老国企励志创新新舰队整装远航——访沈阳机床集团总经理关锡友

将于2007年4月9日隆重开幕的第十届中国国际机床展(CIMT 2007)吸引着众多业内人士期盼的目光,这将是机床界的又一次盛会.细心的观众应该还记得,在2006年的上海数控机床展上,沈阳机床集团颇引人注目:2000m2的展览面积;26台拥有自主知识产权的展品;一轮接一轮的媒体采访攻势;在"中国数控机床产业之路"CCMT2006网上直播中的率先亮相.沈阳机床无疑成为那次展会上耀眼的明星.     

当裤子遇上鞋子

裤装与鞋子的搭配在肌肤裸露度高的夏天是特别重要的事,一切全看是否能搭得妥贴,经常出行的职场女士们不仅要善挑夏天里形形色色的裤装款,还需要好好利用鞋子的搭配来提升装扮的正式度与职场形象的干练度,做到不误形象还享了凉意。     

航油价格忧思录

命运多舛的世界航空公司业刚从"9.11"事件和"非典"两大灾难的冲击后稍稍缓过一口气来,又面临着前所未有的油价高水平。每桶原油的标价由2004年初的三十多美元迅速攀升到年中的四十多美元,10月份则飙过了55美元的高峰。 一时间航空公司的股价又泛起绿潮。刚开始为民营低成本航空公司在中国露头而欣喜的中国消费者和媒体纷纷猜测:"油价升了,机票价格上涨还会远吗"?许多业内同仁或业外的经济学家则聚焦在民航的管制政策上:民航局明令取消的燃油附加费应否恢复?目前的机票公布价要不要更上一层楼?成本上涨了,价格似乎是当然的排泄口。也有不少人寄希望于期货市场,呼吁民航局为航空公司打开通往期贷市场的大门,用期货保值交易来对冲高油价的冲击。 本文试图从更广阔的视野来探讨这些问题和对策,有些想法同业内流行的观点不尽相同,提出来与同行们商榷,以期兼听则明。     

航空维修思想的框架研究

提出并详细论述了由维修目标和所需资源的确定、重要维修项目的确定、故障模式及其影响分析、维修策略的选择、维修策略参数的优化、应用和评估、反馈修改组成的完整的航空维修思想框架结构。     

本月靓机

即将交付给澳大利亚航空(QANTAS)的 A380超大型客机。白色的机身,绘有白色袋鼠图案的橘红色的尾翼是澳航的特色。这架 A380尾翼上的袋鼠也许是世界上最大的袋鼠图案。     

空中交通拥挤判别指标的建立与应用

空中交通拥挤的判别是交通和安全领域需要深入研究的一个问题。针对国内日益增长的空中交通流量．在参考道路交通拥挤识别的基础上,综合考虑空中交通的特点,结合国外空中交通流量管理系统的优点,提出并建立了空中交通拥挤判别的指标,对指标进行了分析和计算,扇区拥挤指标的计算中引入了当量航班的概念,充分考虑了管制员的工作负荷;依据拥挤指标对拥挤状态进行了分级,最后给出了该指标的应用示例。该判别指标符合实际,能有效判别空中交通的拥挤状态,并为空中交通安全评估的进一步研究提供了基础。     

罗-罗公司的"全面呵护"如何适用于每位客户?

近年来,售后服务模式的变化促进了航空航天业的快速转变. 航空公司和运营商希望从发动机制造商(OEM)得到更多的支持,由此导致两种商业模式产生了更多的一致性,OEM最终想得到的是能与客户长期的合作.除了在设计时提出各种要求,OEM还需要客户在接收了发动机后,继续与之合作以了解用户的需求.     

粉体填充聚合物材料的热传导理论

综述了国内外有代表性的预测粉体填充聚合物材料的热传导理论,应用这些理论公式研究了粉体的含量、形态、复合界面等因素与复合材料热导率的关系,简要介绍了这些热传导理论的特点及其与实验值的偏差.     

想飞——那些年他们一起追过的大鸟

他们,是摄影记者、媒体人、航空业者他们,许多是纯粹的飞机爱好者他们,茶饭不思用镜头追寻飞翔的痕迹……这是他们梦想与飞机结缘的一部分他们,有的是摄影记者,媒体人,拍摄飞机或许是分内事,然而如此痴绝,茶饭不思用镜头追寻飞翔的痕迹,已然超脱出一个摄影记者的职责范围。他们,有的是航空公司的机务,地勤,拍摄飞机可谓近水楼台,而与飞翔结缘,茶饭不思用镜头追寻飞翔的痕迹,已然超脱出一个航空业者的职责范围。他们,许多是纯粹的拍摄飞机的爱好者,茶饭不思用镜头追寻飞翔的痕迹,只是他们梦想与飞机结缘的一部分。在上海,有一群期冀用镜头记录飞机的他们,他们是一群大孩     

丽宫别墅 只为财智领袖而生

从香港的浅水湾,到美国的棕榈滩,财富人士总是择群而居。每一个闻名于世的富豪居住区,除了拥有奢华的房屋建筑,更凝练出独特的尊贵气质和居住氛围。对于居住,中国新一代财富人群在追求奢华品质的同时,更有不同以往的新诉求。丽宫,正是为这些站在时代最前沿的财智领袖而生。最优美的居住环境、最好的产品品质、最契合的精神理念,让丽宫成为中国新时代豪宅当之无愧的王者。     

Simulation and Analysis of Crashworthiness of Fuel Tank for Helicopters

Crashworthiness requirement of fuel tanks is one of the important requirements in helicopter designs. The relations among the protection frame, textile layer and rubber layer of the fuel tank are introduced. Two appropriate FE models are established, one is for an uncovered helicopter fuel tank without protection frame, and the other is for fuel tank with protection frame. The dynamic responses of the two types of fuel tanks impinging on the ground with velocities of 17.3 m/s are numerically simulated for the purpose of analyzing energy-absorbing capabilities of the textile layer and protection frame. The feasibility of the current crashworthiness design of the fuel tank is examined though comparing the dynamic response behaviors of the two fuel tanks.     

Nonlinear Adaptive Slewing Motion Control of Spacecraft Truss Driven by Synchronous V-gimbaled CMG Precession

The slewing motion control of a truss arm driven by a V-gimbaled control-moment-gyro (CMG) is a nonlinear control problem. The V-gimbaled CMG consists of a pair of gyros that must precess synchronously. The moment of inertia of the system, the angular momentum of the gyros and the external disturbances are not exactly known. With the help of feedback linearization and recursive Lyapunov design method, an adaptive nonlinear controller is designed to deal with the unknown items. Performance of the proposed controller is verified by simulation.     

The effect of inlet conditions on the flow and heat transfer in multiple rotating cavity with axial throughflow

This paper discusses experimental results from two different build configurations of a heated multiple rotating cavity test rig.Measurements of heat transfer from the discs and tangential velocities are presented.The test rig is a 70% full scale version of a high pressure compressor stack of an axial gas turbine engine.Of particular interest are the internal cylindrical cavities formed by adjacent discs and the interaction of these with a central axial throughflow of cooling air.Tests were carried out for a range of non-dimensional parameters representative of high pressure compressor internal air system flows(Re up to 5×106 and Rez up to 2×105).Two different builds have been tested.The most significant difference between these two build configurations is the size of the annular gap between the(non-rotating) drive shaft and the bores of the discs.The heat transfer data were obtained from thermocouple measurements of surface temperature and a conduction solution method.The velocity measurements were made using a two component,LDA system.The heat transfer results from the discs show differences between the two builds.This is attributed to the wider annular gap allowing more of the throughflow to penetrate into the cavity.There are also significant differences between the radial distributions of tangential velocity in the two builds of the test rig.For the narrow annular gap,there is an increase of non-dimensional tangential velocity V/Ωr with radial location to solid body rotation V/Ωr=1.For the wider annular gap,the non-dimensional velocities show a decrease with radial location to solid body rotation.      

Experimental Study on Effects of Fuel Injection on Scramjet Combustor Performance

In order to investigate the effects of fuel injection distribution on the scramjet combustor performance, there are conducted three sets of test on a hydrocarbon fueled direct-connect scramjet test facility. The results of Test A, whose fuel injection is carried out with injectors located on the top-wall and the bottom-wall, show that the fuel injection with an appropriate close-front and centralized distribution would be of much help to optimize combustor performances. The results of Test B, whose fuel injection is performed at the optimal injection locations found in Test A, with a given equivalence ratio and different injection proportions for each injector, show that this injection mode is of little benefit to improve combustor performances. The results of Test C with a circumferential fuel injection distribution displaies the possibility of ameliorating combustor performance. By analyzing the effects of injection location parameters on combustor performances on the base of the data of Test C, it is clear that the injector location has strong coupled influences on combus- tor performances. In addition, an inner-force synthesis specific impulse is used to reduce the errors caused by the disturbance of fuel supply and working state of air heater while assessing combustor performances.     

高超声速飞行器表面温度分布与气动热耦合数值研究

针对高超声速飞行器热防护设计中的高温气体非平衡效应问题和气动热环境精确预测问题,基于流场的非平衡Navier-Stokes方程、表面的能量守恒方程和内部的热传导方程,考虑流场的非平衡效应、表面的热辐射效应、催化效应和烧蚀效应以及热防护层内部的热传导效应,建立了初步的表面温度分布与气动热的耦合计算方法,完善了高超声速飞行器气动物理流场计算软件(AEROPH_Flow)。在表面材料为碳-碳(C-C)条件下,对飞行高度为65km和飞行速度为8,10km/s的半球以及飞行高度为50km和飞行速度为8km/s的球锥模型,开展了表面温度分布与气动热的耦合计算,验证了计算方法和计算软件,分析了表面温度分布对气动热环境的影响。研究结果表明:表面温度分布对气动热的计算结果有较大影响,在气动热环境的预测中,不仅要考虑热化学非平衡效应和表面催化效应的影响,还要考虑表面温度分布的影响,最好是采用表面温度分布与气动热耦合计算的方法,以减小表面温度分布对气动热计算结果的影响。为此,需要发展完善非平衡流场/表面催化和烧蚀/热传导温度场(气/表/固)的计算模型、耦合求解技术和计算软件,实现对高超声速飞行器的真实飞行条件下高温气体非平衡效应和气动热环境的精确模拟。     

Investigation on the Thermal Conductivity of 3-Dimensional and 4-Directional Braided Composites

It is vital to choose a factual and reasonable micro-structural model of braided composites for improving the calculating precision of thermal property of 3-D braided composites by finite element method (FEM). On the basis of new microstructure model of braided composites proposed recently, the model of FEM calculation for thermal conductivity of 3-dimennsional and 4-directional braided composites is set up in this paper. The curves of coefficient of effective thermal conductivity versus fiber volume ratio and interior braiding angle are obtained. Furthermore, comparing the results of FEM with the available experimental data,the reasonability and veracity of calculation are confirmed at the same time.     

方波幅度的测量不确定度

介绍了用众数法评价方波幅度时的不确定度分析和评价过程；讨论了主要的不确定度来源，包括众数判别区间的影响、波形测量系统幅度测量误差的影响等等；给出了减小不确定度的主要措施，并结合一个实例，给出了方波幅度的不确定度评价结果。     

Effects of Mo on the Microstructure and Hydrogen Sorption Properties of Ti-Mo Getters

The effects of Mo on the microstructure evolution, porosity and hydrogen sorption properties of Ti-Mo getters are investigated in this work. The results show that the addition of Mo prolongs the densification process of Ti-Mo getters and results in a significant amount of sintered pores. With the Mo content increasing, the porosity of getters firstly increases reaching the maximum value as it at- tains about 7.5wt.%, and then drops. At the room temperature, the hydrogen sorption property of getters increases progressively with the Mo content increasing, but the tendency is not very clear before its content lies below 2.5wt.%. When the Mo content achieves about 7.5wt.%, the hydrogen sorption property proves to be the best. The discussion is made about the above mentioned phenomena inclusive of hydrogen sorption properties of getters under different activation conditions (from 500-750 ℃).     

Large Amplitude Flexural Vibration of the Orthotropic Composite Plate Embedded with Shape Memory Alloy Fibers

研究了形状记忆合金(SMA)纤维混杂复合材料大挠度层合板的非线性自由与受迫振动特性。基于描述SMA力学行为的Brinson理论以及层合板材料性能预测的混合率,建立了SMA纤维混杂复合材料大挠度层合板的本构方程,基于对称层合各向异性弹性板的非线性理论,建立了以横向挠度和应力函数表示的板的横向振动方程和相容方程。采用Galerkin近似解法将振动方程化为时间变量的含有3次非线性项的Duffing型常微分方程,采用谐波平衡法(HBM)获得系统的固有频率方程和强迫振动稳态频率响应方程。数值计算表明,非线性板自由振动频率比与激励温度的关系具有与线性板相同的特征,马氏体相向奥氏体相转变阶段温度对板的振动频响特性曲线的影响最显著,同时也讨论了SMA纤维含量、板的纵横比以及自由振动幅值对板的非线性频率比的影响。     

临近空间飞行器测控与信息传输系统频段选择

 临近空间飞行器是高性能信息化武器平台,测控（TT&;C）与信息传输系统是其信息保障的核心,而选择合理、可行的频段是展开系统设计的前提和基础。频段选择影响到整个技术方案的制定,是一个需综合考虑、影响深远并具有战略意义的关键问题,从国际电联（ITU）国际标准、高速数传、接收信噪比（SNR）、“三抗”、超视距中继、黑障、雨衰以及设备研制成熟度8个方面全面、细致论证了近空间平台测控系统的频段选择问题,最终得出在视距链路中以Ka频段为宜,在超视距链路中以Ku/Ka双频段为宜的结论。