基于SVPWM和模糊PI参数自整定的Z源逆变器并网研究

相比于传统的电压/电流型逆变器,Z源逆变器能实现升降压变换的功能,同时桥臂不需要死区时间,变换器可靠性更高。在传统SVPWM调制方法里,通过在零矢量中插入直通状态(同一桥臂同时导通),使其应用在逆变器中。Z源逆变器在实现更好交流输出的同时,实现了对直流侧电压任意倍数的升压。对于Z源逆变器传统的控制策略是采用电压外环和电流内环构成的双环PI控制,但双环PI控制无法达到较高的控制精度并且并网电流谐波畸变率较高。针对PI控制的局限性,提出了模糊PI控制器。该控制器利用模糊控制技术,根据误差大小对PI参数进行实时在线调整,从而满足最优的性能要求。通过仿真研究,试验结果证实了所提方法的有效性和正确性。     

Full control of a PWM DC-AC converter for AC voltage regulation

The design and implement action of a DSP-based fully digital-controlled single-phase pulsewidth modulated (PWM) dc-ac converter for ac voltage regulation is described. The proposed multiloop digital controller (MDC) consists of a current controller, a voltage controller, and a feedforward controller. This MDC was realized using a single-chip digital signal processor (DSP). The PWM gating signals are determined at every sampling instant by the proposed multiloop digital control scheme using a set of detected feedback signals. A software current control; scheme has been developed to achieve fast current control of the PWM inverter and decouple the inductor of the output filter. Experimental results have been given to verify the proposed digital control scheme. The constructed DSP-based PWM dc-ac converter system can achieve fast dynamic response and with low total harmonic distortion (THD) for rectifier type of loads     

Bidirectional DC-to-AC inverter with improved performance

Switch-mode DC-to-AC inverters using DC-to-DC converter topology have many advantages over the traditional bridge-type inverter. A bidirectional power circuit combined with a nonlinear robust control is proposed to form a high performance inverter. The output voltage of the inverter can be stabilized regardless of large changes in input voltage and output current. The distortion near the zero crossing point can be minimized. The load of the inverter can be resistive, inductive, or capacitive. Simulation results and experimental verification are provided     

基于DSC整流器和双闭环PR逆变器的模块化中频静变电源

与传统中频电源相比,模块化中频静变电源具有选用灵活、可靠性高、冗余性好、便于系统维护等优点。中频静变电源整流器在控制母线电压稳定的同时还要实现单位功率因数控制。为此,具体分析了双电流环控制策略,给出了双电流环控制器中电压电流正负序分离原理和双dq锁相环的具体实现方法,即延时信号抵消(DSC)和双闭环准比例谐振(PR)。针对逆变器输出电压基波无差跟踪困难、谐波含量高等问题,采用双闭环多重准PR控制策略,实现中频电压的稳定输出。仿真和试验结果表明,双电流环控制器能同时实现母线电压稳定和单位功率因数控制,采用双闭环多重准PR控制策略的中频逆变器能够输出稳定的中频交流电压。     

逆变器并联驱动永磁同步电机容错控制研究

为了提高逆变器并联驱动永磁同步电机(PMSM)系统的运行可靠性,基于对比研究方式设计了两种逆变器并联驱动PMSM的容错控制方案,分别为正常通路电流补偿方案和等效电流补偿方案。两种容错控制方案均不同于传统方案,后者将故障逆变器整体隔离,前者则充分利用了所有逆变器非故障桥臂,以降低故障条件下的铜耗,并输出平稳转矩。此外,两种新型容错控制方案均结合了比例谐振电流控制器以实现对不对称参考电流的跟踪,避免了并联逆变器之间可能出现的环流。最后,通过PMSM并联驱动系统的容错控制试验,验证了新型容错控制策略的效果。     

火电辅机变频器低压穿越直流电压补偿及其控制

针对火电辅机变频器因厂用电压跌落而触发闭锁,造成发电机组停机的问题,设计了基于变频器直流母线电压补偿的辅助穿越装置。辅机变频器采用直接转矩控制,低压穿越装置主电路采用三重交错并联升压变换器结构,在电压跌落期间维持变频器直流母线电压稳定,同时减小输出电流高频纹波。考虑到并联模块参数差异造成的均流问题,提出在传统电压电流双闭环控制的电压外环加入均流环的解决方法,消除环流,使开关管电流应力更为均衡。由于控制系统具有非线性、强耦合的特点,传统PI控制器存在局限性,所以利用模糊控制算法优化PI控制器参数整定,改善其性能。最后用仿真验证了所提方法的有效性。     

Novel AC line conditioner for power factor correction

A new ac line conditioner is presented for high input power factor and clean ac output voltages for isolating the linear or nonlinear loads. A three-phase two-leg switching mode rectifier with neutral-point-clamped topology is proposed to draw the sinusoidal line currents from the ac mains. The carrier-based current controller is used in the inner control loop to track the line current commands with unity power factor. The dc bus voltage controller is adopted in the outer control loop to regulate the dc-link voltage. A voltage compensator is used to balance the neutral point voltage on the dc tank. A three-phase two-leg inverter with neutral-point-clamped topology is adopted in the system to provide the clean ac output voltages to the critical or sensitive loads. The carrier-based current control scheme is adopted to improve the instantaneous output voltages. Experimental results show the validity and effectiveness of the proposed control strategy.     

Robust fuzzy controlled photovoltaic power inverter with Taguchi method

This paper presents design and implementation of a robust fuzzy controlled photovoltaic (PV) power inverter with Taguchi tuned scaling factors. To achieve fast transient response, small steady-state error and system robustness, a robust fuzzy controller is adopted, in which its input and output scaling factors are determined efficiently by using the Taguchi-tuning algorithm. The proposed system can operate in different modes, grid-connection mode and stand-alone mode, and can accommodate wide load variations. Simulation results and hardware measurements obtained from a prototype with a microcontroller (Intel 80196KC) are presented to verify the theoretical discussions, and its adaptivity, robustness and feasibility.     

飞机电静液作动器滑模 PID控制器设计

在多电飞机应用环境中,由于电静液作动器（Electro Hydrostatic Actuator,以下简称EHA）系统本身的强非线性与承载交变动载荷的不确定性,简单PID控制无法达到理想控制效果。提出了滑模 PID复合控制,电机电流环和转速环构成控制系统内环,以PI控制器实现电机调速;作动筒位置环为外环,以滑模控制提升系统的快速性和鲁棒性。建立了EHA数学模型,并设计了滑模控制器结构。仿真结果表明,滑模 PID复合控制方法能有效地消除超调和减小跟随误差,实现对EHA位置的精确控制。     

基于SVPWM过调制的超前角弱磁控制永磁同步电机的策略研究

研究了电动车用内置式永磁同步电机的控制策略,提出了超前角弱磁控制与空间矢量脉宽调制(SVPWM)过调制结合的控制系统。超前角弱磁控制使用转速、电流和电压的3个闭环控制,电机端电压与直流侧电压组成电压控制环,产生电机弱磁的电流超前角直接给定交直轴电流。SVPWM过调制算法可以有效提高逆变器输出电压基波幅值,电机使用弱磁控制方式达到最大转速后使逆变器进入过调制状态,最大限度扩大转速范围。对该控制系统进行了仿真研究,仿真结果证明了理论分析的正确性和可行性。     

直驱阀控制系统设计及验证

为提高直驱阀系统的动态特性和稳定性,设计了1种位置环加电流环的直驱阀双闭环控制系统,其中位置环采用比例积分控制加相位超前校正,电流环采用比例积分控制。在MATLAB平台上,开展了电流环仿真、位置环的参数辨识以及仿真;在由DSP和FPGA构成的验证平台上,开展了试验验证,电流环与位置环的控制效果与仿真模型均一致,获得了400 Hz以上的电流控制带宽和25 Hz以上的位置控制带宽。研究结果表明:此控制器设计及校正方法可有效提高直驱阀系统的动态特性和稳定性。     

基于保护映射理论的鲁棒控制新方法

针对现代控制系统不确定性的问题,基于保护映射理论提出了一种新的鲁棒控制方法.利用保护映射理论,构建控制器增益与闭环系统极点间的联系,通过配置闭环系统极点,改善控制系统的动态特性和稳态性能,以满足期望的性能指标.整个设计过程中控制器结构固定,只需一个初始增益,即可实现系统的鲁棒控制.仿真研究显示对含参数变化的2阶系统模型,该方法能够自适应地获取满足整个变化系统控制性能的控制器增益,同时Monte Carlo随机试验表明了系统参数随机变化下,所求控制增益仍满足系统控制性能要求,从而保证了控制过程的鲁棒性.      

Single-phase grid-connected PV system using three-arm rectifier-inverter

A grid-connected photovoltaic (PV) power supply system with on-line voltage regulation capability is presented. It employs the three-arm rectifier-inverter topology with PV modules connected directly on the dc-link. The common-arm is with line-frequency switching and synchronous to the input voltage, aiming for a lower switching loss and decoupling the control of rectifier and inverter portions. As a result, the rectifier and inverter portions can be controlled independently with the rectifier-arm and inverter-arm, respectively. For maximum power point tracking (MPFF) of the PV modules and balancing the power among utility, PV, and the load, a variable dc-link voltage is adopted and controlled by the rectifier-arm based on the MPPT control algorithm. The inverter-arm then regulates the load voltage with good regulation and low distortion. Due to large variation of the dc-link voltage, a feedforward plus feedback control technique with variable gain is developed to keep constant bandwidth of the current loop at any operation condition. Therefore, the performance of the rectifier and inverter portions can be ensured. A system containing a 2 kVA converter and a 1.2 kW PV module is set up, and some experimental results are provided for demonstrating the effectiveness of the proposed method.     

高精度液压仿真转台鲁棒控制

 针对液压仿真转台具有时变不确定性、复杂外干扰等特点和高精度控制性能要求,提出了一种鲁棒复合控制结构,该结构由鲁棒内回路补偿器、外回路反馈控制器和输入信号前馈补偿器三部分组成。其中,鲁棒内回路补偿器用来抑制外干扰和时变不确定性的影响,外回路反馈控制器的作用是保证闭环系统的整体性能,输入信号前馈补偿器实现对系统动态时滞的补偿,以保证对参考信号的精确跟踪。以某型液压仿真转台内环为例,首先根据所提出控制策略的基本思想,给出了控制系统的具体设计过程,然后,进行了阶跃响应、低速跟踪和正弦响应试验。试验结果表明,所提出的鲁棒控制策略是有效的和可行的。     

SPWM逆变器交流瞬时值反馈控制系统分析

针对应用于交直交VSCF飞机电源系统的SPWM逆变器,提出了包含交流电流内环和交流电压外环的双闭环控制系统方案,利用交流瞬时值反馈的波形校正作用使逆变器输出电压波形得以改善。通过对单相1 kVA SPWM逆变器双闭环控制系统的设计分析和实验研究,结果表明:采用交流瞬时值反馈控制的SPWM逆变器具有较好的输出电压波形、动态响应特性和稳态调压精度,对逆变器输入直流电压的变化影响有很好的抑制作用,适合任由永磁无刷直流发电机供电的VSCF电源系统中应用。     

Two freedom linear parameter varying μ synthesis control for flight environment testbed

To solve the problem of robust servo performance of Flight Environment Testbed(FET)of Altitude Ground Test Facilities(AGTF) over the whole operational envelope, a two-degree-offreedom μ synthesis method based on Linear Parameter Varying(LPV) schematic is proposed, and meanwhile a new structure frame of μ synthesis control on two degrees of freedom with double integral and weighting functions is presented, which constitutes a core support part of the paper. Aimed at the problem of reference command's rapid change, one freedom feed forward is adopted, while another freedom output feedback is used to meet good servo tracking as well as disturbance and noise rejection; furthermore, to overcome the overshoot problem and acquire dynamic tuning,the integral is introduced in inner loop, and another integral controller is used in outer loop in order to guarantee steady errors; additionally, two performance weighting functions are designed to achieve robust specialty and control energy limit considering the uncertainties in system. As the schedule parameters change over large flight envelope, the stability of closed-loop LPV system is proved using Lyapunov inequalities. The simulation results show that the relative tracking errors of temperature and pressure are less than 0.5% with LPV μ synthesis controller. Meanwhile, compared with non-LPV μ synthesis controller in large uncertainty range, the proposed approach in this research can ensure robust servo performance of FET over the whole operational envelope.     

Novel single-phase AC/DC converter with two PWM control schemes

A novel single-phase AC/DC converter with two pulsewidth modulation (PWM) schemes is proposed to draw a sinusoidal line current with nearly unity power factor, achieve balanced neutral point voltage and regulate the DC bus voltage. With the aid of neutral point clamped scheme, a three-level voltage pattern is generated on the AC side of the proposed rectifier. To track the tine current command derived from a voltage controller and a phase-locked loop circuit, a hysteresis current control scheme is used in the inner loop control. A capacitor voltage compensator is employed to achieve the balanced neutral point voltage. To investigate the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme, the simulation and experimental results based on a laboratory prototype circuit are performed.     

基于无刷直流电机的电动车控制器研究与设计

传统的电动车用无刷直流电机(BLDCM)控制器功率逆变电路,为实时检测相电流,通过电阻进行相电流采样并反馈给微控制单元(MCU)进行电流环闭环控制,然而,在功率较大的控制器电路应用中,大电流会导致功率损耗增加。为解决这一问题,以STM32系列微型单片机为核心,设计了一套电动车控制器控制电路。重点阐述BLDCM硬件控制。为改进电源短路保护电路,提出了一种新型的MOS管内阻采样方法,并制作铝基板PCB。测试结果表明:该控制电路测控性能稳定,能够应用于工业生产中。     

直升机/涡轴发动机综合系统鲁棒抗扰控制设计

提出了一种直升机/涡轴发动机综合系统鲁棒抗扰控制方法。分别设计了基于线性矩阵不等式(LMI)的鲁棒保性能控制的直升机四通道多变量控制器和涡轴发动机转速控制器;为了进一步提高发动机自由涡轮转速环的抗扰能力,结合自抗扰控制(ADRC)方法,构建了涡轴发动机转速鲁棒保性能控制+扭矩ADRC补偿的控制方案,充分利用了ADRC控制强的干扰补偿能力,避免了鲁棒设计方法的保守性。在UH-60直升机/涡轴发动机综合模型仿真环境下通过模拟直升机大幅急速升降操作,验证了直升机/涡轴发动机综合系统所采用的鲁棒抗扰控制,尤其是涡轴发动机鲁棒自抗扰控制,具有理想的抗扰控制效果,能够抑制直升机机动操作过程中大的扭矩扰动对涡轴发动机造成的不利影响,从而使直升机具有更好的机动能力。     

基于模糊控制的虚拟同步发电机并网策略研究

在基于虚拟同步发电机三相逆变器控制的基础上,利用电容电压和电流反馈,构成双环控制系统。其中,电流环和电压环都采用比例积分控制。但是,传统的双环控制存在精度不高且响应速度较慢等缺点,而模糊控制具有根据系统实时性产生的非线性系统误差的大小,进行在线调节参数的功能。在此基础上,提出了一种基于双环控制和模糊PI相结合的虚拟同步电机控制策略,并搭建了相应的模型。详细分析了加入模糊之后双环控制的参数整定,并通过仿真研究来证明所提方法的有效性。