Rubbing-Induced Vibration Response Analysis of Dual-Rotor-Casing System

Considering gyroscopic effects caused by rotational speed,torsional vibration as well as coupling effects among inner rotor,out rotor and casing,a dynamic model of the dual-rotor-casing system is established using finite element(FE)method.By comparing the natural characteristics obtained from MATLAB and ANSYS,the developed model is verified.Then rubbing-induced vibration responses in dual-rotor-casing system are analyzed.The effects of rotational speed and speed ratio on rubbing vibration responses of the system are discussed.Results show that different combined frequency components will appear in the spectrum except two unbalanced excitation frequencies and their multiple frequency components,and these frequencies can be used as the dual-rotor aero-engine rubbing failure diagnosis frequencies when rubbing occurs.Besides,the amplitude of torsional vibration is larger than that of lateral vibration under the same working condition,and speed ratio has a great impact on the periodicity of the system rubbing-induced motion trajectory.The amplitude of rubbing-induced responses under counter-rotation is less than that under co-rotation with the same parameters.     

尾流作用下对转涡轮叶片振动的流固耦合数值分析

采用对转涡轮设计可以提高喷气发动机的推重比.本文应用ANSYS/CFX软件,采用流固耦合数值分析方法对低压涡轮转子叶片进行了分析.对一定的涡轮工况,得到了高压涡轮转子叶片尾流作用下的低压涡轮转子叶片振动的应力和变形变化规律.采用傅里叶变换,对流体激励力、叶片应力及变形相应进行频谱分析,结果表明:在复杂来流激励下,叶片的第一阶振动较易被激起;但高阶振动响应不可忽略;而且叶身温度场不同,被激起的振动阶次也不同.     

Effects of Tightening Torque on Dynamic Characteristics of Low Pressure Rotors Connected by a Spline Coupling

A rotor dynamic model is built up for investigating the effects of tightening torque on dynamic characteristics of low pressure rotors connected by a spline coupling.The experimental rotor system is established using a fluted disk and a speed sensor which is applied in an actual aero engine for speed measurement.Through simulating calculation and experiments,the effects of tightening torque on the dynamic characteristics of the rotor system connected by a spline coupling including critical speeds,vibration modes and unbalance responses are analyzed.The results show that when increasing the tightening torque,the first two critical speeds and the amplitudes of unbalance response gradually increase in varying degrees while the vibration modes are essentially unchanged.In addition,changing axial and circumferential positions of the mass unbalance can lead to various amplitudes of unbalance response and even the rates of change.     

探针支杆尾迹对压气机转子叶片振动特性的影响研究

针对某轴流压气机试验中出现的第一级转子叶片振动应变信号突增现象,开展了不同构型探针支杆尺寸对压气机转子叶片振动特性影响的对比试验.通过对比不同构型探针支杆尺寸、不同安装布局下转子叶片振动信号的变化,证实了进口探针支杆尺寸是诱发转子叶片异常振动的主要原因.同时采用流固耦合数值模拟方法,分析了探针支杆尾迹诱发转子叶片共振的...     

直升机双叶旋翼／旋翼轴系统耦合动稳定性分析和试验

研究了直升机双叶旋翼桨叶摆振与旋翼轴弯曲的耦合振动，分析了系统三个模态固有频率随转速增长的变化趋势。着重研究了耦合各模态中存在着不稳定区的模态，并讨论了桨右质量、旋摆振方向刚度、旋翼轴弯曲刚度对此模态不稳定区的影响。利用实物在组合台架上进行了试验，测量了旋翼，旋翼轴及其支持系统的动应变，找出了旋翼谐波激振力作用下的共振点，从而验证了上述分析结果。本文还通过改变系统参数，检验了系统固有频率的变化情况     

直升机旋翼失衡特性分析

旋翼桨叶相互不平衡，是引起直升机附加振动的主要原因之一，减小桨叶间不平衡（本文称失衡）引起的直升机附加振动，工程上依据旋翼失衡诊断的方法，旋翼失衡诊断技术是正在研究的课题之一。本文针对旋翼失衡诊断技术中的旋翼失衡特性分析，应用叶素理论，导出直升机旋翼失衡情况下，桨叶的运动特性和引起的附加激振力特性的数学分析模型。为验证数学分析模型，对某旋翼试算了失衡下桨叶运动特性和附加激振力特性。结果表明，数字分析模型是合理的．本文为旋翼失衡特性分析提供了一种理论分析、计算方法。     

回转周期结构的振动特性分析

本文阐述了回转周期结构振动特性分析的有限无法。文中采用扇形厚板元和波传动法,计算了叶轮组合件的振动特性,比较了叶轮组合件与单独叶片及轮盘振动特性的差异,並讨论了叶轮组合件几何参数变化对其振动特性的影响。     

Stick-Slip Tower-Shaped Piezoelectric Actuator

Since stick-slip actuators present the advantage of allowing long displacements(several centimeters or even more)at a high speed with an ultra high resolution(5nm),a new type of stick-slip piezoelectric actuator is proposed to attain sub-nanometer positioning accuracy.The actuator is composed of a slider and a tower-shaped stator using forced bending vibration in y-z plane to generate tangential vibration on the top of the driving foot.When excited by the sawtooth input voltage,driving foot of the stator is able to generate a tangential asymmetrical vibration on the top,and the slider is thus pushed to move.A prototype and its testing equipment are fabricated and described.Following that,the testing of vibration mode and mechanical characteristics as well as stepping characteristics are conducted.Experimental results show that under the condition that the sawtooth input voltage is400VP-Pand the pre-pressure is 6N.Velocity of the actuator reaches its maximum 1.2mm/s at the frequency of 8000 Hz and drops to its minimum 35nm/s at the frequency of 1Hz.When the excitation signal is the single-phase sawtooth stepping signal,the tower-shaped actuator can directionally move forward or backward step by step.And when excited by the sawtooth stepping signal with 1Hz and 300VP-Pduring 1cycle(200ms),the actuator has a minimum stepping distance of 22 nm.     

Dynamics Modeling and Numerical Analysis of Rotor with Elastic Support/Dry Friction Dampers

The elastic support/dry friction damper is a type of damper which is used for active vibration control in a rotor system.To establish the analytical model of this type of damper,a two-dimensional friction model-ball/plate model was proposed.By using this ball/plate model,a dynamics model of rotor with elastic support/dry friction dampers was established and experimentally verified.Moreover,the damping performance of the elastic support/dry friction damper was studied numerically with respect to some variable parameters.The numerical study shows that the damping performance of the elastic support/dry friction damper is closely related to the stiffness distribution of the rotor-support system,the damper location,the pressing force between the moving and stationary disk,the friction coefficient,the tangential contact stiffness of the contact interface,and the stiffness of the stationary disk.In general,the damper should be located on an elastic support which has a large vibration amplitude in order to achieve a better damping performance,and the more vibration energy in this elastic support concentrates,the better performance of the damper will be.The larger the tangential contact stiffness of the contact interface,and the stiffness of the stationary disk are,the better performance of the damper will be.There will be an optimal value of the friction force at which the damper performs best.     

直升机阵风响应缓和控制律设计

阵风响应缓和研究对于具有强耦合和振动的直升机非常重要，阵风扰动不仅影响直升机的乘座品质和武器投放精度，而且影响直升机的疲劳载荷和强度。本提出直升机抑制阵风扰动的最优控制律设计方法。优化性能指标要求在阵风扰动下驾驶员处法向过载、飞机姿态变化以及控制信号能量损耗最小。最终所综合的系统工程实现简便，只需在直升机姿态控制系统基础上增加垂直升降速率反馈通道即可。最后使用C语言实现控制律并进行半物理仿真。仿真结果表明，控制律优化及数字化实现的效果是令人满意的。     

SMART STRUCTURES USING PIEZOELEMENTS FOR ACTIVE VIBRATION AND NOISE SUPPRESSION IN AVIATION AND AEROSPACE

具有减振降噪功能的压电智能结构是智能材料与结构的一个重要分支。在航空航天领域存在一些典型结构,如飞机机舱、空间站、卫星太阳能帆板和通讯天线以及直升机旋翼等,其振动与辐射噪声造成很多不利影响。为了研究这些结构的振动与噪声控制方法,制作了几个实验模型如大型薄壁复合材料圆桶、柔性梁、钢架及旋翼系统模型,通过压电传感器、驱动器布置数量和位置的优化,采用不同的控制算法,在基于个人计算机的测控平台上进行了振动控制实验,取得了明显的减振降噪效果。     

计及诱速不均匀挥扭耦合的直升机侧风稳操特性

本文研究了无铰旋翼直升机在侧风下的稳定性和操纵件。旋翼动力学模型采取挥舞-变距(包括操纵系统的弹性变形)-扭转耦合的模型,桨盘诱速模型采用广义涡流理论所导出的诱速分布。推出的表达式除适用于研究侧风的影响外,还可以进一步研究剖面质心、气动力中心,弹性轴位置、操纵系统刚度和桨叶剖面扭转刚度对直升机稳定性和操纵性的影响。 本文以某典型直升机为例,详细考虑了诱速分布、挥扭耦合和侧风对直升机稳定性和操纵性的影响,计算结果和试飞数据有较好的一致。     

风力机变速变桨的LQG/LTR鲁棒控制

针对变速变桨风力机实际工况下同时存在外界输入噪声及内部测量噪声的问题,采用线性二次型/回路传输恢复(Linear quadratic Gauss/loop transfer recovery,LQG/LTR)方法设计改善某风力机叶轮转速及塔架前后弯曲模态的控制器,增强风力机系统在随机干扰下的鲁棒性能。根据风力机空气动力学的圆盘理论和叶素理论,求解风力机受到的扭矩和推力。基于变速变桨风力机的线化模型,分别进行LQG和LQG/LTR控制器设计,分别仿真输出风力机的叶轮转速、塔架塔顶位移和桨距角时间变化曲线。仿真结果表明,LQG/LTR控制器在满足系统控制目标的情况下,可显著提高风力机系统的鲁棒性能及稳定性。     

某型航空发动机燃气涡轮叶片和盘结构静力学分析

首先采用UG软件对某型发动机燃汽涡轮两级轮盘/叶片进行三维实体建模,导入ANSYS Workbench软件后以solid87、conta174(接触面单元)和targe170(目标单元)单元类型划分网格,建立了考虑盘与叶片及盘与盘间接触影响的有限元模型。通过对涡轮结构的静力学分析,可以清楚地显示其应力分布,找出应力集中点,验证其静强度可靠性,并为进一步的模态分析和瞬态分析打下基础。     

智能桨叶振动自适应控制研究

以德国宇航研究院的智能桨叶为原型，研究了智能桨叶振动控制的实时仿真。以两台高速信号处理器（ＤＳＰ）为核心，辅以其他器件，构造智能桨叶振动控制实时仿真系统。其中一台ＤＳＰ用于智能桨叶动态特性的实时在线模拟，另一台用于实时控制。所提出的采用ＭＸ滤波器模拟智能桨叶的动态特性和反馈与自适应前馈组合控制方法均由专用汇编程序实现。在此系统上实现了对智能桨叶在４Ω、８Ω（Ω为旋翼转速）谐和激励下桨叶振动的控制，     

圆柱-球体三自由度超声电机及其控制

研制了一种一阶纵振和二阶弯振模态组合的圆柱-球体三自由度超声电机。研究了其中两个自由度的运动轨迹跟踪控制策略,并将其应用于电机样机的控制。其中,运转速度的控制采用激励电压幅值调节法,针对位置控制提出了两种运动轨迹控制策略一种是逐点比较控制,另一种是矢量分解控制。本文提出了调节激励电压幅值的3种脉冲宽度调制(PWM)方法,对这些方法作了比较,并通过一系列实验得到验证。结果表明当改变激励电压幅值时,保持3个振动模态的相位差不变和激励电压信号不失真,是简化控制过程、提高控制性能的关键;矢量控制法效果较好,并有轨迹跟踪误差小、运动平稳和噪声小等优点。     

CFM56-7B发动机叶片振动模态分析

以CFM56-7B发动机高压压气机第一级转子叶片为研究对象,讨论其模态分析理论,采用Pro/E建立实体模型,利用有限元软件ANSYS进行模态分析。通过数字模拟结果,分析其振动特性,讨论其在各工作点振动响应,从而为提高叶片动态特性,优化叶片检查和维修技术提供依据。     

航空发动机风扇叶片振动适航符合性设计方法

对航空发动机风扇叶片振动适航符合性设计方法开展了研究。采用非均匀有理B样条实现风扇叶片型线的设计,通过各截面型线质心实现风扇叶片积叠成型;建立榫头的草图,拉伸生成风扇叶片的圆弧榫;考虑强度、振动特性,实现伸根段的设计。从振动适航条款CCAR 33.83的要求出发,给出了风扇叶片振动符合性的验证方法,基于建立的风扇叶片模型,采用有限元方法对风扇叶片的振动特性和振动应力进行计算。计算结果表明,在整个飞行包线环境下,该风扇叶片的振动特性和振动应力水平满足振动的适航条款要求,为风扇叶片的振动符合性设计与验证提供了依据。     

The Coupled CFD/Free-Wake Method for Numerical Prediction of Rotor BVI Noise

A coupled Navier-Stokes/free-wake method is developed to predict the rotor aerodynamics and wake.The widely-used Farassat 1 Aformulation is adopted to predict the rotor noise.In the coupled method,the Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes(RANS)solver is established to simulate complex aerodynamic phenomena around blade and the tip-wake is captured by a free-wake model without numerical dissipation in the off-body wake zone.To overcome the time-consuming of the coupling strategy in previous studies,a more efficient coupling strategy is presented,by which only the induced velocity on the outer boundary grid need to be calculated.In order to obtain blade control settings,a delta trimming procedure is developed,which is more efficient than traditional trim method in the calculation of Jacobian matrix.Several flight conditions are simulated to demonstrate the validity of the coupled method.Then the rotor noise of operational load survey(OLS)is studied by the developed method as an application and the computational results are shown to be in good agreements with the available experimental data.     

电励磁双凸极电机两种电动控制策略的分析和比较

讨论了QFW—18电励磁双凸极起动／发电系统在电动运行时的两种控制策略，对其进行了理论上的分析，井在QFW-18kW样机上进行了实验研究。结果表明，双凸极起动／发电系统在电动运行时通过对两种控制策略的结合，能较好地解决航空发动机在起动过程中双凸极电机与发动机的转速及转矩的匹配问题。