激光熔覆制备金属间化合物抗冲蚀涂层

采用同轴送粉方法,激光熔覆制备了WC增强Ni3Al金属间化合物基复合涂层,通过试验,优化了工艺参数,对激光熔覆涂层的成分、组织和硬度进行了测试和分析.结果表明,激光熔覆涂层无裂纹和气孔,与基体形成良好的冶金结合,WC颗粒的添加显著提高了涂层硬度.     

激光熔覆制备WCp/Ni-Si-Ti复合涂层

在Ni基高温合金表面预置3种不同WC含量的Ni78Si13Ti9(at%)粉末,采用激光熔覆制备了WC和原位自生TiC复相陶瓷增强Ni3(Si,Ti)基复合涂层.利用扫描电镜、能谱分析仪和X射线衍射仪对熔覆层组织进行分析,并测量了其显微硬度.结果表明,熔覆层与基体呈冶金结合,熔覆层组织主要由Ni(Si)固溶体、Ni3(Si,Ti)金属间化合物和WC-TiC复相陶瓷组成.随WC添加量增加,涂层中复相陶瓷含量增多;孔隙率增大;碳化物形态演变历程为不规则状、花瓣状以及不规则状和花瓣状共存.     

激光熔覆纳米TiN-Ni45A复合涂层组织与性能

在38CrMoAl表面激光熔覆了纳米TiN-Ni45A复合涂层.利用X射线衍射仪、扫描电镜、电子探针、显微硬度计和摩擦磨损试验机,系统分析了纳米TiN含量对复合涂层的相组成、微观组织、硬度和摩擦磨损性能的影响.研究表明,不同纳米TiN含量的镍基复合涂层主要是由γ-Ni树枝晶、(γ-Ni+Ni3B)共晶,以及分布于γ-Ni晶粒内的M23C6和TiN硬质相所组成.当纳米TiN的添加量为5.0％(质量分数)时,复合涂层中γ-Ni树枝晶发生了明显粗化,且其数量有所增加.而当纳米TiN的添加量超过5.0％时,γ-Ni树枝晶则开始逐渐细化,其数量逐渐减少,且树枝晶的生长形态逐渐由等轴树枝晶转变为柱状树枝晶.与此同时,通过团聚长大的微米TiN颗粒数量逐渐增多,分布也越趋均匀.随着纳米TiN添加量的增加,复合涂层的平均硬度在整体上呈逐渐增加的变化趋势,减摩性和耐磨性在纳米TiN的添加量为15.0％时达到最优,其摩擦系数和磨损体积较未添加纳米TiN的镍基合金涂层分别降低了8.7％和32.3％,而平均硬度值则提高了7.0％.     

激光熔覆原位自生TiC耐磨涂层的组织分析

采用激光熔覆工艺在Ti600合金表面制备了以原位自生TiC为增强相的耐磨涂层,并分析了涂层的微观组织,测试了涂层的硬度.结果表明:涂层与Ti600基体呈现良好的冶金结合,组织均匀致密,TiC均匀地分布于TiNiCrAl固溶体构成的涂层基体中.涂层上部为细小的树枝晶组织,中部为发达树枝晶组织.涂层显微硬度大约是基体的3倍.     

TC4钛合金表面激光原位反应制备TiN涂层及性能研究

利用激光原位反应技术在TC4钛合金表面制备了无裂纹、组织均匀致密的TiN涂层,并分析了激光氮化层的显微组织、成分和物相,测试了涂层横截面显微硬度、涂层耐磨性能及抗SiO_2颗粒高速冲蚀的能力。结果表明:在适当的激光参数下制备的氮化钛涂层与TC4基体之间呈现良好的冶金结合,其界面结合强度为240～270MPa;涂层主要为硬质TiN相,涂层硬度高达1550HV_(0.1),约为基材的4.5倍;涂层磨损失重量是TC4钛合金的14.7%;在60o冲蚀角度下,基材的冲蚀质量损失为涂层的2倍。     

含稀土TiCx增强钛基激光熔覆层组织与耐磨性

采用同轴送粉激光熔覆技术在Ti6Al4V合金表面成功制备了含稀土CeO₂的碳化钛增强钛基激光熔覆层。运用渗透探伤、光学显微镜、X射线衍射仪、扫描电镜、能谱分析仪、电子探针、显微硬度计、摩擦磨损试验机等分析和测试方法研究了碳化钛增强钛基激光熔覆层的成形质量、微观组织、元素分布、硬度和摩擦磨损性能。结果表明,涂层内无裂纹缺陷,仅在层间过渡区分布有少量气孔（孔隙率为1.65%）。涂层中物相主要包括富Ti、Cr元素的β固溶体（CrTi₄）、缺位型碳化钛（TiC_x）和稀土氧化物（CeO₂）。熔覆层各微区的碳化钛形貌存在显著差异,熔覆层顶部和中部区域呈发达树枝晶状和针状,而结合区由针状和小尺寸不发达枝晶组成。碳化钛枝晶中碳元素分布不均匀,一次枝晶含碳量高于二次枝晶。基体相中Ni和Cr元素呈现明显偏析,而Al和V元素分布相对均匀。此外,稀土氧化物CeO₂主要分布于TiC_x与CrTi₄相界以及CrTi₄晶粒边界处。与基材相比,尽管TiC_x增强钛基复合涂层具有较高的摩擦系数,但其耐磨性显著增加（提高近52%）。熔覆层和基材磨损机制均为黏着磨损和磨粒磨损的复合磨损模式,但熔覆层的磨损程度较轻。     

Ti-6Al-4V合金表面激光制备高温耐蚀涂层的研究

以在Ti-6Al-4V合金表面激光制备高温耐蚀涂层为目标,研究了以激光熔覆的方法在Ti-6Al-4V合金基体上合成制备钛铝化物基原位自生TiC颗粒增强的复合材料涂层以及钛-钼系耐蚀钛合金涂层,采用金相显微镜、扫描电镜、X射线衍射仪、显微硬度计等分析了两种涂层的形貌、显微组织、相组成、显微硬度分布等特征.     

磁场辅助激光熔覆铝基金属玻璃覆层

为提高铝合金的表面性能,采用磁场辅助激光熔覆的方法在5083铝合金表面制备了Al-Ni-Y-Co-La五元金属玻璃熔覆层,并对其进行组织成分及性能分析。实验结果表明：熔覆层主要由非晶相、α-Al相以及Al₄NiY等金属间化合物组成,旋转磁场的搅拌作用使熔覆层非晶相含量由10.2%提高到30.7%,且能够有效抑制多道搭接和多层堆积过程中重熔区晶粒的生长,细化了熔覆层晶粒组织,降低了残余应力,提高了显微硬度及韧性,使其平均显微硬度从278 HV_0.1提高至335 HV_0.1,且波动较小,平均抗拉强度为303 MPa,为基体拉伸件的110.2%,平均伸长率为6.79%,为基体的33.1%。     

高速电弧喷涂FeNiCrAl涂层制备工艺对涂层性能影响

FeNiCrAl涂层是一种用作轴类零部件的表面耐磨防护材料,为深入研究高速电弧喷涂工艺对FeNiCrAl涂层性能的影响机理,对不同喷涂参数下制备的涂层的组织结构、结合强度、物相组成和显微硬度等性能进行分析表征,探究“喷涂电流-涂层组织结构-结合强度”之间的关系。结果表明：喷涂电流对涂层的组织致密性及结合强度影响较大;喷涂电流200 A、电压34 V、喷涂距离160 mm的工艺参数下制备的FeNiCrAl涂层组织致密,孔隙率约8.76%,结合强度52.3 MPa,涂层硬度约626 HV0.1,约为基体硬度的1.6倍;影响机理与Fe-Al金属间化合物和Cr0.19 Fe0.1 Ni0.11固溶体在涂层内部均匀弥散分布有关。     

激光熔覆制备原位自生TiC颗粒强化Ni基合金复合涂层的研究

为了在碳钢表面获得耐磨、耐蚀、抗热疲劳等综合性能优良的TiC颗粒强化Ni基合金复合涂层 ,利用3kW连续波快速轴流CO2 激光器进行了一系列的激光表面熔覆实验研究 ,光斑直径 3 5mm ,扫描速度 3 10mm/s,送粉速率 3 2 6 g/min。实验结果表明 :利用送粉式激光表面熔覆技术 ,可以在碳钢表面直接原位合成TiC颗粒增强的Ni基合金复合涂层 ,涂层与基体呈良好的冶金结合 ,涂层宏观质量完好 ,无裂纹 ,但有少量的气孔。涂层组织由γ 奥氏体枝晶、CrB、TiB2 、M2 3 C6和TiC组成。经激光表面重熔后 ,涂层显微硬度达HV0 2 110 0 ,是基材显微硬度的 4 5倍     

激光重熔对喷射电沉积纳米结构镍涂层性能影响研究

采用喷射电沉积方法在45钢基体表面制备了纳米结构镍涂层,研究了激光重熔工艺对涂层性能的影响。用扫描电镜和X射线衍射仪对涂层表面形貌和晶粒尺寸进行分析,并对涂层做表面显微硬度测试和耐腐蚀性试验。结果表明:在优化的工艺参数下,喷射电沉积制备的镍涂层表面比较平整、结合较致密,由平均尺寸为13.7 nm的纳米晶颗粒组成,但涂层中仍存在一些孔隙及其它缺陷;经过激光重熔后,熔融区内的晶粒尺寸明显减小,涂层致密化程度有所提高并使涂层与基体由机械结合变为冶金结合,因此涂层的表面显微硬度和耐腐蚀性能得到明显的提高。     

2Cr13钢的全方位离子注入与离子束增强沉积复合表面强化处理

对 2Cr13不锈钢表面进行了等离子体浸没离子注入(PIII)与离子束增强沉积(IBED)复合强化处理。对强化后的试样进行了俄歇电子能谱(AES)、X光电子能谱(XPS)分析及显微硬度、摩擦磨损和耐腐蚀性能测试。结果表明,处理后的试样表面层中含有强化相TiN和CrN;与基体相比,被处理试样的显微硬度显著增大,最大增幅达80 4%;摩擦系数降至 0 2~0 3,磨痕宽度最大减少了近 4倍;腐蚀电位最大提高了 5倍,腐蚀电流密度减少了 26倍。磨损中粘着现象大大减轻,耐磨耐蚀性能得到了显著改善。     

Laser joining of CFRTP to titanium alloy via laser surface texturing

Grid pattern was textured on Ti-6Al-4V alloy (TC4) substrate surface by nanosecond laser system. Laser joining of carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic composite (CFRTP) to TC4 joints were performed, and the effect of texture grid depth was investigated. The contact angle of molten CFRTP on textured TC4 surface was measured and the tensile-shear force was tested. The fracture surface and interface morphology were observed. The results indicated that the wettability of molten CFRTP on TC4 surface improved remarkably after laser textured TC4. Shear force of CFRTP/TC4 joints was increased by 156% after laser textured TC4 surface. When the depth of grid was deeper than 100 μm, contact angle increased and incomplete filling of molten CFRTP in grid occurred, the shear force thus decreased gradually. Resin-carbon fibers mixture was adhered on the fracture surface of TC4, and the variation tendency of adhesion ratio was consistent with that of shear force. TC4 matrix was exfoliated from substrate and adhered at the fracture surface of CFRTP, indicating stronger mechanical interlocking occurred at the joining interface after laser textured TC4 surface. Beside mechanical interlocking, compound layer consisted of CTi_0.42V_1.58 carburization phase was also confirmed at interface, suggesting that chemical bonding also occurred at the joining interface.     

Effect of laser-discrete-quenching on bonding properties of electroplated grinding wheel with AISI 1045 steel substrate and nickel bond

To improve the bonding strength between the nickel bond and the hub of the electroplated diamond grinding wheel, a hybrid technique was proposed to combine laser pre-quenching steel substrate and post-electroplating nickel. To validate the effectiveness of the proposed technique, AISI 1045 substrate was nickel-coated. The bonding properties between the electroplated nickel coating and substrate with or without laser-discrete-quenching were discussed comparatively by scratch, indentation, and thermal shock tests. The results show that the pre-quenching treatment leads to phase transformation of AISI 1045 microstructure from the mixed pearlite and ferrite phases into the martensitic phase. Since the martensitic phase is characterized as a high corrosion resistance, the interface of substrate/coating is smooth and flat in the pre-quenched zone, and the coating is bonded well with the steel substrate. In contrast to the steel substrate without pre-quenching treatment, the proposed technique significantly enhanced the bonding strengths of the electroplated nickel-coating. On one hand, the average hardness of electroplated nickel-coating on the laser pre-quenched zone is increased by 18.7%, and the scratch depth with the same load become narrower and shallower. On the other hand, the coefficient of friction (CoF) and the vibration amplitude are reduced, and the coating is bonded effectively with the substrate to inhibit the crack initialization at the interface. This prevents effectively the coating from peeling off and improves significantly the thermal shock resistance property.     

Ti3Al基合金微弧氧化膜的制备和性质

利用微弧氧化方法在Ti3Al基合金上制备了厚度达120 μm的陶瓷膜.研究了陶瓷膜的生长曲线,发现膜层厚度随着氧化时间的增加而增加,在不同氧化阶段生长速度不同,膜层以向外生长为主;显微结构和硬度分析都发现,陶瓷膜分为两层结构,即内层和外层,陶瓷膜内外层的主要物相是(Ti0.6Al0.2Nb0.2)O2相,外层中还有一定数量的无定形SiO2相;陶瓷膜的最大显微硬度可以达到基体硬度的3倍左右.显微划痕实验表明:膜与基体间结合力大于40N,膜与基体结合良好.电化学极化曲线测试显示陶瓷膜在3.5%盐水溶液中的耐蚀性与Ti3Al基体相比有较大的提高.