High energy cosmic-ray nuclei results on Ulysses: 2. Effects of a recurrent high-speed stream from the southern polar coronal hole

Since June 1992 the Kiel Electron Telescope on board ULYSSES measures 26-day variations of the order of 6% in the fluxes of high energy H and He. In May 1993 ULYSSES entered into the unipolar region of the southern polar coronal hole, but continued to observe similar effects: increases in the MeV proton channels due to acceleration near the shocks of the corotating interaction region and decreases in the intensity of galactic nuclei associated with the same region. Amplitude variations are presented for different magnetic rigidities and the effects are discussed in view of corotating shock development in a 3-dimensional heliospheric structure.     

Next generation functional test program development system

While superior-quality functional board test has been a goal for most high reliability electronics manufacturers, the time and effort for generating such test programs using today's tools and processes makes this difficult to achieve in a cost effective manner. This paper will introduce a revolutionary approach to functional board test program development that combines the comprehensiveness of software-based simulation with the speed and simplicity of hardware emulation. The result is a functional Test Program Set development system that can produce high fault coverage, diagnostic test programs in a fraction of the time it takes using traditional techniques, and at a lower unit cost. In this paper we will first provide a brief background on the strengths and weaknesses of current software and hardware TPS development techniques-simulation hot mock-up. Next, the new approach is described in detail and contrasted against the existing techniques. Finally, actual experience to date using a prototyped system is presented     

测控中的星载计算机快速切换

针对低轨卫星长期管理与测控中的星载计算机所需要的切换、维护的测控时间相对较长的问题,在分析原有主、备星载计算机的时间比对方法的基础上,直接针对备机建立新的时间同步模型,并进行公式推导和理论误差分析;然后建立新的测控事件调度模型,实现时间同步数据与主备机一致性数据的同时注入,优化工作流程,并有效缩短测控时间;最后编写新的遥控作业,在测控中进行实践.应用结果表明,采用新方法可以在一个测控圈次内完成在轨星载计算机的切换与维护,MTTR(Mean Time To Repair,平均恢复时间)小于8 min,时间同步精度优于1 ms,所需测控圈次相对于原方法减少83％以上,适用于在轨卫星长期管理与测控.     

一种嵌入式软件覆盖和分析测试方法

如何进行嵌入式软件的覆盖测试和性能测试,是嵌入式软件测试工程师较为关心的热点问题之一。介绍了一种基于PowerPc755目标板的嵌入式软件覆盖和分析测试方法。方法借助于嵌入式软件测试工具TestBed和实时硬件数据采集工具RTInsight,搭建了嵌入式软件动态测试平台,并在该嵌入式软件动态测试平台上进行了覆盖测试和性能测试,同时给出了相关的覆盖率测试和时间性能测试的测试结果。     

Malfunction Detection System for Advanced Spacecraft

A design approach for a Malfunction Detection System (MDS) to beused on board a manned spacecraft is considered. This design is directed toward orbiting laboratory type vehicles, in which man will be subjected to hostile environments for extended periods of time. The prime purpose of the MDS will be to monitor and evaluate critical signals and display out-of-tolerance conditions. This paper initially discusses a mathematical model approach to a monitoring-system design. Another topic covered is the feasibility of using some value less than the specified tolerance as a signal ?test? limit. Finally, various design decisions and trade-offs involved in choosing a monitoring subsystem configuration are discussed, and the conclusion is that the approach is feasible and could be expanded to include other capabilities.     

Three R's of radar: recollections, remonstrances, and ruminations

The author describes his experiences in the early days in radar, working on a radar landing system called ground control approach (GCA). He discusses for the disparity between the short time from conception to worldwide deployment of that system and today's 10- to 15-year cycle, as well as GCA's high (100%) availability, and identifies the factors responsible. The author goes on to argue that the radar community has a history of overselling what radar can do. He forecasts future trends and concludes with a few things he has learned over the years     

航空发动机电子控制系统的小型化SIP技术

针对电子装备小型化的需求,开展了对航空发动机电子控制系统的系统级封装(SIP)技术研究.以一个航空发动机电子控制系统设计为例,采用芯片堆叠结构,将多个裸芯片管脚用键合线引至电路衬底上的连接点,辅以印制板电路,构成完整的电路系统.通过设计优化和信号完整性仿真分析来控制信号质量,试验验证了在保证电路板信号质量的情况下,采用SIP技术,面积缩小约80%,质量减少约70%.研究显示系统级封装技术是未来航空电子控制系统小型化、高可靠的发展方向之一.      

Electronic combat in the Gulf War: some early observations

The author discusses some aspects of the role of electronic combat (EC) in the success of the Gulf War. He suggests several areas for possible action by the EC community. One is to think through how the fieldable brassboard/prototype approach applies to electronic warfare. Another is to determine the impact on the EC world if an opponent acquired some or all of US capabilities     

典型层板冷却结构中流体流阻与换热特性的实验

对进气孔、扰流柱和出气孔个数之比为1:4:1的典型层板冷却结构的流体流阻与换热特性进行了实验研究.结果表明, 对于进、出气板间距不大的层板模型, 出气板内表面的换热系数最大, 扰流柱表面的换热系数次之, 进气板内表面的换热系数最小.对不同层板模型的比较表明, 相同流量下随着进气孔直径的增大, 流阻系数增大, 进气板内表面的换热系数变化不大、出气板内表面的换热减弱;随着出气孔直径的增大, 流阻明显减小, 进气板内表面的换热减弱, 出气板内表面的换热变化不大;随着出气孔倾角的增大, 流阻增大, 进气板内表面的换热增强, 出气板内表面的换热变化不大.      

火箭发动机动态流场的数值模拟

为了预估某火箭发动机的压力冲击效应大小,基于薄层近似三维N-S方程,利用有限差分数值离散方法,对该火箭发动机一定工况下的喷流与防护板作用而形成的动态流场进行了数值模拟,得到了非定常流场云图和防护板随时间变化的受力曲线。结果表明:火箭发动机喷流与防护板形成的流场呈现出高度非线性的特点;喷流的压力冲击效应具有明显的非定常特性,且从力学性能上可能导致防护板来回摆动;该工况下喷流作用在防护板主要受力区域的气动力峰值为20万牛顿量级。     

发动机空中插板逼喘试验研究

发动机飞行试验台进气扰流装置由一组安装在被试发动机吊舱进气道内的插板组成,通过安装不同数量的插板可以在被试发动机进口造成10%~60%的6种堵塞比。通过采用在发动机飞行台试验吊舱进气道上安装进气扰流装置对被试发动机进行逼喘试验,探讨了飞行台发动机插板逼喘试验的试验程序和方法。为进行被试发动机空中插板逼喘试验,测量被试发动机进口流场压力分布,对发动机飞行台试验吊舱的过渡段壁面加装了静压座,并安装了总压测量耙,对被试发动机进口的总压、静压及动态压力进行测量.在试验过程中,首先进行均匀流场地面试验,获得均匀来流下被试发动机进口总压流场,然后再安装30%、40%及50%的插板进行被试发动机地面逼喘试验,最后安装40%的插板进行被试发动机空中逼喘试验。研究了在航空发动机飞行试验台上采用插板方式进行逼喘试验的方法,包括试验设备、测试方法、试验程序,并对地面和空中试验的结果进行了简要的分析。     

董事会特征与公司绩效实证研究——对河南上市公司的经验分析

以河南省A股上市公司为研究样本,以2007年为数据窗口,实证分析了董事会规模、独立董事比例、董事持股比例、董事会会议次数、董事薪酬与公司绩效之间的关系。研究结果表明:独立董事比例与公司绩效之间存在显著的正相关关系,董事会年度会议次数与公司绩效表现出显著的负相关关系。     

某飞机机翼Ⅰ大梁腹板战伤修理研究

某架大型轰炸机的机翼Ⅰ大梁腹板被弹片损伤,使飞机不能执行任务。本文从机翼Ⅰ大梁腹板的受力情况出发,通过对损伤处的应力集中情况进行分析,采用止裂加强法对弹片损伤进行修理,使损伤处的最大集中应力由657.6MPa降低到339.4MPa,在腹板的许可强度范围以内,从而修理后的飞机完全满足任务执行的载荷要求。     

基于JTAG的板级可测试性设计

阐述了JTAG技术的采用给电路板的可测试性带来的改善,从设计方法、优化策略以及实现技术等几个方面,讨论了利用边界扫描技术进行电路板的可测试性设计。     

Isotopic Composition of the Solar Wind Inferred from In-Situ Spacecraft Measurements

The Sun is the largest reservoir of matter in the solar system, which formed 4.6 Gyr ago from the protosolar nebula. Data from space missions and theoretical models indicate that the solar wind carries a nearly unfractionated sample of heavy isotopes at energies of about 1 keV/amu from the Sun into interplanetary space. In anticipation of results from the Genesis mission’s solar-wind implanted samples, we revisit solar wind isotopic abundance data from the high-resolution CELIAS/MTOF spectrometer on board SOHO. In particular, we evaluate the isotopic abundance ratios ¹⁵N/¹⁴N, ¹⁷O/¹⁶O, and ¹⁸O/¹⁶O in the solar wind, which are reference values for isotopic fractionation processes during the formation of terrestrial planets as well as for the Galactic chemical evolution. We also give isotopic abundance ratios for He, Ne, Ar, Mg, Si, Ca, and Fe measured in situ in the solar wind.     

基于PCI总线的多轴运动控制卡设计

通过对 AMCC S5920芯片结构和功能的详细介绍,简要说明了利用 AMCC S5920进行PCI 总线开发的注意事项,对运动控制卡的功能进行了详细描述,给出了一种利用 AMCC S5920芯片来实现基于 PCI 总线的多轴运动控制卡的设计方法。     

The Need for a Wholistic Design Approach when using Gallium Arsenide Technology

The emerging Gallium Arsenide digital integrated circuit technology is rapidly becoming well enough established that designers of signal and data processors are planning its incorporation into advanced computational engines of all types. An examination of the characteristics of present and future generation GaAs integrated circuits indicates that they will emphasize moderate on-chip gate counts and high gate speeds. Complete advantage can be taken of GaAs digital technology only if traditional signal processor architectures are completely recast at the memory layout, logic design, arithmetic implementation, and system architecture levels, and if these issues are considered in combination with system, logic board, and chip layout and packaging constraints in a single integrated approach.     

我国公司内部监督机制的法律完善

当前 ,公司董事会的权力日渐扩大 ,成为公司组织机构的核心 ,公司的实际经营管理权已掌握在公司的董事会之手 ,而对公司董事会的监督问题也随之成为投资者、社会公众和法律界关注的焦点。在借鉴国外有益经验的基础上 ,笔者针对我国公司内部监督机制的缺陷 ,提出了完善公司监督制度的建议。     

Kinetic properties of heavy ions in the solar wind from SWICS/Ulysses

The kinetic properties of heavy ions in the solar wind are known to behave in a well organized way under most solar wind flow conditions: Their speeds are all equal and faster than that of hydrogen by about the local Alfvén speed, and their kinetic temperatures are proportional to their mass. The simplicity of these properties points to a straightforward physical interpretation; wave-particle interactions with Alfvén waves are the probable cause. With the SWICS sensor on board Ulysses, it is now possible to investigate the kinetic properties of many more ion species than before. Furthermore, the transition of Ulysses into the fast stream emanating from the south polar coronal hole since 1992 allows us to study these properties both in the slow, interstream solar wind, as well as in an unambiguously identified fast stream. We present data from SWICS/Ulysses on the dominant ions of He, C, O, Ne, and Mg. As a result we find that, both in the slow wind and in fast streams, the isotachic property is obeyed even better than it could be determined by the ICI instrument on ISEE-3. The mass proportionality ofT _kin is also shown to hold for these ions, including the newly identified C and Mg.     

基于串行接口7289的单片机学习板设计

以ST89C51为核心的单片机学习板,用串行的接口芯片7289进行键盘显示器的控制,极大的节省了单片机的I/O口线,使得该系统板可以添加更多的硬件资源。简单实用的USB下载,为学生课外学习、课程设计、电子竞赛练习提供了方便。