一种新的变前掠翼无人机气动布局

研究了一种新的变前掠翼无人机气动布局概念,在低、亚、跨和超声速状态下可通过改变机翼的前掠角来获取最佳的气动性能。根据设计指标和翼身融合技术初步设计了其几何外形,并采用三维Navier-Stokes方程数值模拟和对比分析了5种不同任务构型的气动特性。结果表明：①在Ma=0.6巡航时,平直翼加挂副油箱构型最大升阻比为14.55,而三角翼构型仅为8.29;②在Ma=0.4机动时,45°前掠翼构型失速迎角达到38°且具有最大的升力系数2.455,较平直翼构型提高了4.9%;③在Ma=1.5高速突防时,三角翼零升阻力系数最小,比平直翼加挂副油箱构型减小了14.4%,最大升阻比提高了34.6%;④所有计算状态下俯仰力矩特性均良好。研究结果验证了变前掠翼无人机气动布局新概念的合理性和先进性,可为高性能无人机的设计提供参考。     

大展弦比桁架支撑机翼静气动弹性问题研究

桁架支撑机翼构型能够显著减轻结构重量,增大机翼展弦比,进而提高飞机升阻比,降低油耗,是一种很有潜力的未来运输机布局方案。目前国内尚无关于桁架支撑布局形式飞机的系统研究。为研究某大展弦比桁架支撑布局飞机的静气动弹性问题,本文采用基于面元法的静气动弹性分析法,依据估算刚度建立了其静气动弹性计算模型,与常规构型机翼进行了对比计算与分析。结果表明,采用桁架支撑布局形式的大展弦比机翼变形量较小,弹性变形对气动特性的影响量也较小,还能够有效降低内翼部分承受的力与力矩,有利于结构减重设计,从而为大展弦比桁架支撑机翼设计提供参考。     

联结翼飞机主要布局参数对全机升阻特性影响研究

联结翼飞机具有重量轻、刚度大、诱导阻力低等优势。采用涡格法,研究联结翼主要布局参数(前翼后掠角、前后翼展向连接点位置、前后翼垂直方向高度差)的变化对升力系数、阻力系数和最大升阻比的影响。所得计算结果对联结翼飞机气动布局参数的确定具有参考价值。     

一种提高载重量的新型气动布局设计研究

为了兼顾大载重飞机的气动性能和结构特性,针对刚度特性较好的厚翼型提出和发展了一种新型气动布局形式,在有限的翼展限制下,通过多排翼的设计思路,提高主机翼的升力性能。数值模拟结果表明,采用新的气动布局后,与传统较薄机翼的单翼布局比较,升力特性可普遍提高50%左右。通过加装偏转角、缩小后翼弦长等进一步优化,升阻比性能也优于传统薄翼,从而表明所提出的设计方案对大载重飞机的设计和发展具有重要的参考价值。     

鸭翼对盒式翼布局气动特性的影响研究

盒式翼布局带有前置鸭翼对飞机纵向力矩特性产生显著的影响。针对某盒式翼布局无人机,采用数值模拟方法研究鸭翼对盒式翼布局气动性能的影响,以及鸭翼安装角、鸭翼沿机身轴线的纵向位置和鸭翼面积对巡航状态下盒式翼布局气动性能的影响。结果表明:鸭翼可以提高盒式翼布局的最大升力系数和失速迎角,可以有效地调节纵向力矩,但是会使最大升阻比略微减小;在巡航迎角3°、巡航速度50m/s状态下,鸭翼安装角和鸭翼面积对盒式翼布局气动特性影响较大,而鸭翼纵向位置对盒式翼布局气动特性影响较小。综合考虑鸭翼的上述参数,可以显著提高盒式翼布局的气动性能。     

斜置翼布局飞机的飞行动力学模型研究

从机理上分析了斜置翼布局飞机的气动耦合及惯性耦合特性;对其六自由度动力学模型进行了建模及纵横耦合线性化;以F-8 OWRA(Oblique Wing Research Aircraft)为算例,对其机翼斜置角为45°时的操纵响应特性进行了仿真计算及分析,仿真结果体现了斜置翼布局飞机纵横耦合的运动特性,说明所建立的动力学模型是可靠的。     

翼吊布局民机短舱位置气动影响

高涵道比发动机使得飞机/发动机近距耦合,造成气动力特性恶化。本文使用CFD方法对孤立通气短舱、某型民机机翼/机身组合体以及机翼/机身/短舱组合体构型进行黏性绕流数值模拟,分析流场特征,得出短舱安装干扰阻力水平;分别改变短舱安装的前伸量、下沉量、俯仰角、内撇角等参数,研究短舱不同在翼位置对高速巡航升阻特性的影响,支持短舱在翼位置气动优化。     

基于响应面法的联结翼气动设计及优化

联结翼布局与常规布局相比具有结构重量轻、诱导阻力小、升力系数大、稳定性良好的特点。本文选取5个对联结翼布局影响明显的设计变量,利用数值模拟的方法研究不同设计变量对联结翼气动特性的影响。同时,应用了旨在提高优化计算效率的响应面方法。在优化设计中采用模拟退火算法对目标函数进行优化求解。研究结果表明,在机翼面积不变的情况下,增大前、后翼弦向距离以及两翼间的翼隔,采用V型翼差角布局方式,能有效降低两翼间的相互干扰,增大升阻比。     

盒式机翼布局气动特性研究

采用基于S-A一方程湍流模型的雷诺平均法求解N-S方程,研究了盒式机翼布局前后翼几何参数对气动特性的影响规律,为盒式布局飞机气动设计提供参考。结果显示:随着前后翼垂直距离的增大,盒翼升力和升阻比均增大;增大前后翼的纵向距离,盒翼升力增加;盒翼气动性能对两翼纵向距离的敏感程度不及对两翼的垂直距离。     

排式充气机翼的高效气动布局研究

为了提高充气机翼的刚度特性,需要采用较大厚度的翼型,但厚翼型气动效率整体上又不太高。探讨一种适用于低速充气类飞行器的排式双翼布局方案,并尝试给予后翼一定的初始安装偏转角,同时还研究了双翼相对位置以及翼型特性对该排式双翼布局方案的影响。数值模拟结果表明,后翼前缘驻点附近的高压区增大了前翼下表面的压力,使此种布局较普通单翼布局在中小迎角范围内可以明显提高飞行器的升力和升阻比,其中迎角4°时可将升阻比提高62.8%,而给后翼2°的偏转角可使将升阻比提高幅度达到70.5%。同时,双翼相对位置对飞行器气动性能的影响较为敏感。此外,翼型厚度越大,弯度越小,所提出的排式双翼布局方案提高升阻比的效果越明显。综合效果来看,文中探讨的布局可为充气飞机的设计提供一个新思路。     

The effect of inlet conditions on the flow and heat transfer in multiple rotating cavity with axial throughflow

This paper discusses experimental results from two different build configurations of a heated multiple rotating cavity test rig.Measurements of heat transfer from the discs and tangential velocities are presented.The test rig is a 70% full scale version of a high pressure compressor stack of an axial gas turbine engine.Of particular interest are the internal cylindrical cavities formed by adjacent discs and the interaction of these with a central axial throughflow of cooling air.Tests were carried out for a range of non-dimensional parameters representative of high pressure compressor internal air system flows(Re up to 5×106 and Rez up to 2×105).Two different builds have been tested.The most significant difference between these two build configurations is the size of the annular gap between the(non-rotating) drive shaft and the bores of the discs.The heat transfer data were obtained from thermocouple measurements of surface temperature and a conduction solution method.The velocity measurements were made using a two component,LDA system.The heat transfer results from the discs show differences between the two builds.This is attributed to the wider annular gap allowing more of the throughflow to penetrate into the cavity.There are also significant differences between the radial distributions of tangential velocity in the two builds of the test rig.For the narrow annular gap,there is an increase of non-dimensional tangential velocity V/Ωr with radial location to solid body rotation V/Ωr=1.For the wider annular gap,the non-dimensional velocities show a decrease with radial location to solid body rotation.      

Research on Auto-detection for Remainder Particles of Aerospace Relay Based on Wavelet Analysis

Aerospace relay is one kind of electronic components which is used widely in national defense system and aerospace system. The existence of remainder particles induces the reliability declining, which has become a severe problem in the development of aerospace relay. Traditional particle impact noise detection (PIND) method for remainder detection is ineffective for small particles, due to its low precision and involvement of subjective factors. An auto-detection method for PIND output signals is proposed in this paper, which is based on direct wavelet de-noising (DWD), cross-correlation analysis (CCA) and homo-filtering (HF), the method enhances the affectiv-ity of PIND test about the small particles. In the end, some practical PIND output signals are analysed, and the validity of this new method is proved.     

Preparation of Highly Dispersed Antimony-doped Tin Oxide Nano-powder via Ion-exchange Hydrolysis of SnCl4 and SbCl3 and Azeotropic Drying

Antimony-doped tin hydroxide colloid precipitates have been synthesized by hydrolysis of SnCl4 and SbCl3 using: (1) an ion-exchange hydrolysis to remove chlorine ions, and (2) isoamyl acetate as an azeotropic solvent to obviate water. The obtained dried powder is of high dispersivity without any need for further grinding. The size and dispersivity of the final particles are investigated with the aid of TG-DTA, BET, XRD and TEM. After having calcined, the antimony-doped tin oxide nanopowder possesses a tetragonal rutile structure with high dispersivity, uniform particles and low hard agglomeration.     

Effects of Mo on the Microstructure and Hydrogen Sorption Properties of Ti-Mo Getters

The effects of Mo on the microstructure evolution, porosity and hydrogen sorption properties of Ti-Mo getters are investigated in this work. The results show that the addition of Mo prolongs the densification process of Ti-Mo getters and results in a significant amount of sintered pores. With the Mo content increasing, the porosity of getters firstly increases reaching the maximum value as it at- tains about 7.5wt.%, and then drops. At the room temperature, the hydrogen sorption property of getters increases progressively with the Mo content increasing, but the tendency is not very clear before its content lies below 2.5wt.%. When the Mo content achieves about 7.5wt.%, the hydrogen sorption property proves to be the best. The discussion is made about the above mentioned phenomena inclusive of hydrogen sorption properties of getters under different activation conditions (from 500-750 ℃).     

超声速燃烧数值模拟中的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型

高精度数值模拟有助于理解超声速湍流燃烧中湍流与化学反应的相互作用,可为发动机燃烧室等工程应用设计提供可靠的预测模型。除直接数值模拟外,目前在湍流燃烧应用中使用的大涡模拟和雷诺平均Navier-Stokes模拟均需要借助模型模化发生在湍流小尺度上的流动与化学反应过程对湍流大尺度运动的影响。现有的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型大致可分为:火焰面类模型和概率密度函数类模型,2类模型在不同的应用中各自具有优势和局限性。此外,现有模型大都基于低马赫数燃烧,而超声速燃烧中通常会伴随快速混合、局部熄火和再着火以及激波等复杂过程,这为发展其中的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型提出了更多的挑战。     

适于低轨卫星IP网络的单核共享树组播算法(英文)

为了解决低轨卫星IP网络中现有典型源组播算法的信道资源浪费问题,本文提出了一套单核共享树组播算法,即核心群合并共享树(CCST)和加权核心群合并共享树(w-CCST)算法。CCST 算法包括动态近似中心(DAC)选核方法和核心群合并组播路径构建方法。DAC方法专为周期、规律运动的低轨卫星网络提出,不需要复杂的星上计算。在核心群合并方法中,以核节点作为初始核心群,通过核心群和剩余组成员的最短路径方法逐步扩展直至整棵组播树构建完成,从而使得组播树的树代价最小,大大提高了网络的带宽利用率和组播传输效率。w-CCST 算法中所提出的加权因子可以调整树代价和端到端传播时延之间的折衷程度,因此,可以通过调整加权因子来适度增大树代价、降低端到端传播时延以支持某些端到端时延要求苛刻的实时组播业务。最后,与低轨卫星 IP 网络中典型算法进行了性能比较,仿真结果说明,CCST 算法的平均树代价比其它算法显著降低,w-CCST 算法的平均端到端传播时延小于 CCST 算法。     

Jet Vectoring Control Using a Novel Synthetic Jet Actuator

A primary air jet vectoring control system with a novel synthetic jet actuator (SJA) is presented and simulated numerically. The results show that, in comparison with an existing traditional synthetic jet actuator, which is able to perform the duty of either “push” or “pull”, one novel synthetic jet actuator can fulfill both “push” and “pull” functions to vector the primary jet by shifting a slide block inside it. Therefore, because the new actuator possesses greater efficiency, it has potentiality to replace the existing one in various appli- cations, such as thrust vectoring and the reduction of thermal signature. Moreover, as the novel actuator can fulfill those functions that the existing one can not, it may well be expected to popularize it into more flow control systems.     

Nonlinear Adaptive Slewing Motion Control of Spacecraft Truss Driven by Synchronous V-gimbaled CMG Precession

The slewing motion control of a truss arm driven by a V-gimbaled control-moment-gyro (CMG) is a nonlinear control problem. The V-gimbaled CMG consists of a pair of gyros that must precess synchronously. The moment of inertia of the system, the angular momentum of the gyros and the external disturbances are not exactly known. With the help of feedback linearization and recursive Lyapunov design method, an adaptive nonlinear controller is designed to deal with the unknown items. Performance of the proposed controller is verified by simulation.     

An SOR Implicit Time-accurate Scheme in Calculating Unsteady Flows

A new time-accurate marching scheme for unsteady flow calculations is proposed in the present work. This method is the combination of classical Successive Over-Relaxation (SOR) iteration method and Jacobian matrix diagonally dominant splitting method of LUSGS. One advantage of this algorithm is the second-order accuracy because of no factorization error. Another advantage is the low computational cost because the Jacobian matrices and fluxes are only calculated once in each physical time step. And, the SOR algorithm has better convergence property than Gauss-Seidel. To investigate its accuracy and convergency, several unsteady flow computa- tional tests are carried out by using the proposed SOR algorithm. Roe’s FDS scheme is used to discritize the inviscid flux terms. Un- steady computational results of SOR are compared with the experiment results and those of Gauss-Seidel. Results reveal that the numerical results agree well with the experimental data and the second-order accuracy can be obtained as the Gauss-Seidel for unsteady flow computations. The impact of SOR factor is investigated for unsteady computations by using different SOR factors in this algorithm to simulate each computational test. Different numbers of inner iterations are needed to converge to the same criterion for different SOR factors and optimal choice of SOR factor can improve the computational efficiency greatly.