超塑本构方程为σ=949(ε) 0.55.对TA15四层板结构超塑成形过程进行了有限元分析,获得了压力p-时间t曲线.在T =930℃和应变速率5.25×10-4s-1下,成功进行了TA15四层板结构SPF/DB成形试验,试验件的整体质量良好,无沟槽等缺陷,金相组织观测表明,TA15四层SPF/DB试验件扩散连接质量优良.     

有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计难点问题

有翼高超声速再入飞行器是近年来的研究热点,气动设计是飞行器设计的关键。为了更清楚地认识有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计的难点问题,对有翼高超声速再入飞行器的发展、优势及总体任务剖面进行了介绍,从5个方面详细介绍了该类飞行器气动设计的难点问题,包括多约束复杂面对称气动布局设计、高温真实气体效应对气动特性影响、天地差异与天地换算方法、反作用控制系统(RCS)喷流干扰对气动特性的影响以及气动数据不确定度等,简要阐明了这些难点问题对总体设计的重要性以及初步的解决思路,为有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计提供了一些参考。     

Simulation and Analysis of Crashworthiness of Fuel Tank for Helicopters

Crashworthiness requirement of fuel tanks is one of the important requirements in helicopter designs. The relations among the protection frame, textile layer and rubber layer of the fuel tank are introduced. Two appropriate FE models are established, one is for an uncovered helicopter fuel tank without protection frame, and the other is for fuel tank with protection frame. The dynamic responses of the two types of fuel tanks impinging on the ground with velocities of 17.3 m/s are numerically simulated for the purpose of analyzing energy-absorbing capabilities of the textile layer and protection frame. The feasibility of the current crashworthiness design of the fuel tank is examined though comparing the dynamic response behaviors of the two fuel tanks.     

The effect of inlet conditions on the flow and heat transfer in multiple rotating cavity with axial throughflow

This paper discusses experimental results from two different build configurations of a heated multiple rotating cavity test rig.Measurements of heat transfer from the discs and tangential velocities are presented.The test rig is a 70% full scale version of a high pressure compressor stack of an axial gas turbine engine.Of particular interest are the internal cylindrical cavities formed by adjacent discs and the interaction of these with a central axial throughflow of cooling air.Tests were carried out for a range of non-dimensional parameters representative of high pressure compressor internal air system flows(Re up to 5×106 and Rez up to 2×105).Two different builds have been tested.The most significant difference between these two build configurations is the size of the annular gap between the(non-rotating) drive shaft and the bores of the discs.The heat transfer data were obtained from thermocouple measurements of surface temperature and a conduction solution method.The velocity measurements were made using a two component,LDA system.The heat transfer results from the discs show differences between the two builds.This is attributed to the wider annular gap allowing more of the throughflow to penetrate into the cavity.There are also significant differences between the radial distributions of tangential velocity in the two builds of the test rig.For the narrow annular gap,there is an increase of non-dimensional tangential velocity V/Ωr with radial location to solid body rotation V/Ωr=1.For the wider annular gap,the non-dimensional velocities show a decrease with radial location to solid body rotation.      

ν-gap度量及其在飞行控制律评估中的应用

 传统控制律评估方法主要用于单输入单输出（SISO）系统，且对模型参数摄动考虑不够全面,针对这些不足，研究了ν-gap度量方法。在介绍系统广义稳定裕度相关概念的基础上，给出了ν-gap度量的定义、特点和性质以及近似摄动模型的计算，提出ν-gap度量评估控制律的步骤。实例结果表明，该方法不仅克服了上述传统评估方法的缺陷，而且还有根据所求的各摄动影响情况忽略影响小的元素，以减少计算量及可以找到最坏情况下的参数摄动组合等优点。     

突破技术趋同，波音再现竞争优势

 波音公司面临着来自空客公司的巨大挑战,企业战略性创新才是公司成功的关键。为此波音公司的全部战略性研究集中在扩大产品的差异性上,体现在3个方面：电子化（e-Enabled）运营环境、整体复合材料机身部件的制造技术和支持波音787客机的全球协同环境（GCE）。     

临近空间飞行器测控与信息传输系统频段选择

 临近空间飞行器是高性能信息化武器平台,测控（TT&;C）与信息传输系统是其信息保障的核心,而选择合理、可行的频段是展开系统设计的前提和基础。频段选择影响到整个技术方案的制定,是一个需综合考虑、影响深远并具有战略意义的关键问题,从国际电联（ITU）国际标准、高速数传、接收信噪比（SNR）、“三抗”、超视距中继、黑障、雨衰以及设备研制成熟度8个方面全面、细致论证了近空间平台测控系统的频段选择问题,最终得出在视距链路中以Ka频段为宜,在超视距链路中以Ku/Ka双频段为宜的结论。     

基于弯曲激波压缩系统的高超声速进气道反设计研究进展

总结了近十年来弯曲激波压缩研究的主要成果。提出了弯曲激波压缩系统的新概念,即利用特殊设计的楔形弯曲压缩面或空间弯曲压缩面,产生一系列与前缘弱激波相互交汇或叠加的压缩波系,从而使前缘激波弯曲,形成特殊的弯曲激波,它与波后的等熵压缩波来共同完成对气流的压缩。在此基础上,实现了由给定出口气动参数的超声速内流道反设计,实现了由给定压缩面压力分布和给定压缩面马赫数分布要求的型面反设计,实现了由给定激波波面的压缩型面反设计。研究证明,弯曲压缩面-弯曲激波压缩系统具有良好的综合气动性能,为高性能高超声速进气系统的气动设计提供了一种全新的设计方法。     

Integrated Entry Guidance for Reusable Launch Vehicle

A method for the implementation of integrated three-degree-of-freedom constrained entry guidance for reusable launch vehicle is presented. Given any feasible entry conditions, terminal area energy management interface conditions, and the reference trajectory generated onboard then, the method can generate a longitudinal guidance profile rapidly, featuring linear quadratic regular method and a proportional-integral-derivative tracking law with time-varying gains, which satisfies all the entry corridor constraints and meets the requirements with high precision. Afterwards, by utilizing special features of crossrange parameter, establishing bank-reversal corridor, and determining bank-reversals according to dynamically adjusted method, the algorithm enables the lateral entry guidance system to fly a wide range of missions and provides reliable and good performance in the presence of significant aerodynamic modeling uncertainty. Fast trajectory guidance profiles and simulations with a reusable launch vehicle model for various missions and aerodynamic uncertain-ties are presented to demonstrate the capacity and reliability of this method.     

Experimental Study on Effects of Fuel Injection on Scramjet Combustor Performance

In order to investigate the effects of fuel injection distribution on the scramjet combustor performance, there are conducted three sets of test on a hydrocarbon fueled direct-connect scramjet test facility. The results of Test A, whose fuel injection is carried out with injectors located on the top-wall and the bottom-wall, show that the fuel injection with an appropriate close-front and centralized distribution would be of much help to optimize combustor performances. The results of Test B, whose fuel injection is performed at the optimal injection locations found in Test A, with a given equivalence ratio and different injection proportions for each injector, show that this injection mode is of little benefit to improve combustor performances. The results of Test C with a circumferential fuel injection distribution displaies the possibility of ameliorating combustor performance. By analyzing the effects of injection location parameters on combustor performances on the base of the data of Test C, it is clear that the injector location has strong coupled influences on combus- tor performances. In addition, an inner-force synthesis specific impulse is used to reduce the errors caused by the disturbance of fuel supply and working state of air heater while assessing combustor performances.     

(高)超声速流动试验技术及研究进展

近年来,与高速飞行器相关的(高)超声速流动受到了极大的关注。这类流动所具有的非定常性、强梯度和可压缩性对试验方法和风洞设计技术提出了挑战。超声速纳米示踪平面激光散射(NPLS)技术是由作者所在团队研发的非接触光学测试技术。它能够以较高的空间分辨率来揭示超声速三维流场的一个瞬态剖面的时间解析的流动结构。介绍了NPLS技术以及基于NPLS开发的密度场测量、雷诺应力测量和气动光学波前测量等方法,并回顾了这些技术在超声速边界层、超声速混合层、超声速压缩拐角、激波/边界层相互作用和光学头罩绕流等流动中的应用,清晰地再现了边界层、混合层、激波等典型流场结构及其时空演化特性。另外,为了模拟和研究高空大气条件下边界层自然转捩和超声速混合层的转捩特性,介绍了高超声速静风洞、超-超混合层风洞的设计技术以及层流化喷管的设计方法。