航空发动机TC4机匣加工变形控制研究

航空发动机机匣零件的设计采用整体化、轻量化设计思想,使得结构复杂、规格尺寸大、薄壁特征多,而设计精度要求却在逐渐提高,机匣件加工后产生的变形问题尤显突出。探讨了薄壁结构机匣零件加工变形产生机理,提出分区去除余量控制加工变形的方法。使用Prism电子斑纹干涉钻孔残余应力仪测量了钛合金TC4机匣毛坯表层深度残余应力,通过有限元仿真结果预测出机匣毛坯内部残余应力分布规律。建立了机匣切削加工的有限元仿真模型并进行数值仿真,对两种工艺路线下的变形进行对比分析。最后,通过机匣的切削加工试验验证了仿真结果的正确性。     

压气机中介机匣几何结构的试验验证

对4个压气机中介机匣试验件进行了试验研究,包括原型、优化模型、支板根部前掠及流道延长4种方案.试验利用压力扫描阀及气动探针对试验件进出口总温、总压,上下壁面,大支板50%叶高处的静压进行测量,分析几何结构对中介机匣性能的影响.试验结果表明:增加流道轴向距离可提高中介机匣性能;优化后中介机匣壁面型线可改善进出口总压分布;下壁面型线对流动加减速有重要影响,优化后压力分布较平稳;优化需考虑支板影响.      

TBCC发动机进气机匣流道评估与优化

对涡轮基组合循环(TBCC)发动机进气机匣进行全三维流场计算,评估进气机匣流道的流场和性能,发现进气机匣流道中气流损失过大,总压恢复系数不满足指标要求,需进行优化。然后根据流场分析结果和流道截面积变化,使用三次样条插值方法对进气机匣流道进行优化,使流道截面积变化更为平缓。对修改设计后的流道再进行全三维流场计算分析,反复迭代使得最终的进气机匣流道和支板的总压恢复系数大幅提高,并满足指标要求。     

薄壁件铣削过程加工变形研究进展

机床加工性能和刀具切削性能的发展使得薄壁件的高效率和高精密加工成为可能，也使得薄壁件在航空航天领域得到更广泛应用。薄壁零件结构复杂、刚度低，在铣削过程中易发生变形，因此精准预测与控制薄壁件的加工变形是机加工领域亟需解决的工艺难题。通过对薄壁件分类以及加工工艺分析，归纳总结引起薄壁件加工变形的因素，对加工变形影响最为关键的铣削力计算模型进行简述；结合国内外薄壁件变形预测与控制方法的研究，以弹塑性和数值模拟方法对薄壁件加工变形进行预测，通过加工工艺优化、辅助支撑技术、高速切削技术和数控补偿技术等方法对薄壁件加工过程的变形量进行控制；基于数据驱动数字孪生体的更新迭代，实现薄壁件实际加工过程的孪生及薄壁件变形预测与控制，构建了以数字孪生为平台的薄壁件加工变形预测与控制理论框架；最后对数字孪生在薄壁件加工变形预测及控制的发展与应用提出展望。     

航空发动机机匣数控加工关键技术研究

机匣作为航空发动机的关键部件,由于形状结构复杂,材料加工难度大,加工质量很难保证.通过分析机匣的结构特点和加工制造的技术难点,提出了一套多轴数控加工工艺的方法,有效解决了航空机匣加工质量与效率问题.该工艺方法对航空类薄壁件零件的数控加工也有一定借鉴作用和推广价值.     

薄壁焊接机匣橡皮囊胀形法校形研究

为了解决机匣冲压回弹及焊接变形问题,提出一种机匣内部橡皮囊膨胀校形工艺。以某机匣为研究对象,通过理论计算确定了机匣校形压力。借助有限元分析软件,对与机匣有相同基本特征的薄壁焊接筒形件的塑性变形受力特性及校圆行为进行了分析。模拟结果显示,筒形件的初始直径、跳动和壁厚对最终筒形件跳动校正效果有影响。利用自制的校形装置对橡皮囊胀形法校形效果进行了验证。     

航空发动机薄壁机匣激光焊接有限元数值模拟

对航空发动机燃烧室薄壁机匣建立了激光焊接的数值分析模型。基于Sysweld的焊接分析功能,用数值方法研究了燃烧室薄壁机匣环缝焊接时引起的焊接变形,模拟了薄壁机匣激光焊接时温度场、应力场的分布以及焊接变形情况。同时对焊接仿真中的热源问题从数学上进行了分析和探讨,在此基础上结合整个薄壁机匣的实际工作状况对其仿真结果进行了定性分析,验证了其分析方法的可行性。     

航空发动机机匣电子束焊接变形模拟分析与优化

为了对焊接变形进行预测与控制,建立了焊接接头的弹塑性有限元模型,并对电子束热源模型进行了校核,获得了接头焊接位置的塑性应变区域大小;建立了风扇叶片机匣3D壳单元有限元模型,并采用固有应变法对机匣焊接变形进行了模拟计算,获取了焊接过程的变形分布,通过实测机匣变形量并与仿真结果进行对标,验证了模型的准确性;通过对风扇叶片机匣焊接顺序以及焊接熔池宽度等工艺参数的优化,获得了控制风扇叶片机匣焊后变形的最优方案。结果表明:模拟与实测的平均变形误差仅10.3%,基于固有应变法的中心面3D壳单元有限元模型适用于大型复杂薄壁件的电子束焊接变形预测,该方法已得到应用;风扇叶片机匣焊接熔池宽度的优化能够有效控制焊后变形,焊缝上熔池宽度降低为2.7 mm,焊后平均径向变形量降低30%,能够明显降低机匣径向收缩变形,焊接顺序的优化对变形控制效果较差。      

大型对开机匣整体电子束焊接成型技术

介绍了整体电子束焊接成型大型对开压气机机匣的技术要点、焊接机匣的工艺路线及控制大型机匣焊接和加工变形的技术措施     

大型薄壁零件防变形加工工艺

我集团公司与欧洲直升机公司合作生产飞机的零部件,这其中大部分是薄壁零部件.加工薄壁零件的主要问题是加工中出现材料变形的现象,如果被加工的薄壁材料产生了塑性变形,将无法对材料进行进一步的加工.为了生产出合格的飞机铝合金薄壁零部件,特别是大型薄壁零部件,我公司进行了加工工艺防变形的深入研究,研究出了切实可行的防变形加工工艺,并已成功加工出了优质的大型飞机薄壁零部件.本文将对大型飞机薄壁件的防变形工艺予以详细论述.     

有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计难点问题

有翼高超声速再入飞行器是近年来的研究热点,气动设计是飞行器设计的关键。为了更清楚地认识有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计的难点问题,对有翼高超声速再入飞行器的发展、优势及总体任务剖面进行了介绍,从5个方面详细介绍了该类飞行器气动设计的难点问题,包括多约束复杂面对称气动布局设计、高温真实气体效应对气动特性影响、天地差异与天地换算方法、反作用控制系统(RCS)喷流干扰对气动特性的影响以及气动数据不确定度等,简要阐明了这些难点问题对总体设计的重要性以及初步的解决思路,为有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计提供了一些参考。     

Simulation and Analysis of Crashworthiness of Fuel Tank for Helicopters

Crashworthiness requirement of fuel tanks is one of the important requirements in helicopter designs. The relations among the protection frame, textile layer and rubber layer of the fuel tank are introduced. Two appropriate FE models are established, one is for an uncovered helicopter fuel tank without protection frame, and the other is for fuel tank with protection frame. The dynamic responses of the two types of fuel tanks impinging on the ground with velocities of 17.3 m/s are numerically simulated for the purpose of analyzing energy-absorbing capabilities of the textile layer and protection frame. The feasibility of the current crashworthiness design of the fuel tank is examined though comparing the dynamic response behaviors of the two fuel tanks.     

The effect of inlet conditions on the flow and heat transfer in multiple rotating cavity with axial throughflow

This paper discusses experimental results from two different build configurations of a heated multiple rotating cavity test rig.Measurements of heat transfer from the discs and tangential velocities are presented.The test rig is a 70% full scale version of a high pressure compressor stack of an axial gas turbine engine.Of particular interest are the internal cylindrical cavities formed by adjacent discs and the interaction of these with a central axial throughflow of cooling air.Tests were carried out for a range of non-dimensional parameters representative of high pressure compressor internal air system flows(Re up to 5×106 and Rez up to 2×105).Two different builds have been tested.The most significant difference between these two build configurations is the size of the annular gap between the(non-rotating) drive shaft and the bores of the discs.The heat transfer data were obtained from thermocouple measurements of surface temperature and a conduction solution method.The velocity measurements were made using a two component,LDA system.The heat transfer results from the discs show differences between the two builds.This is attributed to the wider annular gap allowing more of the throughflow to penetrate into the cavity.There are also significant differences between the radial distributions of tangential velocity in the two builds of the test rig.For the narrow annular gap,there is an increase of non-dimensional tangential velocity V/Ωr with radial location to solid body rotation V/Ωr=1.For the wider annular gap,the non-dimensional velocities show a decrease with radial location to solid body rotation.      

突破技术趋同，波音再现竞争优势

 波音公司面临着来自空客公司的巨大挑战,企业战略性创新才是公司成功的关键。为此波音公司的全部战略性研究集中在扩大产品的差异性上,体现在3个方面：电子化（e-Enabled）运营环境、整体复合材料机身部件的制造技术和支持波音787客机的全球协同环境（GCE）。     

临近空间飞行器测控与信息传输系统频段选择

 临近空间飞行器是高性能信息化武器平台,测控（TT&;C）与信息传输系统是其信息保障的核心,而选择合理、可行的频段是展开系统设计的前提和基础。频段选择影响到整个技术方案的制定,是一个需综合考虑、影响深远并具有战略意义的关键问题,从国际电联（ITU）国际标准、高速数传、接收信噪比（SNR）、“三抗”、超视距中继、黑障、雨衰以及设备研制成熟度8个方面全面、细致论证了近空间平台测控系统的频段选择问题,最终得出在视距链路中以Ka频段为宜,在超视距链路中以Ku/Ka双频段为宜的结论。     

基于弯曲激波压缩系统的高超声速进气道反设计研究进展

总结了近十年来弯曲激波压缩研究的主要成果。提出了弯曲激波压缩系统的新概念,即利用特殊设计的楔形弯曲压缩面或空间弯曲压缩面,产生一系列与前缘弱激波相互交汇或叠加的压缩波系,从而使前缘激波弯曲,形成特殊的弯曲激波,它与波后的等熵压缩波来共同完成对气流的压缩。在此基础上,实现了由给定出口气动参数的超声速内流道反设计,实现了由给定压缩面压力分布和给定压缩面马赫数分布要求的型面反设计,实现了由给定激波波面的压缩型面反设计。研究证明,弯曲压缩面-弯曲激波压缩系统具有良好的综合气动性能,为高性能高超声速进气系统的气动设计提供了一种全新的设计方法。     

Experimental Study on Effects of Fuel Injection on Scramjet Combustor Performance

In order to investigate the effects of fuel injection distribution on the scramjet combustor performance, there are conducted three sets of test on a hydrocarbon fueled direct-connect scramjet test facility. The results of Test A, whose fuel injection is carried out with injectors located on the top-wall and the bottom-wall, show that the fuel injection with an appropriate close-front and centralized distribution would be of much help to optimize combustor performances. The results of Test B, whose fuel injection is performed at the optimal injection locations found in Test A, with a given equivalence ratio and different injection proportions for each injector, show that this injection mode is of little benefit to improve combustor performances. The results of Test C with a circumferential fuel injection distribution displaies the possibility of ameliorating combustor performance. By analyzing the effects of injection location parameters on combustor performances on the base of the data of Test C, it is clear that the injector location has strong coupled influences on combus- tor performances. In addition, an inner-force synthesis specific impulse is used to reduce the errors caused by the disturbance of fuel supply and working state of air heater while assessing combustor performances.     

(高)超声速流动试验技术及研究进展

近年来,与高速飞行器相关的(高)超声速流动受到了极大的关注。这类流动所具有的非定常性、强梯度和可压缩性对试验方法和风洞设计技术提出了挑战。超声速纳米示踪平面激光散射(NPLS)技术是由作者所在团队研发的非接触光学测试技术。它能够以较高的空间分辨率来揭示超声速三维流场的一个瞬态剖面的时间解析的流动结构。介绍了NPLS技术以及基于NPLS开发的密度场测量、雷诺应力测量和气动光学波前测量等方法,并回顾了这些技术在超声速边界层、超声速混合层、超声速压缩拐角、激波/边界层相互作用和光学头罩绕流等流动中的应用,清晰地再现了边界层、混合层、激波等典型流场结构及其时空演化特性。另外,为了模拟和研究高空大气条件下边界层自然转捩和超声速混合层的转捩特性,介绍了高超声速静风洞、超-超混合层风洞的设计技术以及层流化喷管的设计方法。     

Research on Auto-detection for Remainder Particles of Aerospace Relay Based on Wavelet Analysis

Aerospace relay is one kind of electronic components which is used widely in national defense system and aerospace system. The existence of remainder particles induces the reliability declining, which has become a severe problem in the development of aerospace relay. Traditional particle impact noise detection (PIND) method for remainder detection is ineffective for small particles, due to its low precision and involvement of subjective factors. An auto-detection method for PIND output signals is proposed in this paper, which is based on direct wavelet de-noising (DWD), cross-correlation analysis (CCA) and homo-filtering (HF), the method enhances the affectiv-ity of PIND test about the small particles. In the end, some practical PIND output signals are analysed, and the validity of this new method is proved.