顾氏不动点解法——数独题通用解法

“数独”意为“每个数字只能出现一次”,起源于中国的古代的九宫格。通过运用严格逻辑推理方法,顾氏不动点解法找到两条或两条以上不同的逻辑路径的交点,即数独题目的关键点,找到一种解决“数独”问题的通用方法。     

国外地空导弹武器系统“三化”发展概述——地空导弹武器系统的通用化发展简况

概述了地空导弹武器系统通用化意义和通用化的层次 ,从导弹武器系统级、分系统级和导弹总体的通用化介绍了国外地空导弹类型和作战性能 ,针对不同的作战目标 ,通过实例阐明了各类导弹通用化的发展情况     

神舟八号上的生物“百宝箱”——中德合作通用生物培养箱揭秘

2011年11月18日北京时间凌晨0时20分,载人航天工程空间科学实验领域首次开展的国际合作项目——中德合作生物培养箱从内蒙古四子王旗神舟飞船主着陆场平安运抵北京西郊机场。     

开启空间生命科实验的“黑匣子”——详解神舟八号任务中德合作通用生物培养箱搭载项目

2011年11月17日19时32分。在5架搜救直升机的密切关注下。神舟八号飞船返回舱顺利返回地面。与以往无人飞行不同,返回舱在现场即进行了开舱。工作人员小心翼翼地从返回舱中取出一个神秘的像“黑匣子”一样的箱子,然后快速送上直升机。与此同时,远在距离飞船着陆千里之外的北京。来自中国和德国的几十名科学家也都激动起来,他们急切盼望着这个箱子在未来几个小时后抵达北京。这究竟是一个什么样的箱子？里面有什么样的“宝贝”？为什么会让中德两国的科学家如此热切盼望？     

Generalized Problem of Two Fixed Centers or the Darboux-Gredeaks Problem

A brief review of publications on the problem of two fixed centers is given, including its generalizations and astronomical applications. A comparison of the Darboux potential with that of Eve Gredeaks is made. An account of the basic points of development of modern high-precision theories of the motion of planetary satellites, based on the Gredeaks’ intermediate orbit, is given.__________Translated from Kosmicheskie Issledovaniya, Vol. 43, No. 3, 2005, pp. 194–200.Original Russian Text Copyright © 2005 by Lukyanov, Emeljanov, Shirmin.Dedicated to the memory of Professor Evgenii Petrovich Aksenov     

General dynamics in the Restricted Full Three Body Problem

The problem of a binary system and a spacecraft in its gravity field is studied. As the mass distribution of the bodies is considered, the two problems are referred as the Full Two Body Problem (F2BP) and the Restricted Full Three Body Problem (RF3BP), respectively. The conditions for relative equilibria and their stability in the F2BP were derived for an ellipsoid–sphere system. As the non-equilibrium problem is more common in nature, we look at periodic orbits in the F2BP close to the relative equilibrium conditions. It is found that families of periodic orbits can be computed where the minimum energy state of one family is the relative equilibrium state. An approximation method was derived in order to facilitate the computation of periodic orbits near relative equilibria while keeping the interesting dynamical features. The next step is to make the connection between the dynamics of the RF3BP and the F2BP. In the current paper, we solve for the dynamics of the F2BP and substitute this model in the RF3BP. We provide a basic investigation of the dynamics of a particle in the gravitational field of this binary system. We show results in the F2BP and the RF3BP.     

准谐振反激变换器问题的解析解及其几何特征

本文从直接分析磁能储送的观点[1,2 ] 出发 ,将准谐振反激变换器[3] 和自激反激变换器各自的状态变量B(t) ,以同一导通起点放在一起 ,将它作为一个几何问题讨论 ,发现其中存在一重要的几何特征 ,很易获得这两种变换器磁路状态特征参量 (磁通密度、运行周期和占空比 )之间的解析关系。利用这些关系 ,一个准谐振反激变换器的设计问题就可以转化为一个自激反激变换器的设计问题 ;再引用文 [1]的解析结果即可确定磁能储送器的基本物理参量     

Hydrodynamic Analogy for the Solution to the Doubly Averaged Hill Problem Disturbed by Precession of the Orbit Plane of a Disturbing Body

A hydrodynamic analogy for the solution to a satellite version of the restricted three-body problem is considered with allowance made for precession of the disturbing body orbit. Applying, in the first approximation, the analytical solution to a doubly averaged equation system obtained in 1961 by M.L. Lidov, we consider the precession of the disturbing body orbit as some disturbing factor. The appropriate model enables us to describe the general pattern of integral curves in the entire area of their existence as a picture of flow lines of the potential motion of some fictitious homogeneous incompressible fluid. For the synthesis of an adequate mathematical model, a method similar to the Pade approximation is used. The obtained model and its discrete continual analog allow us to present, in a pictorial form, the disturbance of orbits under the effect of precession of the disturbing body orbit.     

防空导弹引战配合设计变分问题的近似求解

以破片杀伤战斗部的破片动态相对飞散密度函数作为设计变元，得到单枚导弹战斗部对空中目标的杀伤概率泛函。于是，对防空导弹引战配合的设计就转化为求解相应的变分问题（VP）。通过里兹法对此进行了近似求解，求解结果与实际的引战配合情况完全符合。这说明防空导弹引战配合设计的变分法是可行的，从而为现代防空导弹引战配合在更广泛的类型中寻求最佳设计提供了有效的方法和手段。     

药柱通用坐标计算法计算结果跳动的原因分析及解决途径

对药柱通用坐标计算法计算结果跳动的原因进行了分析,提出了解决途径和方法,并对提高计算准确度的问题也进行了讨论。经实例计算证明解决途径和方法是有效的,与解析法计算结果比较误差不大于0.85％。     

攻击固定目标的飞行器制导控制一体化设计

对于攻击地面固定目标的飞行器,提出一种非线性制导律和控制方法。制导和控制一体化的设计方法充分考虑了制导和控制回路的不确定性和未建模动态。对于系统的非匹配不确定的特点,设计了特殊的终端滑模切换面和相应的控制策略,使得系统在有限时间内收敛到终端滑模面。分析表明滑模控制器保证了闭环系统的稳定性。数学仿真验证了此方法的有效性。     

Conditions of the Maximum Principle in the Problem of Optimal Control over an Aggregate of Dynamic Systems and Their Application to Solution of the Problems of Optimal Control of Spacecraft Motion

The necessary first-order conditions of strong local optimality (conditions of maximum principle) are considered for the problems of optimal control over a set of dynamic systems. To derive them a method is suggested based on the Lagrange principle of removing constraints in the problems on a conditional extremum in a functional space. An algorithm of conversion from the problem of optimal control of an aggregate of dynamic systems to a multipoint boundary value problem is suggested for a set of systems of ordinary differential equations with the complete set of conditions necessary for its solution. An example of application of the methods and algorithm proposed is considered: the solution of the problem of constructing the trajectories of a spacecraft flight at a constant altitude above a preset area (or above a preset point) of a planet's surface in a vacuum (for a planet with atmosphere beyond the atmosphere). The spacecraft is launched from a certain circular orbit of a planet's satellite. This orbit is to be determined (optimized). Then the satellite is injected to the desired trajectory segment (or desired point) of a flyby above the planet's surface at a specified altitude. After the flyby the satellite is returned to the initial circular orbit. A method is proposed of correct accounting for constraints imposed on overload (mixed restrictions of inequality type) and on the distance from the planet center: extended (nonpointlike) intermediate (phase) restrictions of the equality type.     

从地球到日-火系平动点轨道的转移

平动点轨道特殊的空间位置及动力学特征,使其在深空探测中具有重要的应用。以日-火系平动点轨道(Lissajous与Halo轨道)任务为目标,结合平动点轨道的不变流形理论,研究了小推力转移问题。首先给出了圆型限制性三体动力学模型下平动点附近不变流形(稳定和不稳定流形)高阶分析解以及相应的计算实例。接着以流形分析解为基础,建立了初始小推力轨道优化模型,并利用改进的协作进化算法求解初始小推力轨道。最后将初始轨道离散,采用多点打靶法将最优控制问题转化为参数优化问题,并用序列二次规划方法(SQP)求解。仿真结果证明轨道设计方法的有效性。