波音737系列飞机结构修理类型分类方法

根据FAA颁发的AASR的要求,2010年12月20日以后,波音737-系列飞机的维护计划中需包含损伤容限的基本检查要求。波音依据AASR的要求对需要进行损伤容限分析的结构修理的批准实施了新的方法。新方法的实施,导致波音对结构修理类型分类法方法和批准方式的改变。     

运输类旋翼航空器传动系统疲劳容限评定适航符合性方法简析

介绍了基于适航要求的旋翼航空器结构的疲劳容限评定方法发展情况,提出了一种适用于运输类旋翼航空器传动系统的金属结构主要结构件（PSE）的疲劳容限评定方法。该方法基于安全-寿命法计算退役时间,并基于明显可检缺陷（CDF）安全寿命检查和破损-安全法计算检查间隔,可为后续旋翼航空器传动系统的研制及适航符合性验证提供借鉴。     

关注老龄飞机的结构修理

对于取证时未按照损伤容限标准要求的老龄飞机,现有的机身上的修理未必能满足损伤容限要求,所以存在安全隐患。航空公司应按照飞机制造厂家提供的修理评估指南,开展对老龄飞机的结构修理评估工作。     

民航飞机结构疲劳裂纹生长机理及检查方案探讨

从民用航空规章对民航飞机结构的疲劳损伤审定要求出发,通过对结构部件疲劳裂纹的产生及生长机理进行分析,阐释结构损伤容限设计理论的相关要求,并通过制定有效的检查方案确保民航飞机服役期限内的结构完整性。     

机身蒙皮孔边裂纹修理的损伤容限评定

针对某型飞机机身蒙皮天线通过孔出现的裂纹,给出了具体的修理方案,结合结构几何特点和受载形式建立了修理结构的有限元细节模型,利用损伤容限分析流程及方法,进行了裂纹扩展分析和剩余强度分析,给出了开裂部位的裂纹扩展寿命和检查周期。分析结果显示,给定的修理方案满足损伤容限设计要求。该损伤容限分析流程及分析方法可以为此类结构修理的损伤容限评定提供参考。     

A320老龄飞机记录审查与修理评估

在长期运营过程中,空客A320老龄飞机因结构腐蚀、疲劳裂纹和意外损伤等原因产生了大量的结构修理和改装项目。开展对结构修理和改装记录的审查和评估,制定并执行结构修理附加检查方案,确保所有旧的加强修理合法有效且符合最新规章的要求,是保证老龄飞机结构安全的重要措施。     

止裂孔尺寸对止裂效果影响的研究

当航空器结构在航线使用过程中出现疲劳裂纹损伤时,通常在裂纹尖端打止裂孔进行临时性修理。通过理论分析和计算及试验分析,研究了止裂孔尺寸对止裂效果的影响。结果表明,当航空器结构出现疲劳裂纹损伤时,采用5.57～7.14mm直径的止裂孔进行止裂修理,止裂效果较好;当止裂孔直径为6.35mm时,止裂效果最好。     

飞机结构广布疲劳损伤的研究进展

老龄飞机结构的广布疲劳损伤（WFD）严重危害结构的完整性,成为近几年保证飞机结构完整性的研究热点之一。传统的损伤容限分析对广布疲劳损伤结构不适用,含WFD结构中多个裂纹之间的相互作用使得结构的损伤容限评估复杂化。介绍了国内外老龄飞机结构广布疲劳损伤研究的进展情况,包括应力强度因子、剩余强度、裂纹扩展以及裂纹形成的研究,展望了进一步研究的方向。     

直升机机体结构疲劳和损伤容限设计

为保证直升机结构安全可靠、经济、易维护,疲劳强度工作应贯穿整个设计研制和使用过程.在直升机研制过程中,结构疲劳强度工作分为结构细节设计的疲劳设计阶段,初步疲劳和损伤容限评估和最终疲劳和损伤容限评估,三个阶段.本文对各阶段疲劳工作的内容和方法,以及飞行谱的编制和飞行载荷谱的计算等疲劳关键问题进行了简略的评述.为我国直升机结构疲劳设计工作提供一些可供借鉴的思路.     

先进飞机典型结构关键部位损伤容限分析研究

通过改进的裂纹扩展分析程序对飞机关键部位进行相应载荷谱下的损伤容限分析和评定,依据关键部位模拟试件的损伤容限试验结果,确切给出该关键部位的损伤扩展能力评估并预测扩展寿命和剩余强度。全尺寸疲劳试验根据损伤容限评定结论进行了检查,保证了试验的成功,取得了良好的效果。     

有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计难点问题

有翼高超声速再入飞行器是近年来的研究热点,气动设计是飞行器设计的关键。为了更清楚地认识有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计的难点问题,对有翼高超声速再入飞行器的发展、优势及总体任务剖面进行了介绍,从5个方面详细介绍了该类飞行器气动设计的难点问题,包括多约束复杂面对称气动布局设计、高温真实气体效应对气动特性影响、天地差异与天地换算方法、反作用控制系统(RCS)喷流干扰对气动特性的影响以及气动数据不确定度等,简要阐明了这些难点问题对总体设计的重要性以及初步的解决思路,为有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计提供了一些参考。     

Simulation and Analysis of Crashworthiness of Fuel Tank for Helicopters

Crashworthiness requirement of fuel tanks is one of the important requirements in helicopter designs. The relations among the protection frame, textile layer and rubber layer of the fuel tank are introduced. Two appropriate FE models are established, one is for an uncovered helicopter fuel tank without protection frame, and the other is for fuel tank with protection frame. The dynamic responses of the two types of fuel tanks impinging on the ground with velocities of 17.3 m/s are numerically simulated for the purpose of analyzing energy-absorbing capabilities of the textile layer and protection frame. The feasibility of the current crashworthiness design of the fuel tank is examined though comparing the dynamic response behaviors of the two fuel tanks.     

The effect of inlet conditions on the flow and heat transfer in multiple rotating cavity with axial throughflow

This paper discusses experimental results from two different build configurations of a heated multiple rotating cavity test rig.Measurements of heat transfer from the discs and tangential velocities are presented.The test rig is a 70% full scale version of a high pressure compressor stack of an axial gas turbine engine.Of particular interest are the internal cylindrical cavities formed by adjacent discs and the interaction of these with a central axial throughflow of cooling air.Tests were carried out for a range of non-dimensional parameters representative of high pressure compressor internal air system flows(Re up to 5×106 and Rez up to 2×105).Two different builds have been tested.The most significant difference between these two build configurations is the size of the annular gap between the(non-rotating) drive shaft and the bores of the discs.The heat transfer data were obtained from thermocouple measurements of surface temperature and a conduction solution method.The velocity measurements were made using a two component,LDA system.The heat transfer results from the discs show differences between the two builds.This is attributed to the wider annular gap allowing more of the throughflow to penetrate into the cavity.There are also significant differences between the radial distributions of tangential velocity in the two builds of the test rig.For the narrow annular gap,there is an increase of non-dimensional tangential velocity V/Ωr with radial location to solid body rotation V/Ωr=1.For the wider annular gap,the non-dimensional velocities show a decrease with radial location to solid body rotation.      

突破技术趋同，波音再现竞争优势

 波音公司面临着来自空客公司的巨大挑战,企业战略性创新才是公司成功的关键。为此波音公司的全部战略性研究集中在扩大产品的差异性上,体现在3个方面：电子化（e-Enabled）运营环境、整体复合材料机身部件的制造技术和支持波音787客机的全球协同环境（GCE）。     

临近空间飞行器测控与信息传输系统频段选择

 临近空间飞行器是高性能信息化武器平台,测控（TT&;C）与信息传输系统是其信息保障的核心,而选择合理、可行的频段是展开系统设计的前提和基础。频段选择影响到整个技术方案的制定,是一个需综合考虑、影响深远并具有战略意义的关键问题,从国际电联（ITU）国际标准、高速数传、接收信噪比（SNR）、“三抗”、超视距中继、黑障、雨衰以及设备研制成熟度8个方面全面、细致论证了近空间平台测控系统的频段选择问题,最终得出在视距链路中以Ka频段为宜,在超视距链路中以Ku/Ka双频段为宜的结论。     

基于弯曲激波压缩系统的高超声速进气道反设计研究进展

总结了近十年来弯曲激波压缩研究的主要成果。提出了弯曲激波压缩系统的新概念,即利用特殊设计的楔形弯曲压缩面或空间弯曲压缩面,产生一系列与前缘弱激波相互交汇或叠加的压缩波系,从而使前缘激波弯曲,形成特殊的弯曲激波,它与波后的等熵压缩波来共同完成对气流的压缩。在此基础上,实现了由给定出口气动参数的超声速内流道反设计,实现了由给定压缩面压力分布和给定压缩面马赫数分布要求的型面反设计,实现了由给定激波波面的压缩型面反设计。研究证明,弯曲压缩面-弯曲激波压缩系统具有良好的综合气动性能,为高性能高超声速进气系统的气动设计提供了一种全新的设计方法。     

Experimental Study on Effects of Fuel Injection on Scramjet Combustor Performance

In order to investigate the effects of fuel injection distribution on the scramjet combustor performance, there are conducted three sets of test on a hydrocarbon fueled direct-connect scramjet test facility. The results of Test A, whose fuel injection is carried out with injectors located on the top-wall and the bottom-wall, show that the fuel injection with an appropriate close-front and centralized distribution would be of much help to optimize combustor performances. The results of Test B, whose fuel injection is performed at the optimal injection locations found in Test A, with a given equivalence ratio and different injection proportions for each injector, show that this injection mode is of little benefit to improve combustor performances. The results of Test C with a circumferential fuel injection distribution displaies the possibility of ameliorating combustor performance. By analyzing the effects of injection location parameters on combustor performances on the base of the data of Test C, it is clear that the injector location has strong coupled influences on combus- tor performances. In addition, an inner-force synthesis specific impulse is used to reduce the errors caused by the disturbance of fuel supply and working state of air heater while assessing combustor performances.     

(高)超声速流动试验技术及研究进展

近年来,与高速飞行器相关的(高)超声速流动受到了极大的关注。这类流动所具有的非定常性、强梯度和可压缩性对试验方法和风洞设计技术提出了挑战。超声速纳米示踪平面激光散射(NPLS)技术是由作者所在团队研发的非接触光学测试技术。它能够以较高的空间分辨率来揭示超声速三维流场的一个瞬态剖面的时间解析的流动结构。介绍了NPLS技术以及基于NPLS开发的密度场测量、雷诺应力测量和气动光学波前测量等方法,并回顾了这些技术在超声速边界层、超声速混合层、超声速压缩拐角、激波/边界层相互作用和光学头罩绕流等流动中的应用,清晰地再现了边界层、混合层、激波等典型流场结构及其时空演化特性。另外,为了模拟和研究高空大气条件下边界层自然转捩和超声速混合层的转捩特性,介绍了高超声速静风洞、超-超混合层风洞的设计技术以及层流化喷管的设计方法。     

Research on Auto-detection for Remainder Particles of Aerospace Relay Based on Wavelet Analysis

Aerospace relay is one kind of electronic components which is used widely in national defense system and aerospace system. The existence of remainder particles induces the reliability declining, which has become a severe problem in the development of aerospace relay. Traditional particle impact noise detection (PIND) method for remainder detection is ineffective for small particles, due to its low precision and involvement of subjective factors. An auto-detection method for PIND output signals is proposed in this paper, which is based on direct wavelet de-noising (DWD), cross-correlation analysis (CCA) and homo-filtering (HF), the method enhances the affectiv-ity of PIND test about the small particles. In the end, some practical PIND output signals are analysed, and the validity of this new method is proved.