Performance Analysis and Power Allocation for Cooperative SSK System with Receive Correlation in Rayleigh Fading Channel

In this paper,the performance analysis of cooperative space shift keying(SSK)system with dual-hop amplify and forward(AF)in receive-correlated Rayleigh channel is presented. By means of the performance analysis,a closed-form approximate expression of the average bit error rate(BER)is derived for the performance evaluation.With this expression,in a high signal-to-noise-ratio(SNR)region,a tight closed-form asymptotic BER of the system is also derived. It can simplify the calculation of average BER and provide effective evaluation for asymptotic performance. By minimizing this asymptotic BER expression,a suboptimum power allocation(PA) scheme is developed,and the closed-form PA coefficients are obtained. Simulation indicates that the suboptimal PA scheme outperforms the conventional equal PA scheme,and its performance is very close to that of the exhaustive search based optimal PA scheme but with low complexity. Moreover,the system performance under the spatially correlated channel is worse than that in spatially independent channel due to the effect of spatial correlation.     

自适应阵列天线中应用Kalman补偿算法的探讨

为了补偿在自适应阵列天线中应用Kalman算法时,由于模型误差和计算误差所引起的自适应阵列天线性能的损失,本文引入Kalman补偿算法,即自适应Kalman渐消记忆滤波算法及自适应Kalman参量识别滤波算法,获得了有益的结果。最后在上述两种算法的基础上,导出了一种新的算法,该算法具有上述两种算法的优点。     

An Adaptive Transmission Scheme for Deep Space Communication

Deep space communication is quite different from conventional ground communication due to its time-varying,complexity and large signal delay,which consequently affects communication quality and system efficiency.Adjusting the transmission parameters when the channel environment changes during the communication can guarantee the performance index of the system,and therefore improve communication efficiency. An adaptive transmission scheme of transceiver based on Consultative Committee for Space Data Systems(CCSDS)protocols is proposed in this paper. According to the variation of the deep space channel,the symbol rate of transmission data is adjusted dynamically by estimating the signal-to-noise ratio(SNR) of the receiver in real time and adjusting the channel environment. This scheme can improve the channel utilization and system throughput under the premise of limiting the system bit error rate. Furthermore,this scheme is successfully implemented in Xilinx Virtex-5 FPGA board.     

机载雷达近程杂波高效自适应抑制算法

针对机载雷达近程杂波抑制提出了一种高效俯仰向空域自适应处理算法。该算法从雷达系统设计出发,在每一次相干积累时间内采用仅包含近程杂波的第一个填零脉冲为训练样本。同时,在俯仰向进行降维处理形成和、差波束,并基于旁瓣相消原理利用俯仰差波束自适应对消和波束中的近程杂波。理论分析和仿真结果表明,本文方案能高效滤除近程杂波,且俯仰主波束保形性能好,运算量小,适合工程应用。     

无线流媒体系统的多模式自适应缓冲设计

针对无线传输流媒体带宽不足和信道具有时变特性的问题,文章提出了一种基于服务器端和客户端联合控制的多模式自适应缓冲方案,经过工程实践证明,该方案可提高无线视频QoS。该方案的基本思想是:系统分模式创建缓冲区;针对无线传输时延抖动大和丢包率高的特点,设计了改进的二维索引表进行RTP包快速排序;综合应用了关键帧丢失自动请求重发和阈值内错误掩盖策略。接收端自适应缓冲RTP数据包,统计网络信道参数,返回给本机和服务器动态调整相应缓冲区参数;服务器调整H.264编码器码率和发送速率完成拥塞控制。     

Performance of Cross-Layer Design with Power Allocation in Space-Time Coded MIMO Systems

A cross-layer design（CLD）scheme with combination of power allocation,adaptive modulation（AM）and automatic repeat request（ARQ）is presented for space-time coded MIMO system under imperfect feedback,and the corresponding system performance is investigated in a Rayleigh fading channel.Based on imperfect feedback information,a suboptimal power allocation（PA）scheme is derived to maximize the average spectral efficiency（SE）of the system.The scheme is based on a so-called compressed SNR criterion,and has a closed-form expression for positive power allocation,thus being computationally efficient.Moreover,it can improve SE of the presented CLD.Besides,due to better approximation,it obtains the performance close to the existing optimal approach which requires numerical search.Simulation results show that the proposed CLD with PA can achieve higher SE than the conventional CLD with equal power allocation scheme,and has almost the same performance as CLD with optimal PA.However,it has lower calculation complexity.     

Analysis on Output Power for Multi-direction Piezoelectric Vibration Energy Harvester

To predict the performance of multi-direction piezoelectric vibration energy harvester,an equation for calculating its output power is obtained based on elastic mechanics theory and piezoelectricity theory.Experiments are performed to verify theoretical analysis.When the excitation direction is along Y direction,a maximal output power about 0.139 mW can be harvested at a resistive load of 65kΩ and an excitation frequency of 136 Hz.Theoretical analysis agrees well with experimental results.Furthermore,the performance of multi-direction vibration energy harvester is experimentally tested.The results show that the multi-direction vibration energy harvester can harvest perfect energy as the excitation direction changes in XY plane,YZ plane,XZ plane and body diagonal plane of the harvester.     

微机控制能量补偿型TIG焊电源的研究

本文通过对电弧形态的分析,弧长波动对熔宽和电弧电流分散度的影响等测试,提出在纯氩气氛中,当弧长波动时,欲使有效热功率恒定,最佳电源外特性应用是能量补偿型电源外特性,通过大量薄板ＴＩＧ焊接实验,建立了能量补偿电源外行性数学模型,并成功地研制了８０９８单片微机控制的能量补偿型ＴＩＧ焊电源系统。     

Fault Tolerant Control Scheme Design for Formation Flight Control System of Multiple Unmanned Aerial Vehicles

The command tracking problem of formation flight control system(FFCS)for multiple unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs)with sensor faults is discussed.And the objective of the addressed control problem is to design a robust fault tolerant tracking controller such that,for the disturbances and sensor faults,the closed-loop system is asymptotically stable with a given disturbance attenuation level.A robust fault tolerant tracking control scheme,combining an observer with H∞ performance,is proposed.Furthermore,it is proved that the designed controller can guarantee asymptotic stability of FFCS despite sensor faults.Finally,a simulation of two UAV formations is employed to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.     

高超声速飞行器自适应抗饱和再入控制

高超声速飞行器（Hypersonic vehicle,HSV）再入过程中易发生舵面饱和现象,并且其动力学模型具有强烈不确定的特征,这导致其姿态控制系统的设计极富挑战性。针对舵面受限的非线性控制问题,提出外部Anti windup系统结合二阶Terminal滑模控制律的设计方法,能够实现对气动舵面饱和的控制补偿,使HSV快速平稳地跟踪指令信号。其次,针对HSV的强不确定控制问题,提出自适应滑模干扰观测器（Adaptive sliding mode disturbance observer,ASMDO）的方法来对再入气动参数不确定及强外界干扰进行估计,此方法无需干扰界已知且学习参数少,适合实时控制。最后, 再入姿态控制的仿真结果表明了该控制方法的有效性和强鲁棒性。     

多功能水冷壁排管爬壁机器人的研制

介绍了一种新研制开发的永磁吸附式双履带结构爬壁机器人,主要应用于火力发电站的大型排管锅炉中的水冷壁排管壁面的清扫和检测,并能够在检测到壁面厚度小于预置的极限值处发出报警信号、打标记,具有较高的推广应用价值。文中阐述了该机器人的结构、磁路的优化设计、自动测厚、打标系统和控制系统的研制。目前,该机器人已经经过多次现场试验。各项指标均已达到设计要求。     

移动Ad Hoc网络中一种前向机密的匿名路由方案

传统移动Ad Hoc网络匿名路由方案主要基于公钥加密手段构建匿名路径.然而,一旦参与通信的节点私钥泄满,则匿名路径也会连带泄漏.针对这一问题,本文提出一种具有前向机密性的匿名路由(Forward secureanonymous routing,FSAR)方案.在FSAR中,节点通过基于伪名和双线性对的密钥协商机制动态协商会话密钥,并以此构建前向机密的洋葱路由完成匿名通信.理论分析和仿真实验表明,FSAR可有效解决传统匿名路由方案的前向机密隐患,同时在网络性能方面有更好的表现.     

Sliding Mode Fault Tolerant Attitude Control Scheme for Spacecraft with Actuator Faults

An active fault tolerant control scheme is investigated for the attitude control systems of spacecraft with external disturbance and actuator faults by using the sliding mode technique. Firstly,the dynamic equations and kinematic equations of spacecraft are given. For the dynamic mode of spacecraft in faulty case,a fault diagnosis component is used for fault detection and estimation by using a nonlinear observer. According to the fault estimation information obtained during the fault diagnosis,the fault tolerant control scheme is developed by adopting the backstepping sliding mode control technique. Meanwhile,the Lyapunov theory is used to analyze the stability of the closed-loop attitude systems. Finally,simulation results for the attitude dynamics models show the feasibility of the proposed fault tolerant scheme.     

多时滞不确定系统鲁棒稳定控制器的设计

本文给出多重状态滞后不确定系统鲁棒稳定控制器的设计方法，通过适当构造Ｌｙａｐｕｎｏｖ函数，使设计的控制系统闭环稳定，并具有一定的鲁棒性，最后给出一例子，说明本文提出的鲁棒稳定控制器的设计方法。     

不确定串联非线性系统具有L2增益的鲁棒自适应控制

研究了一类含有未知参数和干扰的串联非线性系统H∞鲁棒自适应控制问题。结合H∞控制和自适应控制，基于李亚普诺夫函数递推设计方法设计了H∞状态反馈自适应控制器，并且得出了控制器的精确解，避免了求解HJI不等式设计控制器的困难。该控制器不仅保证闭环系统ISS稳定，而且使得系统对于所有允许的参数不确定从干扰输入以可控输出的L2增益不大于给定的值。仿真结果表明了所设计的控制器的可行性和有效性。     

Adaptive Backstepping Control for Hypersonic Vehicles with Actuator Amplitude and Rate Saturation

This paper presents a constrained control strategy for the hypersonic vehicle with actuator amplitude,rate constraints and aerodynamic uncertainties. First,a vehicle-actuator control model is derived in consideration of actuator dynamics properties explicitly. Second, a nonlinear disturbance observer is designed to estimate the aerodynamic uncertainties, and then an adaptive backstepping control technique is adopted with a modified first-order-filter to eliminate the"explosion of terms"problem. Next,for handling the actuator amplitude and rate constraints,a novel auxiliary compensation system is constructed to generate quickly compensating signals to ensure tracking performance of command signal. By the Lyapunov stability proof,the proposed control scheme can enssure that the tracking errors converge to an arbitrarily small neighborhood around zero when the actuator constraints and aerodynamic uncertainties exist. Finally,numerical simulations are implemented to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed control method.     

Geo-location for Ground Target with Multiple Observations Using Unmanned Aerial Vehicle

In order to improve the target location accuracy of unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV),a novel target location method using multiple observations is proposed.Firstly,the camera intrinsic parameters are calibrated.Then,the weighted least squares estimation is used to improve the localization precision because the traditional crossover method is vulnerable to noise and has low precision.By repeatedly measuring the same target point,a nonlinear observation equation is established and then covered to linear equations using Taylor expansion.The weighted matrix is obtained according to the height of the measurement point and the camera optic axis pointing angle,and then the weighted least squares estimation is used to calculate the target position iteratively.Finally,the effectiveness and robustness of this method is verified by numerical simulation and flight test.The results show that this method can effectively improve the precision of target location.     

小阻尼动态系统的时域自适应反馈主动阻尼设计

针对在前馈／反馈混合控制中提高控制通道阻尼的问题,基于自适应滤波理论,提出适用于单输入单输出(SISO)和多输入多输出(MIMO)控制通道的时域自适应反馈主动阻尼设计方法。研究了自适应过程的理想期望信号的构造、SISO情况下闭环控制通道与反馈控制器同时进行自适应设计以及MIMO控制通道阻尼问题的简化与设计方法的拓展等问题;同时,基于某主动隔振试验平台的实测结果,对所有研究内容进行SIMULINK模型仿真。时域自适应反馈主动阻尼设计是高效的主动阻尼设计方法,并且为小阻尼动态系统的增阻设计提供了统一的方法框架。     

具有输入约束的飞机姿态L1自适应控制

针对具有模型不确定性、控制舵面故障以及非线性干扰的飞机俯仰姿态控制问题,基于L1自适应方法设计增广控制器。设计合适带宽的低通滤波器,以满足控制器快速自适应要求,保证系统输入输出信号的一致性能有界。考虑伺服控制实际存在的幅值约束,推导出所设计的自适应控制系统的稳定性条件及其性能界,即忽略幅值约束时,选择足够大的自适应增益,闭环系统性能能够任意接近参考系统;考虑幅值约束时,闭环系统的性能可以通过增大自适应增益得以改善,但是不能任意接近参考系统。仿真验证了所设计的飞机姿态控制系统的有效性,结果表明控制器对有界不确定性和干扰具有鲁棒性,同时满足输入约束要求。     

一种适用于推挽电路的低损耗型IGBT吸收回路

本文提出了一种适用于推挽线路的ＩＧＢＴ低损耗吸收回路,分析了该电路的工作原理。进行了能量损耗地计算,并与传统电路进行了比较,提供了实验数据。