共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 359 毫秒
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仅用相位差变化率的机载单站无源定位方法及其误差分析 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
针对以往单站无源定位系统中长短基线干涉仪系统复杂、角度测量易受干涉仪通道幅度/相位不一致的影响等问题,提出了一种仅仅利用长基线干涉仪(LBI)的相位差变化率实现单站无源定位的新方法,并对该定位方法误差的克拉美-罗下限(CRLB)进行了推导和分析,计算并分析了不同的干涉仪基线安装方向、不同的观测器运动方式下的定位误差几何分布(GDOP)。结果表明,仅用相位差变化率定位时,为了达到侧翼最好精度,干涉仪最好平行机身安装;为了达到侧前方较好精度,干涉仪需垂直安装;观测器的运动姿态最好发生某种机动变化。 相似文献
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介绍了一种超精密车床位置精度的计算机辅助测试系统,利用激光干涉仪在线检测超精密车床伺服工作台线性定位精度.该系统利用了原有的控制装置和自行研制的与激光干涉仪的接口电路,通过数控编程实时对工作台的静态和动态位置精度进行检测,并分析了系统的测量精度. 相似文献
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分别从理论上和实验上对移动桥式三坐标测量机Z轴运动的动态误差进行了分析,对Z轴进行了力的分析。用激光干涉仪对Z轴运动时的主要动态误差进行了测量,指出了此时影响动态误差的因素。提出了改进移动桥式三坐标测量机设计的措施,为移动桥式三坐标测量机实现高速测量状态下的高精度提供了依据。 相似文献
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邢向明 《航空精密制造技术》2017,53(5)
针对弹载惯性测量装置小体积、低功耗的应用需求,研制了基于16488的弹载惯性测量装置,应用六位置正反转方法在三轴速率转台上对测量装置进行模型误差系数标定。实验结果表明,应用标定后的模型误差系数对原始输出数据进行补偿后,姿态测量精度得到大幅提高,能满足弹载姿态测量精度需求。 相似文献
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相位偏移干涉测量中移相误差补偿技术研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
在相位偏移干涉测量技术中,一阶线性和二阶非线性移相误差是产生相位检测误差的主要因素。在研究移相误差对相位偏移干涉法测量精度影响的基础上,提出五步移相算法一阶线性和二阶非线性移相误差补偿技术。该方法从相位偏移干涉图中拟和出移相过程中存在的移相误差,对五幅算法结果进行误差修正。试验证明移相器存在 10%一阶线性误差和 1 %二阶非线性误差时,五幅算法相位检测误差为 0.12弧度;采用该补偿方法可以将相位测量精度减少到 0.02弧度,相当于采用氦氖激光器的倍程干涉仪中位移测量精度从 6.0 nm提高到 1 nm。 相似文献
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风洞实验对模型的水平姿态实时动态测量精度的要求不断提高,微小型飞行器模型、高精度的激光陀螺、光纤陀螺惯性测量单元往往在体积、质量方面受到限制,而单一的MEMS系统在水平姿态测量精度方面通常难以达到要求。采用高精度石英挠性加速度计替代MEMS加速度计,与MEMS陀螺进行组合测量。针对加速度计I/F转换脉冲量化及陀螺漂移对动态测量精度的影响,提出了一种基于速度观测Kalman滤波的水平姿态动态测量算法,以提高风洞实验中模型水平姿态的测量精度。提出了在三轴飞行模拟转台上,利用高精度激光陀螺捷联惯导系统的测量结果作为基准进行动态精度评估的方法,解决了安装误差、时间同步等因素对评估精度的影响。通过与其他几种惯性水平姿态测量方法进行精度对比,验证了该算法的技术优势。 相似文献
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飞机侧向姿态运动的有关侧向力、力矩具有较强耦合性,且基于副翼、方向舵对侧向运动实施控制,侧向运动这些特点必然导致侧向控制系统设计的复杂性。为设计飞机偏航角侧向姿态控制系统,首先,基于飞机侧向运动的动力学方程组,建立了飞机侧向姿态控制系统全面运动结构图;然后,在分析全面运动结构图基础上,基于开环补偿原理,设计了一种飞机偏航角侧向姿态控制系统,即通过引入交叉传动比,将滚转通道的γ信号引入偏航通道,通过调节来实现基本协调转弯的控制结构方案;最后,在Matlab平台下,对所设计的飞机偏航角侧向姿态控制系统进行了大量仿真研究。仿真结果显示,通过调节可减弱飞机滚转运动和偏航运动的耦合影响,基于开环补偿的飞机偏航角侧向姿态控制系统是合理可行的。 相似文献
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《中国航空学报》2023,36(5):175-186
The accuracy of model attitude measurement has an important impact on wind tunnel test results. Microelectromechanical System Inertial Measurement Unit (MEMS IMU) provides a feasible way to measure model attitudes with high accuracy. However, the installation error between MEMS IMU coordinate system and the body coordinate system of test models can make the accuracy of the model attitude measurement decrease. In wind tunnel tests, the installation error depends on the relationship between the IMU and the model mechanism before tests. Therefore, in-field calibration in wind tunnel tests is necessary to reduce installation errors. To improve attitude measurement accuracy, the least squares quaternion calibration method based on MEMS IMU and six-position calibration procedure are proposed. High-precision three-axis turntable tests are performed. The pitch accuracy after calibration is higher than that before calibration in the angle of attack sweeping tests. The Root-Mean-Square Errors (RMSE) in the roll and yaw are within 0.01°, which are smaller than those before calibration. In the roll sweeping tests, RMSE of three attitude angles decrease significantly. In hypersonic wind tunnel tests, the pitch errors before and after calibration are within 0.05° and 0.02° in the angle of attack sweeping tests without wind. In five angle of attack sweeping tests with wind, the deviation between the mean of the pitch and the pitch after the elastic angle correction is within 0.03° and the standard deviation of five tests is within 0.01°. The proposed method is confirmed to enhance the accuracy of attitude measurement effectively, which is convenient for engineering applications. 相似文献
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《中国航空学报》2020,33(1):64-72
The accuracy of the HB2 standard model attitude measurement has an important impact on the hypersonic wind tunnel data assessment. The limited size of the model and the existence of external vibrations make it challenging to obtain real-time reliable attitude measurement. To reduce the influence of attitude errors on test results, this paper proposes a Quaternion Nonlinear Complementary Filter (QNCF) attitude determination algorithm based on Microelectromechanical Inertial Measurement Unit (MEMS-IMU). Firstly, the threshold-based PI control strategy is adopted to eliminate noise effect according to the Acceleration Magnitude Detector (AMD). Then, the flexible quaternion method is updated to carry out attitude estimation which is operational and easy to be embedded in the Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA). Finally, a high-precision three-axis turntable test and a hypersonic wind tunnel test are performed. The results show that the pitch-roll attitude errors are within 0.05° and 0.08° in the high-precision three-axis turntable test in a calculation time of 100 s respectively, and the attitude error is within 0.3° after the elastic angle correction in the hypersonic wind tunnel test. The proposed method can provide accurate real-time attitude reference for the analysis of the actual movement of the model, exhibiting certain engineering application value with robustness and simplicity. 相似文献
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为保证大部件对接位姿测量精度,提高对接测量效率,实现大部件最优位姿装配,提出了基于iGPS测量系统的大部件对接位姿测量优化设计方法。首先,基于iGPS系统测量模型和不确定度模型建立对接测量网络,并对其网络测量精度进行仿真分析,优化设计了对接测量网络iGPS多发射器的布站方式;其次,基于对大部件位姿参数求解模型及不确定度模型的仿真分析,优化设计了调姿基准点的布设方式;最后,对某机型大部件对接进行了位姿测量方式的对比实验。结果表明,经过位姿测量优化设计后,大部件对接测量x、y、z的位置调整不确定度均小于0.16 mm,姿态滚转角、俯仰角和偏航角的角度调整不确定度均小于3.1",相较于未经布站优化设计的测量方式,精度至少提高了20%。由此证明该测量优化设计方案能够高效、高精度地对移动大部件进行实时位姿测量,在有效提高大部件对接位姿测量效率及精度方面是可行的。 相似文献
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针对空间非合作航天器姿态测量时受光照和地球背景影响大的问题,提出了一种基于卷积神经网络的端到端姿态估计方法.在该方法中,主干网络采用AlexNet与ResNet.首先,移除主干网络末端的全连接层,并列连接3个全连接层,采用三分支网络分别对姿态角进行估计.然后,设计了将分类问题与回归问题相结合的损失函数,通过分类方法将姿态估计限定在某一范围内,再使用回归方法进一步微调姿态.姿态分类损失函数确定姿态角度基准点,姿态回归损失函数对估计角度进行微调.相较于仅采用回归方法进行姿态估计,此方法能够有效减小姿态估计平均绝对误差、标准差与最大误差.实验对比了不同主干网络的测量精度,平均绝对误差在0.376°~0.746°之间,最优标准差为0.474°. 相似文献
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星敏感器安装误差标定技术研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
星敏感器是一类具有自主高精度姿态测量能力的仪器,输出姿态精度可达到角秒级。但实际组合导航应用中,星敏感器安装误差往往可达角分级,远远大于仪器本身误差,影响其使用品质,因此有必要在使用前对星敏感器安装误差进行建模标定。研究发现,星敏感器安装误差与惯导姿态误差存在耦合关系,难于分离。设计了一种快速标定方法,利用惯导输出姿态、位置信息以及星敏感器姿态输出构造观测量,建立卡尔曼滤波模型,通过滤波估计实现安装误差的地面标定。仿真结果表明,载体需要进行2个轴向上的机动才能将星敏感器三轴安装误差估计出来。相较于依靠外部基准姿态进行标定的方案,本方法具有快速高效、可操作性强等优点。 相似文献
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Wei LIU Xin MA Ling CHEN Zhenyuan JIA Weixiao LIU Xiao LI Jiakun ZHANG Jiwen LU 《中国航空学报》2018,31(1):89-98
The measurement of position and attitude parameters for the isolated target from a high-speed aircraft is a great challenge in the field of wind tunnel simulation technology. This paper proposes a remote-controlled flexible pose measurement system in wind tunnel conditions for the separation of a target from an aircraft. The position and attitude parameters of a moving object are obtained by utilizing a single camera with a focal length and camera orientation that can be changed based on different measurement conditions. Using this proposed system and method, both the flexibility and efficiency of the pose measurement system can be enhanced in wind tunnel conditions to meet the measurement requirements of different objects and experiments, which is also useful for the development of an intelligent position and attitude measurement system. The position and the focal length of the camera also can be controlled remotely during measurements to enlarge both the vertical and horizontal measurement range of this system. Experiments are conducted in the laboratory to measure the position and attitude of moving objects with high flexibility and efficiency, and the measurement precision of the measurement system is also verified through experiments. 相似文献