基于动态人工势场法的多机改航路径规划研究

在危险天气条件下,需要研究航班改航路径规划的问题。对传统人工势场法中的斥力势函数进行修正,将目标点与障碍物的距离以及航空器与受限区的运动速度考虑在内,建立了动态人工势场法的多机改航路径规划模型。模型解决了障碍物附近目标不可达问题,并且适应动态运行环境。算例验证了模型的有效性和可行性。     

基于人工势场-人工鱼群算法的改航路径规划

航班路径规划是改航策略的一个关键问题。将人工势场和人工鱼群算法相结合,应用于航班路径规划问题中。建立了引力和斥力的人工势场模型,用于单条改航路径规划;构造了单个人工鱼和适应度函数,采用人工鱼群算法优化改航路径;通过对改航路径的评估和修正,获得满足要求的改航路径。算例仿真结果显示,与现行的改航相比,基于人工势场-人工鱼群算法生成的改航路径总长度缩短了7.6%,表明算法是可行的和有效的。     

地面等待和改航策略的流量管理方法

恶劣天气下,过多的地面等待往往造成终端区的拥堵和航班的过分滞留,充分利用航路容量是解决这一问题的途径之一。结合地面延误程序和改航策略,建立了动态不确定性情况下航班起飞时刻和航路选择模型,基于当前的航班计划,通过迭代算法和Dijkstra算法,获得优化的起飞时刻和航路选择。仿真结果表明,结合改航策略后,可提高航路容量的利用率,航班的总体延误可在一定程度上减少。     

基于改进蚁群算法的改航路径规划研究

当航班遇到恶劣天气或者飞行冲突时,可以采取航班改航策略为需要改航的航班规划出合适的飞行路径。采用栅格法对环境进行建模并且对传统蚁群算法进行改进。首先,在转移概率的计算上加入危险天气的影响等级;其次,在节点选择上采用贝叶斯思想,通过后验概率对候选节点进行评估;最后,通过在短时间内信息素的增量上的差别来增大较优路径和其他路径之间的信息素量的差距,引导算法收敛到最优路径,同时加快算法的收敛速度。经算例分析证明了方法的有效性和可行性。     

散点状分布危险天气区域下的航班改航路径规划

针对沿航线散点状分布的危险天气区域影响下的航班改航问题,提出了基于多目标遗传算法(MOGA)的航班改航路径规划方法。首先建立了基于网格的改航环境模型,并给出散点状分布危险天气区域的描述方法。然后以改航航段的航段距离、平均偏离距离和转弯点个数为目标,应用带精英保留策略的非支配排序遗传算法(NSGA-II)对改航路径规划进行研究,提出了适用于改航路径规划的编码方法,同时引入了删除算子。最后,以昆明—广州航线为例,研究了散点状分布危险天气区域下的改航路径规划,并与基于多边形的改航路径规划算法作了比较。仿真结果表明：采用本文方法运行一次即可得到多条安全、可行的改航路径,且无需先验知识,为决策者选择改航路径提供了充足的依据。     

超级单体雷暴下的改航模型研究

运用形态学的方法,从雷暴图中解析出飞行限制区,并以各个顶点的移动来描述雷暴天气的变化,从而建立危险天气模型。考虑到改航的可行性和便捷性,以最短航段距离和最大转弯角度为限制条件,在航线的两侧设置改航点,建立改航空间。在保证安全间隔的情况下,选择最短的改航路径,并按照航班优先等级确定各个航空器的改航顺序。仿真结果表明,所建模型可以在航路网受超级单体雷暴影响的情况下,为多个航空器规划出改航路径。     

航班改航路径规划研究综述

航班改航飞行是空中交通流量管理的重要组成部分,在发生危险天气时可安全有效地为航班选择一条临时航路,提高了空域的利用率,具有广阔的应用前景。针对航班改航路径规划的研究现状做了系统、全面的分析,按改航实施时间的不同将改航路径规划方法分为两类,即飞行前改航路径规划和实时改航路径规划,并分别予以分析和总结。最后,指出了当前研究中存在的问题和未来改航研究领域的发展方向。     

CDM GDP技术在我国机场流量优化管理中的应用研究

借鉴美国CDM GDP的成功经验,结合我国的实际,对CDM GDP在我国机场流量优化管理中的应用进行了初步的研究.由于恶劣天气等原因,使机场降落容量大幅度降低,必然导致降落航班延误.通过CDM GDP的关键技术RBS和压缩,得到每架延误航班的起飞时间,从而使被延误的航班在起飞机场等待,避免了改航、备降和空中等待等问题,提高了安全性,降低了费用.在满足公平性的同时,使航班的总延误最小.     

飞行冲突条件下基于几何算法的改航策略研究

航班改航飞行是在空域受危险天气及飞行冲突影响时的一种重要策略。针对初始改航航迹的生成,提出了改进的几何圆切法,用其规划出临时航线,绕过危险区。为避免潜在的飞行冲突,应用几何线性规划法进行了改航策略修正。最后,通过对我国现有航路的仿真分析,表明了算法的有效性。     

空中交通管制服务与航班延误

造成航班延误的原因主要有:天气、机务、商务、航空公司的调配、机场地面保障以及空中交通管制等等,其中空中交通管制原因是最复杂的,往往还与其它原因相互关联。因此如何解决空管的难题,就显得尤为突出了。大部分旅客甚至包括许多民航业内人士对空中交通管制的工作内容,空中交通管制如何影响航班运行不甚了解。下面从空中交通管制服务为什么会造成航班延误,以及空中交通管制部门为减少航班延误所做了哪些努力谈谈认识。空中交通管制职责主要是:防止航空器之间相撞,航空器与地面障碍物相撞,确保安全,而加速空中流量,使空中交通更加安全有序…     

The effect of inlet conditions on the flow and heat transfer in multiple rotating cavity with axial throughflow

This paper discusses experimental results from two different build configurations of a heated multiple rotating cavity test rig.Measurements of heat transfer from the discs and tangential velocities are presented.The test rig is a 70% full scale version of a high pressure compressor stack of an axial gas turbine engine.Of particular interest are the internal cylindrical cavities formed by adjacent discs and the interaction of these with a central axial throughflow of cooling air.Tests were carried out for a range of non-dimensional parameters representative of high pressure compressor internal air system flows(Re up to 5×106 and Rez up to 2×105).Two different builds have been tested.The most significant difference between these two build configurations is the size of the annular gap between the(non-rotating) drive shaft and the bores of the discs.The heat transfer data were obtained from thermocouple measurements of surface temperature and a conduction solution method.The velocity measurements were made using a two component,LDA system.The heat transfer results from the discs show differences between the two builds.This is attributed to the wider annular gap allowing more of the throughflow to penetrate into the cavity.There are also significant differences between the radial distributions of tangential velocity in the two builds of the test rig.For the narrow annular gap,there is an increase of non-dimensional tangential velocity V/Ωr with radial location to solid body rotation V/Ωr=1.For the wider annular gap,the non-dimensional velocities show a decrease with radial location to solid body rotation.      

Research on Auto-detection for Remainder Particles of Aerospace Relay Based on Wavelet Analysis

Aerospace relay is one kind of electronic components which is used widely in national defense system and aerospace system. The existence of remainder particles induces the reliability declining, which has become a severe problem in the development of aerospace relay. Traditional particle impact noise detection (PIND) method for remainder detection is ineffective for small particles, due to its low precision and involvement of subjective factors. An auto-detection method for PIND output signals is proposed in this paper, which is based on direct wavelet de-noising (DWD), cross-correlation analysis (CCA) and homo-filtering (HF), the method enhances the affectiv-ity of PIND test about the small particles. In the end, some practical PIND output signals are analysed, and the validity of this new method is proved.     

Preparation of Highly Dispersed Antimony-doped Tin Oxide Nano-powder via Ion-exchange Hydrolysis of SnCl4 and SbCl3 and Azeotropic Drying

Antimony-doped tin hydroxide colloid precipitates have been synthesized by hydrolysis of SnCl4 and SbCl3 using: (1) an ion-exchange hydrolysis to remove chlorine ions, and (2) isoamyl acetate as an azeotropic solvent to obviate water. The obtained dried powder is of high dispersivity without any need for further grinding. The size and dispersivity of the final particles are investigated with the aid of TG-DTA, BET, XRD and TEM. After having calcined, the antimony-doped tin oxide nanopowder possesses a tetragonal rutile structure with high dispersivity, uniform particles and low hard agglomeration.     

Effects of Mo on the Microstructure and Hydrogen Sorption Properties of Ti-Mo Getters

The effects of Mo on the microstructure evolution, porosity and hydrogen sorption properties of Ti-Mo getters are investigated in this work. The results show that the addition of Mo prolongs the densification process of Ti-Mo getters and results in a significant amount of sintered pores. With the Mo content increasing, the porosity of getters firstly increases reaching the maximum value as it at- tains about 7.5wt.%, and then drops. At the room temperature, the hydrogen sorption property of getters increases progressively with the Mo content increasing, but the tendency is not very clear before its content lies below 2.5wt.%. When the Mo content achieves about 7.5wt.%, the hydrogen sorption property proves to be the best. The discussion is made about the above mentioned phenomena inclusive of hydrogen sorption properties of getters under different activation conditions (from 500-750 ℃).     

超声速燃烧数值模拟中的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型

高精度数值模拟有助于理解超声速湍流燃烧中湍流与化学反应的相互作用,可为发动机燃烧室等工程应用设计提供可靠的预测模型。除直接数值模拟外,目前在湍流燃烧应用中使用的大涡模拟和雷诺平均Navier-Stokes模拟均需要借助模型模化发生在湍流小尺度上的流动与化学反应过程对湍流大尺度运动的影响。现有的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型大致可分为:火焰面类模型和概率密度函数类模型,2类模型在不同的应用中各自具有优势和局限性。此外,现有模型大都基于低马赫数燃烧,而超声速燃烧中通常会伴随快速混合、局部熄火和再着火以及激波等复杂过程,这为发展其中的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型提出了更多的挑战。     

适于低轨卫星IP网络的单核共享树组播算法(英文)

为了解决低轨卫星IP网络中现有典型源组播算法的信道资源浪费问题,本文提出了一套单核共享树组播算法,即核心群合并共享树(CCST)和加权核心群合并共享树(w-CCST)算法。CCST 算法包括动态近似中心(DAC)选核方法和核心群合并组播路径构建方法。DAC方法专为周期、规律运动的低轨卫星网络提出,不需要复杂的星上计算。在核心群合并方法中,以核节点作为初始核心群,通过核心群和剩余组成员的最短路径方法逐步扩展直至整棵组播树构建完成,从而使得组播树的树代价最小,大大提高了网络的带宽利用率和组播传输效率。w-CCST 算法中所提出的加权因子可以调整树代价和端到端传播时延之间的折衷程度,因此,可以通过调整加权因子来适度增大树代价、降低端到端传播时延以支持某些端到端时延要求苛刻的实时组播业务。最后,与低轨卫星 IP 网络中典型算法进行了性能比较,仿真结果说明,CCST 算法的平均树代价比其它算法显著降低,w-CCST 算法的平均端到端传播时延小于 CCST 算法。     

Jet Vectoring Control Using a Novel Synthetic Jet Actuator

A primary air jet vectoring control system with a novel synthetic jet actuator (SJA) is presented and simulated numerically. The results show that, in comparison with an existing traditional synthetic jet actuator, which is able to perform the duty of either “push” or “pull”, one novel synthetic jet actuator can fulfill both “push” and “pull” functions to vector the primary jet by shifting a slide block inside it. Therefore, because the new actuator possesses greater efficiency, it has potentiality to replace the existing one in various appli- cations, such as thrust vectoring and the reduction of thermal signature. Moreover, as the novel actuator can fulfill those functions that the existing one can not, it may well be expected to popularize it into more flow control systems.     

Nonlinear Adaptive Slewing Motion Control of Spacecraft Truss Driven by Synchronous V-gimbaled CMG Precession

The slewing motion control of a truss arm driven by a V-gimbaled control-moment-gyro (CMG) is a nonlinear control problem. The V-gimbaled CMG consists of a pair of gyros that must precess synchronously. The moment of inertia of the system, the angular momentum of the gyros and the external disturbances are not exactly known. With the help of feedback linearization and recursive Lyapunov design method, an adaptive nonlinear controller is designed to deal with the unknown items. Performance of the proposed controller is verified by simulation.     

An SOR Implicit Time-accurate Scheme in Calculating Unsteady Flows

A new time-accurate marching scheme for unsteady flow calculations is proposed in the present work. This method is the combination of classical Successive Over-Relaxation (SOR) iteration method and Jacobian matrix diagonally dominant splitting method of LUSGS. One advantage of this algorithm is the second-order accuracy because of no factorization error. Another advantage is the low computational cost because the Jacobian matrices and fluxes are only calculated once in each physical time step. And, the SOR algorithm has better convergence property than Gauss-Seidel. To investigate its accuracy and convergency, several unsteady flow computa- tional tests are carried out by using the proposed SOR algorithm. Roe’s FDS scheme is used to discritize the inviscid flux terms. Un- steady computational results of SOR are compared with the experiment results and those of Gauss-Seidel. Results reveal that the numerical results agree well with the experimental data and the second-order accuracy can be obtained as the Gauss-Seidel for unsteady flow computations. The impact of SOR factor is investigated for unsteady computations by using different SOR factors in this algorithm to simulate each computational test. Different numbers of inner iterations are needed to converge to the same criterion for different SOR factors and optimal choice of SOR factor can improve the computational efficiency greatly.