基于视线测量的卫星编队机动控制方法

采用视线测量的方法,建立一种编队卫星队形保持与机动的协同控制策略。编队中每一个卫星跟踪自己轨道前方邻近卫星,产生一个视线测量矢量,编队的第一个卫星根据高级控制层指令追踪期望轨道,产生链式编队,将编队卫星之间的视线距离作为反馈控制量来实现队形控制。通过推导J2相对摄动力的表达式,控制模型考虑了模型不确定性和摄动影响,采用滑模控制器,实现了基于视线测量的编队卫星链式跟踪协同控制。仿真算例结果表明,该方法在实现编队卫星队形保持与整体机动控制上具有可行性。     

空间绳系拖拽系统摆动特性与平稳控制

考虑了任务星与废星的姿态运动以及系统组合体的面内外姿态运动,建立了绳系拖拽离轨系统动力学与控制模型,以切向常值推力下绳系拖拽轨道转移为任务过程,分析了任务星在喷气和零动量轮的限制姿态反馈控制条件下飞行时,废星姿态摆动、系统组合体面内外摆动和任务星姿态运动的规律及相互影响关系。采用留位和阻尼控制相结合的系绳张力复合控制方法,并结合任务星姿态控制,确保绳系拖拽转移安全平稳进行。仿真结果表明:常值推力下绳系拖拽轨道转移时,牵挂点偏置诱发的废星姿态周期性摆动会激发绳系组合体的面内外同频率高阶摆动,星体姿态运动是任务星姿态扰动力矩产生的主要因素;采用张力复合控制可有效消除废星姿态摆动并保持星间相对距离,结合任务星姿态控制,可实现离轨过程的平稳与安全,大幅减少任务星的姿控能耗。      

地球静止轨道混合推进三星库仑编队队形保持控制研究

研究了地球静止轨道处混合推进三星库仑编队队形保持控制问题.首先考虑未知有界相对摄动影响,建立了地球静止轨道处混合推进三星库仑编队动力学方程.然后基于相对运动解析解,设计了投影圆轨道旋转编队构型.最后采用滑模控制方法,设计了控制器并证明其稳定性,用饱和函数对控制器进行了改进,消除了抖振的影响.通过控制编队内部静电力和补充...     

基于非线性模型预测的绳系系统系绳摆振控制

针对绳系系统离轨稳定控制问题,开展了系绳和绳端卫星构成的绳系系统在拖拽离轨过程中系绳摆动稳定控制方法研究。在考虑拖拽离轨过程中约束下,首先建立了包含绳端卫星的姿态运动的模型,并建立了绳系系统的离轨动力学方程和便于控制器设计的简化动力学方程。其次根据模型预测原理以最优化方法设计参考轨迹,最后以模型预测控制方法为基础设计了稳定系绳摆动的非线性模型预测控制方法。使用MATLAB软件平台仿真,验证了所设计的参考轨迹能完成目标和模型预测控制器有好的跟踪能力。      

Neural network-based sliding mode control for atmospheric-actuated spacecraft formation using switching strategy

This paper presents an adaptive neural networks-based control method for spacecraft formation with coupled translational and rotational dynamics using only aerodynamic forces. It is assumed that each spacecraft is equipped with several large flat plates. A coupled orbit-attitude dynamic model is considered based on the specific configuration of atmospheric-based actuators. For this model, a neural network-based adaptive sliding mode controller is implemented, accounting for system uncertainties and external perturbations. To avoid invalidation of the neural networks destroying stability of the system, a switching control strategy is proposed which combines an adaptive neural networks controller dominating in its active region and an adaptive sliding mode controller outside the neural active region. An optimal process is developed to determine the control commands for the plates system. The stability of the closed-loop system is proved by a Lyapunov-based method. Comparative results through numerical simulations illustrate the effectiveness of executing attitude control while maintaining the relative motion, and higher control accuracy can be achieved by using the proposed neural-based switching control scheme than using only adaptive sliding mode controller.     

Optimal H∞ robust output feedback control for satellite formation in arbitrary elliptical reference orbits

A two degree-of-freedom signal-based optimal H_∞ robust output feedback controller is designed for satellite formation in an arbitrary elliptical reference orbit. Based on high-fidelity linearized dynamics of relative motion, uncertainties introduced by non-zero eccentricity and gravitational J2 perturbation are separated to construct a robust control model. Furthermore, a distributed robust control model is derived by modifying the perturbed robust control model of each satellite with the eigenvalues of the Laplacian matrix of the communication graph, which represent uncertainty in the communication topology. A signal-based optimal H_∞ robust controller is then designed primarily. Considering that the uncertainties involved in the distributed robust control model have a completely diagonal structure, the corresponding analyses are made through structured singular value theory to reduce the conservativeness. Based on simulation results, further designs including increasing the degrees of freedom of the controller, modifying the performance and control weighted functions, adding a post high-pass filter according to the dynamic characteristics, and reducing the control model are made to improve the control performance. Nonlinear simulations demonstrate that the resultant optimal H_∞ robust output feedback controller satisfies the robust performance requirements under uncertainties caused by non-zero eccentricity, J2 perturbation, and varying communication topology, and that 5 m accuracy in terms of stable desired formation configuration can be achieved by the presented optimal H_∞ robust controller. In addition to considering the widely discussed uncertainties caused by the orbit of each satellite in a formation, the optimal H_∞ robust output feedback control model presented in the current work considers the uncertainties caused by varying communication topology in the satellite formation that works in a cooperative way. Other new improvements include adopting a new method to more accurately describe and analyze the effects of the higher-order J2 perturbation, combining all the uncertainties into a diagonal structure, and utilizing a structured singular value to synthesize and analyze the controller.     

绳系系统轨道机动过程中的面内摆角抑制

摘要： 针对绳系卫星系统轨道机动过程中面内摆角抑制问题进行控制器设计.仅考虑面内摆角子系统下,针对绳系系统的动力学模型,提出了分层迭代非线性滑模控制方法.证明控制方法设计的控制律使系统所有状态渐近稳定.通过数学仿真验证方法的有效性和优势.     

Fault tolerant small satellite attitude control using adaptive non-singular terminal sliding mode

The Attitude Control System (ACS) plays a pivotal role in the whole performance of the spacecraft on the orbit; therefore, it is vitally important to design the control system with the performance of rapid response, high control precision and insensitive to external perturbations. In the first place, this paper proposes two adaptive nonlinear control algorithms based on the sliding mode control (SMC), which are designed for small satellite attitude control system. The nonlinear dynamics describing the attitude of small satellite is considered in a circle reference orbit, and the stability of the closed-loop system in the presence of external perturbations is investigated. Then, in order to account for accidental or degradation fault in satellite actuators, the fault-tolerant control schemes are presented. Hence, two adaptive fault-tolerant control laws (continuous sliding mode control and non-singular terminal sliding mode control) are developed by adopting the nonlinear analytical model to describe the system, which can guarantee global asymptotic convergence of the attitude control error with the existence of unknown external perturbations. The nonlinear hyperplane based Terminal sliding mode is introduced into the control law design; therefore, the system convergence performance improves and the control error is convergent in “finite time”. As a result, the study on the non-singular terminal sliding mode control is the emphasis and the continuous sliding mode control is used to compare with the non-singular terminal sliding mode control. Meanwhile, an adaptive fuzzy algorithm has been proposed to suppress the chattering phenomenon. Moreover, several numerical examples are presented to demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed controllers by correcting for the external perturbations. Simulation results confirm that the suggested methodologies yield high control precision in control. In addition, actuator degradation, actuator stuck and actuator failure for a period of time are simulated to demonstrate the fault recovery capability of the fault tolerant controllers. The numerical results clearly demonstrate the good performance of the adaptive non-singular terminal control in the event of actuator fault compare with the continuous sliding mode control.     

Energy-optimal reconfiguration of satellite formation flying in the presence of uncertainties

In this study, a two-step control methodology is developed for energy-optimal reconfiguration of satellites in formation in the presence of uncertainties or external disturbances. First, based on a linear deterministic system model, an optimal control law is analytically determined such that a satellite maneuvers from an initial state to a final state relative to another satellite. The structure of this optimal solution is predetermined and simply given by a linear combination of the fundamental matrix solutions associated with the original equations of relative motion. Only the coefficients are to be determined to satisfy given initial and final conditions. In the second step, an uncertain nonlinear formation system is considered and a robust adaptive controller is designed to compensate for the effects of uncertainties or disturbances that the formation system may encounter. Although the control strategy is inspired by sliding mode control, it produces smooth control signals, thereby avoiding chattering. Also, an adaptation law is added such that the uncertainty or disturbance effects are effectively and quickly eliminated without a priori information about them. The combination of these two controllers guarantees that the satellite accurately tracks the optimal path in the unknown environment. Numerical simulations demonstrate the effectiveness and accuracy of the proposed two-step control methodology, in which a satellite formation is optimally reconfigured under unknown environmental disturbances.     

绳系卫星释放及工作态动力学分析

考虑强系卫星系统强索质量的影响，导出三维空间动力学方程，运用Pontryagin极小值理论求出释放过程中张力优化控制规律；得到最佳释放速度变化曲线，对子星工作阶段进行动力学分析。讨论系统质心沿椭圆轨道运动与姿态运动的耦合，文中附有算例。     

基于退步控制方法的绳系卫星回收张力控制

利用退步控制方法研究了绳系卫星系统TSS(Tethered Satellite System)的平面内回收控制问题,提出了一种新的张力控制律.该控制律设计由两步组成:首先利用退步控制将摆角稳定到目标值,然后通过设计摆角的目标值实现系绳的回收和回收速度的控制.控制率设计了分段连续的目标角度方案和延时环节,可以使TSS回收过程各状态量变化平滑.数值仿真结果表明,该控制律在圆轨道、近圆轨道和大偏心率的椭圆轨道都有很好的控制效果.     

编队卫星防碰撞规避路径规划方法与控制研究

针对编队卫星在构型重构和构型失效重组时发生碰撞可能性最大的两种机动工况,采用数学规划的方法对其进行防碰撞规避准则、规避策略和控制方面的研究;并通过系统可控性证明出无径向推力相对于全向推力,也可以达到目标相位点只是燃料消耗得多。对编队构型失效重组工况中备份星机动前停泊位置,进入编队位置选择和启动时刻选择以及故障星离开编队后,目标轨道确定等问题通过数学仿真的形式予以解答。仿真结果表明,该研究方法真实可信、简便有效。     

绳系卫星横向振动的控制方法

研究绳系卫星绳索横向振动问题。首先建立绳索振动方程,由Pontrgasin方法求得抑制绳索横向振动的纵向优化控制力。实现方式为开启母星体内的电机控制绳长使星体产生加速度,星体惯性力导致绳轴向附加张力。      

绳系卫星部署阶段的动力学分析

绳系卫星系统部署阶段末时刻状态决定着其编队飞行的初始状态，为了研究不同因素对绳系卫星系统部署阶段运动的影响，本文建立了一种简单的平面哑铃模型，将系绳视作有阻尼的弹簧，两个卫星视作刚体，考虑重力梯度力矩。通过仿真，发现系绳释放的速度和副星推力是影响绳系卫星系统部署阶段稳定性的主要因素。     

基于终端滑模控制的四旋翼无人机编队控制

本文以四旋翼无人机为研究对象,基于终端滑模控制技术,实现了四旋翼无人机系统的编队飞行控制。在构建四旋翼无人机数学模型的基础上,为每架四旋翼无人机设计了广义误差状态,基于广义误差状态提出编队控制目标。为实现编队控制目标,设计了基于终端滑模控制的编队控制器,最终所有四旋翼无人机的广义误差状态收敛到零时即实现期望的编队队形,进一步结合有限时间稳定性理论给出了上述编队控制器有限时间稳定性证明。最后用一个仿真实例验证了所提出算法的有效性,并将本文提出的控制器与基于线性滑模控制的控制器进行对比,实验证明所提出的控制算法具有更好的编队控制效果。     

一种使用RBF网络的自适应滑模控制器

针对实际系统易受未知非线性、外界干扰和参数摄动等不确定因素影响的问题,以高精度模拟转台为例,采用一种基于RBF(Radial Basis Function)网络的自适应滑模控制器.控制器由名义反馈控制器和滑模干扰补偿器两个子系统组成.反馈控制器通过极点配置的方法实现,用来稳定名义系统.干扰补偿器使用一个自适应RBF网络在线辨识不确定性的上界值.计算机仿真结果表明了该法的鲁棒性和有效性.     

基于预设性能控制的超紧密航天器编队防避撞协同控制

研究了考虑具有外界干扰和防避撞约束的近地轨道超紧密航天器构型控制问题,将反步控制技术、预设性能控制相结合,提出了一种基于预设性能鲁棒控制的六自由度编队协同鲁棒控制方法。首先,给出了近地轨道完整的编队航天器相对位置和相对姿态非线性动力学方程,并根据状态约束条件转换了相对位置动力学模型。其次,设计了预设性能函数,通过误差转换,建立系统等效误差模型,基于反步法设计了预设性能鲁棒控制器,进一步应用Lyapunov稳定性定理证明了其闭环系统的一致最终有界性。最后在MATLAB/Simulink平台上进行了仿真验证,结果表明了方法的有效性。     

双星跟飞立体成像的构形保持控制

针对强干扰及输出饱和条件下微小双星立体成像的构形保持问题,提出一种基于观测器的抗干扰复合控制策略.根据立体成像双星跟飞运动机理,建立双星相对运动动力学模型;设计了一种自适应干扰观测器,可同时实现系统状态和干扰信息的在线估计,并采用Lyapunov稳定性理论和线性矩阵不等式技术给出观测器存在条件.采用极点配置方法改善观测器系统的动态性能,引入指数衰减因子提高控制器的收敛速度.考虑执行机构的输出饱和特性,提出一种加权PD+LQR反馈与干扰前馈补偿的复合控制策略,能够抑制未知干扰的影响,保证系统的动态和稳态性能,具备双星构形保持控制能力.仿真结果验证了所提算法的有效性.      

基于粒子群算法的绳系卫星展开与回收控制

绳系卫星的展开与回收是绳系卫星应用的基础问题,但通过改变系绳拉力来实现展开和回收的方法尚未得到充分研究.将系绳拉力作为控制力,并在时间域内离散,然后利用粒子群优化算法在整个可行域中寻找满足优化指标的最优值,从而得到控制力的变化规律.该控制方法可以使绳系卫星系统在最小摆动、最短时间等最优指标意义下,迅速展开到平衡位置,同时也适用于绳系卫星的回收.仿真结果表明：该控制方法同基于控制展开与回收速度的控制方法相比,展开和回收的时间短、侧向摆动小,具有一定优越性.