基于DSP的机载数据采集记录系统的设计

针对载机任务单元多通道数据采集记录的需求,设计了一种基于高速浮点运算数字信号处理器（DSP）TMS320C6713的机载数据采集记录系统。利用TMS320C6713处理器芯片集成的增强型直接存储器存取（EDMA）和同步多通道缓冲串行口（M cBSP）模块实现对存储芯片的直接连接和数据操作,简化了硬件接口设计,避免了总线冲突,提高了处理器的工作效率。系统在某型数字化对抗训练系统中的实际应用表明该设计实用可行,并在实时数据采集记录应用中具有较好的通用性和扩展性。     

改进的特征匹配雷达视频运动目标跟踪算法

针对密集杂波和复杂多目标情况下,特征匹配跟踪算法定位跟踪精度较低的问题,提出一种改进的特征匹配雷达视频运动目标跟踪算法。首先,从单帧雷达图像检测结果中提取目标的面积、位置、不变矩信息,在运动目标得到判定后,利用卡尔曼滤波的预测位置以及上一帧特征信息进行目标匹配;然后,根据匹配位置和预测位置给出目标估计位置,并进行特征信息更新;最后,输出目标的特征信息、位置信息和运动参数。利用某型导航雷达上采集的实测数据验证了算法的有效性。     

基于DSP平台的机载高清视频编码器设计与实现

针对无人机(UVA)航拍对高清视频的需求,设计并实现了基于数字信号处理器(DSP)平台的MPEG-4高清视频编码器,具有体积小、功耗低和可靠性高的特点.根据DSP片内资源设计了存储器分配方案,优化了编码过程中的数据流传输,降低了数据访问对编码速度的影响.针对视频编码算法中复杂度较高的部分,采用了基于预测的运动估计,减少...     

一种用VHDL语言设计的SDRAM控制器及其应用

随着嵌入式机载计算机技术的发展,SDRAM存储器已在其系统中得到了越来越广泛的应用.首先介绍了SDRAM存储器的工作原理和控制时序特点,然后提出了用VHDL语言实现SDRAM控制器的设计方法,最后给出该SDRAM控制器在机载计算机中的应用.     

TMS320C6701与SDRAM的接口设计

TEXAS INSTRUMENTS生产的TMS320C6X系列数字信号处理器(DSP)和以前的DSP相比,由于先进的外部存储器接口EMIF的存在,可以和多种外围器件实现无缝接口,使用起来非常简便。以MICRON的MT48LC4M16A2芯片为例,介绍了用EMIF实现的DSP[TMS320C6701]与SDRAM的硬件接口,研究了各个相关控制寄存器的配置方法,给出EMIFSDRAM控制寄存器、EMIFSDRAM刷新周期寄存器的计算方法,并给出了软件初始化程序流程图。在需要大量数据、高速存储的应用中,SDRAM是很好的选择,能满足系统的各项要求。     

一种基于逆向导航的双轴旋转惯导系统自标定方法

针对惯导系统高精度自标定的需求,提出了一种基于逆向导航的双轴旋转惯导系统自标定方法。通过转位运动对系统误差进行激励,利用Kalman滤波器进行误差估计,同时存储标定数据,待正向导航滤波结束后,利用逆向导航算法对存储数据二次利用,继续进行误差估计,直到所有状态量收敛到一定精度,实现了对数据的充分挖掘。仿真和试验结果表明,该方法可以实现对双轴旋转惯导系统的全参数自标定,提高了标定精度。     

TMS320VC5402片外存储器扩展及自举引导程序的设计

针对低功耗、高性能数字信号处理芯片TMS320VC5402片内RAM的易失性以及片外非易失性但存储器运行速度太慢的弊端,介绍了VC5402的存储器资源配置,提供了一种实用的扩展存储器设计方案。利用两块完全相同的快速SRAM,分别分配到数据和程序空间,并利用FLASH存储器SST39VF400A在系统编程技术,设计和编写符合系统要求的上电引导程序的方法。另对TMS32OVC5402的存储器资源配置,提供了一种实用的扩展存储器设计方案,在这种存储器资源配置的基础上,利用FLASH存储器的在系统编程技术,设计和编写符合系统要求的上电引导程序的方法。     

基于DRFM技术的雷达标校器设计与实现

建立了基于数字射频存储器技术构建雷达标校器的方法.该雷达标校器可灵活实现目标运动模拟、多普勒频率加载、目标RCS模拟、多目标模拟等功能,较传统的基于光纤延迟实现的雷达标校器更具有应用价值.针对实际应用需求提出了解决频率捷变的方案,给出了典型模拟策略所需数学模型.应用研究表明,基于数字射频存储器技术的雷达标校器具有较强的...     

无人直升机视觉着陆中的运动状态估计算法

对无人直升机(UH)视觉着陆中基于视觉图像处理的运动状态估计问题进行了研究。介绍了视觉着陆原理,分析了运动估计、特征图像处理与着陆控制间的关系,推导并建立了UH相对着陆平台位姿估计算法、线速度与角速度估计算法。相邻两帧图像对应特征点像点位置为位姿估计算法提供数据,一帧图像特征点像点位置及其对应像点平移速度为线速度与角速度估计算法提供数据。利用UH着陆控制仿真数据模拟UH着陆运动过程中像点位置及其对应平移速度的视觉图像处理结果。仿真验证了运动状态估计算法,结果表明所提出的运动状态估计算法能有效地利用视觉图像处理结果数据估计出UH的位置、姿态、线速度和角速度。     

基于三焦距张量及BMA的运动估计和补偿

为克服块匹配位移估计方法 (BMA)不能准确描述物体的旋转、相机镜头的推移 (pan)及缩放的缺点 ,引入计算机视觉中的三线性关系及基于三焦距张量的像素转移进行运动估计和补偿。将像素转移与块匹配运动估计和补偿方法相结合 ,通过实际的图像序列比较了这种方法与单纯 BMA方法的运动补偿效果 ,结果表明 ,在有相机平移及景物有深度变化时 ,本文方法的效果明显优于单纯 BMA方法。     

WiMAX dynamnic beamforming antenna

This presents our design and development of an 8-channel adaptive beaniforming antenna for new developments in radio technology: the emergence of chip-based components implementing the recently completed IEEE 802.16d-2004 (WiMAX) radio standard [1-4]. WiMAX offers the potential of long-range (up to 50 miles) and high bandwidth (up to 50 Mb~s) radio links. Although the new WiMAX standard offers the potential for using smart, adaptive antennas, this functionality has not been implemented. Our design will serve as a common platform for testing adaptive array algorithms including direction of arrival (DOA) estimation, beamforming, and adaptive tracking, as well as complete wireless communication with a WiMAX Radio. Heavy emphasis will be placed on ease of implementation in a multi-channel / multi-user environment. In the future, we hope to expand this interface to support dynamic radio channel selection via direct interaction with radio hardware or implementation of a cognitive radio system.     

Multi-channel data compression

With the development of space telemetry technology, it has brought forward higher requests for large capacity memory of hard recovered solid-state recorders. Therefore, data compression becomes more important. The compression feasibility and potentiality of telemetry data are examined by analyzing the statistical characteristics of actual telemetry data recovered from the recorder. Aiming at the disadvantages of present data format In data compression for multi-channel telemetry data acquisition systems, we introduce data packet structure and a real-time compression algorithm for low complex hardware design put forward accordingly. The principles and implementation of data package compression are described. Simulation results show that this technology can meet the requirements of multi-channel real-time data compression with high compression ratio and fast compression speed, which possesses great application values.     

Open systems avionics network to replace MIL-STD-1553

This paper is a proposal for a future method of avionics data communication. The need for this proposal results from the shortcomings in the current avionics architecture, video distribution network, and in the MIL-STD-1553 data communication system. The separately wired video and data communication systems can be combined to save weight, which is especially critical for rotorcraft. Aircraft, once fielded, have limited capacity for modification and improvement due to fixed computer throughput and processing performance, network bandwidth, and space available in the avionics equipment bays. The changes proposed by this paper are to be made in conjunction with the replacement of the redundant computer boxes with open system avionics functions on industry standard circuit cards. This open architecture approach was developed over the last ten years and is now being implemented in many aircraft applications including the F-22 and the RAH-66 programs. The V-22 rotorcraft, which although just entering production, is being modified for joint service customers where modern computer performance and expanded data network bandwidth is needed. The changes of this proposal will fill this need, reduce the weight of upcoming production models, and provide growth or spare capability so that additional video and data components can be added with minimal effect on existing components. This paper examines the current V-22 avionics video and data communication hardware and wiring and propose a new implementation of open system architecture standards with integrated digital video and data communication based on ANSI standard copper fibre channel     

一种宽带高速跳频载波频综结构的设计

将DDS（直接数字合成）与PLL（锁相环）频率合成技术相结合,采用多环并列流水线结构,设计出混合扩/跳频系统的载波频率综合单元。利用DDS技术可实现频率分辨率高、转换时间快等要求,利用PLL技术可实现杂散抑制性能高、扩展宽带等要求,并采用多环并列硬件结构保证了系统的跳变速度和宽频带指标。经闭环测试平台的测试,系统达到350～1800MHz带宽可变,频率跳变速度10 000跳/s可变,杂散抑制优于-80dBc。文章首先给出详细的硬件设计方案及其实现,同时理论分析了个各项指标的优化,最后给出闭环测试平台的搭建以及最终测试结果。     

X射线脉冲星导航硬件脉冲轮廓累积研究

为了在X射线脉冲星地面实验系统仿真源模拟产生X射线的基础上,能够快速稳定地得到脉冲轮廓,采用硬件历元叠加的方法获得脉冲轮廓。研究了用硬件实现历元叠加及其数据整合的算法,该算法首先在MATLAB现场可编程逻辑阵列(FPGA)中实现,再通过MATLAB硬件描述语言(HDL)代码生成模块把算法转换成HDL,经编译后获得配置硬件的Bit文件,最终在开发板FPGA上实现数据处理的硬件模块。一段时间内的光子到达时间数据通过MATLAB算法得到的脉冲轮廓数据与通过硬件模块处理后得到的数据结果存在误差,在单个时间窗口内误差最大值为2个光子数,误差平均值占光子数统计平均值的0.084%;两组统计的脉冲轮廓数据中不同数据占总数据个数的9.481%,这样的误差不影响后端模拟导航模块的导航。利用硬件实现的历元叠加及其数据整合模块具有处理速度快、设备紧凑、功耗低的特点,为航天器利用X射线脉冲星导航提供了一种可行的硬件数据处理技术上的支持。     

Multi-channel data structure and real-time compression algorithm research

The development of space telemetry technology has brought forward the need for large capacity memory of any solid-state recorder; data compression therefore, becomes more and more important. The compression feasibility and potentiality of telemetry data are examined by analyzing the statistical characteristics of actual telemetry data recovered from recorders. Aiming at the disadvantage of present data formats in data compression for multi-channel telemetry data acquisition systems, this introduces a data packet structure, and a real-time compression algorithm for low complex hardware design. The principles and implementations of data package compression are described. Simulation results show that this technology can meet the requirements of multi-channel real-time data compression with a high compression ratio and a fast compression speed, which possesses great application value.     

分布式飞行控制半物理仿真系统设计

针对一般飞行控制半物理仿真系统中物理实物的确定性和不可替换性,提出了一种分布式结构半物理仿真系统方案。这种结构利用多台计算机分担模型解算任务,不但提高了数据处理的速度,而且使得各分系统的替换方便可行,仿真系统的半物理程度可灵活调节。系统还引入了以太网通讯,多线程机制和高精度定时技术来提高仿真系统实时性,最终实现了一个通用型的可远程启动和监控的飞行控制半物理仿真系统实验平台,取得了良好的仿真效果。     

嵌入式虚拟机管理器内存虚拟化方法研究

嵌入式虚拟机管理器需对3类硬件资源进行虚拟化才能支持客户OS的正常运行,而且支持虚拟内存的客户OS需对MMU页表进行虚拟化;以NXP公司的PowerPC架构处理器为例介绍了MMU概况、管理方法,并提出MMU虚拟化的需求;研究了XEN、ViMo、KVM/ARM、NOVA、MobiVMM 5个典型虚拟机管理器软件中所采用的主流内存虚拟化方案,并给出了基于软件影子页表、基于硬件支持特性、软硬件结合等3种对MMU页表进行虚拟化的解决方案.     

Sensor validation using hardware-based on-line learning neuralnetworks

The objective of this document Is to show the capabilities of parallel hardware-based on-line learning neural networks (NNs). This specific application is related to an on-line estimation problem for sensor validation purposes. Neural-network-based microprocessors are starting to be commercially available. However, most of them feature a learning performed with the classic back-propagation algorithm (BPA). To overcome this lack of flexibility a customized motherboard with transputers was implemented for this investigation, The extended BPA (EBPA), a modified and more effective BPA, was used for the on-line learning, These parallel hardware-based neural architectures were used to implement a sensor failure detection, identification, and accommodation scheme in the model of a night control system assumed to be without physical redundancy in the sensory capabilities. The results of this study demonstrate the potential for these neural schemes for implementation in actual flight control systems of modern high performance aircraft, taking advantage of the characteristics of the extended back-propagation along with the parallel computation capabilities of NN customized hardware     

多输入一多输出频响函数估计

以有限富氏变换为基础,研究多输入-多输出频响函数估计的一般原理。讨论了各种可能的输入形式,其中确定性信号输入是一种新方法。它在试验时间、数据采集和处理量、识别精度等方面都比目前流行的随机输入要好;硬件配置也较简单,甚至可以只用双通道FFT分析仪来实现。 以上述理论为基础发展了在PDP11/23微机上运行的6输入-多输出频响函数估计程序,可以选择4种工作方式:（1）确定性;（2）周期随机;（3）瞬态随机;（4）连续随机激励。在自由-自由梁和直升机尾桨等实物上的实验应用成功。结果表明,采用确定性输入最好。