中远程空空导弹弹载数据链战技指标研究

分析了中远程复合制导空空导弹中制导过程中弹载数据链的工作原理,并建立了中制导过程中的导弹运动模型、目标机动模型、导弹中制导导引律模型以及中末交接班模型。采用了不同的更新频率对中制导过程进行了仿真,从而得出弹载数据链允许的最低更新频率。     

Empirical virtual sliding target guidance law design: an aerodynamic approach

We present a novel empirical virtual sliding target (VST) guidance law for the midcourse phase of a long range surface-to-air missile that uses the simplicity of the conventional proportional navigation (PN) guidance law while exploiting the aerodynamic characteristics of a missile's flight through the atmosphere to enable the missile to achieve superior performance than that achieved by conventional PN guidance laws. The missile trajectory emulates the trajectory of an optimal control based guidance law formulated on a realistic aerodynamic model of the missile-target engagement. The trajectory of the missile is controlled by controlling the speed of a virtual target that slides towards a predicted intercept point during the midcourse phase. Several sliding schemes, both linear and nonlinear, are proposed and the effect of the variation of the sliding parameters, which control the sliding speed of the virtual target, on the missile performance, are examined through extensive simulations that take into account the atmospheric characteristics as well as limitations on the missile in terms of the energy available and lateral acceleration limits. Launch envelopes for these sliding schemes for approaching and receding targets are also obtained. These results amply demonstrate the superiority of the proposed guidance law over the conventional PN law.     

半捷联位标器稳定跟踪与弹体姿态一体化控制

半捷联位标器安装在弹体上,由于寄生回路的存在,使得位标器稳定跟踪控制回路和弹体姿态控制回路产生严重耦合,影响了位标器的稳定与跟踪。针对半捷联导引头稳定平台的稳定与跟踪问题,提出了一种半捷联位标器稳定跟踪控制与弹体姿态控制的一体化方法。基于反步控制原理设计了控制律,通过合理选择反馈增益可保证系统的稳定性与动态性能。最后对一体化设计与传统分离设计进行了仿真对比。仿真结果表明：考虑位标器稳定跟踪回路与导弹姿态回路耦合的一体化控制器,不仅能够保证弹体姿态控制系统快速响应,还可以提高位标器的稳定跟踪性能,并降低位标器跟踪不上高速目标的可能性。     

弹道导弹的推力矢量控制系统设计

针对弹道导弹推力矢量控制系统的快速性和鲁棒性要求,采用变结构控制方法设计了三通道的推力矢量控制系统。建立了弹道导弹三通道姿态运动的动力学模型,将通道间的耦合项及外界干扰作为不确定项,采用了变结构控制方法进行补偿,并采用了自适应算法来更新变结构控制参数,对不确定项的上界进行估计,从而提高了控制系统的鲁棒性。仿真结果表明,所设计的推力矢量控制系统具有很好的控制效果。     

超声速拦射导弹的一种预测变结构中制导律

针对攻击超声速大机动目标的超声速拦射导弹的中制导律设计问题,基于变结构控制理论并结合预测导引的思想提出一种预测变结构中制导律。该制导律能够零化导弹速度前置角,交班时过载较小,从而很好地满足中末交班要求。通过调节预测步长,在目标作大机动的情况下,既能保证中末交班时几乎为零的导弹速度前置角,又能有效地减小交班时导弹法向过载。最后在Matlab/Simulink环境下对攻击超声速蛇形机动目标进行了仿真,仿真结果表明了所设计的制导律的正确性和攻击超声速大机动目标的有效性。     

捷联寻的制导系统弹体追踪导引方法研究

对捷联寻的系统的简易制导方法—弹体追踪法进行全面剖析 ,解析分析了弹体追踪法对导弹速度、目标速度的约束 ,以及弹体阻尼、滞后、舵偏到攻角之间的传递系数对弹体追踪导引性能的影响。通过数学推导及应用控制理论分析与仿真 ,弹体追踪法较比例导引和速度追踪法在导引特性和打击机动目标时性能较差 ,但其成本较低 ,是一种降低制导武器成本的简易制导方法。但采用弹体追踪法时 ,导弹和目标的速度不能太大 ,当制导武器系统在形成导引误差信号存在固有滞后时 ,弹体稳定回路需要有一定阻尼 ,且舵偏到攻角之间的传递系数不能太大 ,即飞行过程中攻角要较小。     

中远程空地导弹末制导自适应控制

讨论了中远程空导弹的自适应控制规律,基于古典控制器模型,设计了自适应自动驾驶仪：通过适当选择自适应参数,保证了系统良好的动态品质和干扰抑制特性;提出了一种基于李亚诺夫稳定性理论的飞行控制系统方案,推导了自适应控制规律,并对导弹多种飞行高度和初如条件进行了仿真计算,仿真结果表明,所设计的自适应控制系统性能明显优于古典控制回路,具有较好的应用价值。     

Guidance law with impact time and impact angle constraints

A novel closed-form guidance law with impact time and impact angle constraints is pro- posed for salvo attack of anti-ship missiles, which employs missile’s normal acceleration (not jerk) as the control command directly. Firstly, the impact time control problem is formulated as tracking the designated time-to-go (the difference between the designated impact time and the current flight time) for the actual time-to-go of missile, and the impact angle control problem is formulated as tracking the designated heading angle for the actual heading angle of missile. Secondly, a biased proportional navigation guidance (BPNG) law with designated heading angle constraint is constructed, and the actual time-to-go estimation for this BPNG is derived analytically by solving the system differential equations. Thirdly, by adding a feedback control to this constructed BPNG to eliminate the time-to-go errorthe difference between the standard time-to-go and the actual time-to-go, a guidance law with adjustable coefficients to control the impact time and impact angle simultaneously is developed. Finally, simulation results demonstrate the performance and feasibility of the proposed approach.     

一种弹目遭遇点预测方法

为充分利用舰空导弹中制导段所获信息并减小导弹中制导段的弹道曲率,给出一种弹目预测遭遇点的解算方法,并据此设计比例导引制导律。在初始发射坐标系中,假设目标由当前位置以当前速度大小沿当前速度方向匀速运动至遭遇点,导弹由当前位置以当前速度大小按照一定的导引规律匀速运动至遭遇点。在该假设条件下,导弹到达遭遇点的总航路大小一方面...     

CLOS+IRTH composite guidance

A composite guidance scheme based on the command to line-of-sight (CLOS)+infrared terminal homing (IRTH) for a short-range surface-to-air missile system is proposed in an attempt to complement drawbacks of a single guidance law. Launch boundaries for a successful guidance handover are analyzed according to missile maneuverability and seeker gimbal angle limits. This paper also concentrates on developing practical guidance laws for the IRTH phase in the presence of inherent missile heading errors at the time of guidance handover and missile deceleration due to aerodynamic drag.     

基于H∞ 控制的非线性末制导律设计

 针对三维目标拦截问题,提出一种新的具有强鲁棒性的非线性H_∞末制导律。基于三维弹目相对运动学的非线性关系,将目标机动作为系统扰动,建立了弹目相对运动的数学模型。同时,基于零化弹目视线角速率的思想,提出一种全局非线性H_∞稳定控制策略,得到了连续的非线性末制导律。该方法利用Lyapunov稳定性理论严格证明了制导系统的全局渐近稳定性,并且无需求解哈密尔顿-雅可比-艾萨克斯（HJI）偏微分方程,同时也无需控制弹目相对运动速度。数字仿真表明,和比例导引律相比,这种制导律对高速大机动目标具有很强的鲁棒性和适应性,并能获得良好的制导精度。     

LQG Guidance Law with Bounded Acceleration Command

A novel missile guidance law that is dependent on the conditional probability density function of the estimated states is presented. The guidance law is derived by analyzing an interception scenario in the framework of an linear quadratic Gaussian (LQG) terminal control problem with bounded acceleration command. The nonlinear saturation function is represented by the equivalent random input describing function. Since for the investigated problem the certainty equivalence property is not valid, the resulting controller depends on the measurement noise level and on the saturation limit. In comparison to the classical optimal guidance law (OGL), the maximal value of the effective navigation gain is achieved during the engagement instead of near the terminal time. Thus, the saturation limit is reached earlier so as to have enough time to reduce the guidance errors. Using Monte-Carlo simulations, the superiority of the new guidance law over the classical OGL is shown. This validates the new approach of designing an estimation statistics dependent guidance law by using a random input describing function to approximate the missile's acceleration saturation.     

对动态目标制导的导弹动力学逆系统跟踪控制

结合目标-导弹的运动特性,运用逆系统方法与制导原理,设计了导弹质心运动的Euler动力学系统跟踪控制器。在控制器设计中,综合考虑了目标飞行状态、控制律、制导律、解耦性及抗干扰性这几个重要因素。通过对弹体坐标系下导弹的外力矩实施控制,实现偏转角速度对动态目标的渐近跟踪控制。通过仿真验证,说明了控制器设计的合理性和有效性。     

一种利于交班的舰空导弹最优中制导律设计

针对舰空导弹超视距拦截低空飞行目标问题,在复合制导的中制导段,建立了导弹拦截目标的相对运动模型,依据制导平台无线电指令修正信息,考虑舰空导弹拦截低空目标时的飞行速度特性,给出了预测遭遇点的实时解算模型,并确定了利于中末制导交班的中制导终端约束条件。基于拦截预测遭遇点,引入伪控制量的概念,应用线性二次型最优控制理论,设计了一种基于拦截预测遭遇点的利于制导交班的最优中制导律,仿真结果验证了预测遭遇点实时解算模型和最优中制导律的正确性与有效性。     

一种瞬时圆周加速度制导律设计

为了保证导弹攻击目标的精确性,根据平面弹道的几何特性,设计了一种输出指令为过载的瞬时圆周制导律.描述了瞬时圆周加速度制导律原理,详细推导了制导方程.利用导弹质心和目标质心的位置及速度信息,得出导弹攻击目标的过载制导指令,并进行了弹道仿真.仿真结果表明,所设计的瞬时圆周加速度制导律不仅能够保证导弹准确命中目标,而且弹道平...     

考虑多边界状态约束的飞翼布局无人机姿态控制

以大展弦比飞翼布局无人机为研究对象,针对强扰动环境下多边界状态约束时的飞行姿态控制问题,提出一种指令-控制律联合限制的全状态约束控制方法。该控制方法分别独立设计了指令边界限制器、过渡指令产生器和指令跟踪控制器3个部分。首先,基于无人机动力学特性设计的指令边界限制器,利用无人机的各个状态边界来限制姿态控制器的指令,实现了将非受控状态的约束问题转化为受控状态的约束问题;其次,基于"安排过渡过程"的思想并考虑约束限制环节,设计了过渡指令产生器,为无人机在线生成从当前姿态到期望跟踪姿态的过渡指令;最后,基于障碍Lyapunov函数和扩张状态观测器,设计了指令跟踪控制器,使无人机能够克服干扰且快速稳定地跟踪过渡指令。通过采用Lyapunov稳定性理论分析,该控制方法能够保证姿态跟踪误差收敛有界,且始终处于给定区间内部。仿真结果表明,该控制方法能够保证无人机飞行状态在不超出约束边界的同时,实现对姿态指令的准确跟踪。     

攻击地面固定目标寻的导弹的一体化制导与控制(英文)

This paper presents a scheme of integrated guidance and autopilot design for homing missiles against ground fixed targets. An integrated guidance and control model in the pitch plane is formulated and further changed into a normal form by nonlinear coordinate transformation. By adopting the sliding mode control approach, an adaptive nonlinear control law of the system is designed so that the missile can hit the target accurately with a desired impact attitude angle. The stability analysis of the closed-loop system is also conducted. The numerical simulation has confirmed the usefulness of the proposed design scheme.     

空空导弹跟踪控制器设计的理论分析与仿真

简要介绍了运用逆系统方法设计空空导弹跟踪控制器的原理,分析了系统设计的反馈线性化控制律和状态反馈解耦条件,并建立了控制器的Simulink仿真模型.仿真结果表明,通过对弹道坐标系下导弹的纵向和法向过载实施控制,可使导弹的速度、偏航角和俯仰角输出信息以较高的精度快速跟踪预期指令,所设计的控制器具有一定的抗干扰能力,从而验证了控制器设计的合理性和有效性.     

远程空空导弹中制导策略的分析和评估

研究了远程空空导弹中制导策略的分析和评估问题。为了综合改善中制导策略在纵向和侧向平面内的飞行性能、提高评估结果的可信性和全面性,提出了一种基于最优控制理论的混合中制导策略,重点对中制导策略的飞行性能和作战性能两个方面进行了综合的评估。结果表明,所设计的中制导策略具有更广的射程范围和最大的攻击区、更短的飞行时间和更大的末端能量。     

GPS/INS integration on the Standoff Land Attack Missile (SLAM)

The Standoff Land Attack Missile (SLAM) is a worldwide, all-weather, precision-strike weapon system deployed from carrier-based aircraft. In the primary mode of operation, target location and other mission data are generated from intelligence sources available on the aircraft carrier and loaded into the missile prior to aircraft takeoff. After missile launch, the SLAM inertial navigation system (INS) guides the missile along the planned trajectory. Updating the missile INS from the Global Positioning System (GPS) during flight provides precise midcourse navigation and enhances target acquisition by accurate, on-target pointing of the SLAM Maverick seeker. The GPS/INS avionics and software integration used for SLAM are described in detail, along with some of the design tradeoffs that led to the approach. The avionics configuration integrates the Harpoon midcourse guidance unit, which includes a strapdown inertial sensor package and digital processor, with a Rockwell-Collins single-channel, sequential GPS receiver processor unit (RPU), a derivative of the GPS phase-III user equipment. In addition to the GPS receiver elements the RPU contains the navigation processor, which executes the SLAM navigation, Kalman filter algorithms, and other guidance algorithms including seeker pointing. Flight-test results of the SLAM GPS-aided INS are also included