机动性/敏捷性参数对超视距空战效能的影响

分析了超视距相关的机动性和敏捷性要求。根据已经建立的仿真平台,以两架典型三代战斗机为对抗双方,借助矩阵博弈的决策模型进行了一对一空战仿真。在此基础上,调整有关飞机机动性和敏捷性参数,利用所得作战结果评估飞机的作战效能,并分析了相关参数对作战飞机设计的影响。仿真结果再现了红蓝双方由超视距空战到视距内空战的整个作战过程,结果对飞机参数设计具有一定的参考意义。     

模拟两机格斗空战的矩阵博弈方法

本文介绍数值模拟计算两机空战格斗过程的一种矩阵博弈解法。首先在两机各自极限运动范围内选择一组基本战术动作,这些基本战术动作满足飞机在三维空间内运动的质点动力学方程。然后按选定的基本战术动作和性能指标,可以计算出一个赢得矩阵。最后根据二人有限零和矩阵博弈理论,直接求两机的最优纯策略。若无最优纯策略,两机空战格斗问题便化为一个线性规划问题,借助单形法数值求解这个线性规划问题,便可求出对双方均为最优的数值解。数值算例表明,本方法是数值模拟计算两机空战格斗过程的一种行之有效的方法。     

基于博弈论模型的多机协同对抗多目标任务决策方法

根据多机协同对抗多目标的空战特征,以敌我双方可能的相互攻击组合方式作为策略集,由敌我双方对抗态势分析定量结果确定支付函数,建立完全信息静态博弈模型.通过求解博弈模型的混合策略纳什均衡解,并结合一定作战经验,形成任务决策方法.以无人作战飞机编队对抗敌地对空防御系统为例,对本文所研究的任务决策方法进行了验算.     

无人战斗机空战对策研究综述

关于无人战斗机空战对策的研究已经随着无人机技术的发展与完善成为热门研究课题之一.介绍了空战对策理论的主要研究方法以及国内外学者的研究成果,同时对空战博弈模型的建立以及混合策略下期望支付函数的求解方法进行了描述,最后对无人机战斗机空战对策理论的未来发展趋势作了分析.     

自主空战机动决策方法综述

自主空战机动决策是基于数学优化、人工智能等方法,模拟飞行员空战决策,自动生成飞行控制指令的过程。它在空战仿真、飞行员辅助决策和无人战斗机自主飞行等领域广泛运用。根据求解思路的不同,综合论述了两类自主空战机动决策方法:针对基于对策的空战决策方法,阐述了从追逃对策到双目标对策的发展脉络和内在联系,并着重分析了两类重要的双目标对策模型——矩阵对策和影响图对策;针对基于人工智能的空战决策方法,系统论述了基于专家系统的机动决策、基于遗传学习系统的机动决策、基于人工免疫系统的机动决策和基于神经网络的机动决策,明确了各种决策的建模方法、适用条件、改进途径等问题。总结了各个空战机动决策方法的优点及不足,指出了自主空战机动决策的进一步研究思路。     

空战仿真中机动控制模型研究

针对现代作战飞机方案评估和设计的要求,构建了现代空战仿真系统中计算机控制的飞机仿真基本框架。根据现代空战中典型机动动作对速度矢量的指向要求,从控制飞机速度矢量出发,建立了一类空战机动动作控制的基础模型,并对能反映飞机性能的限制环节进行了建模。仿真结果表明,利用该模型对飞机进行方案评估和性能指标设计是合理的,所建模型能够较好地仿真空战机动,体现飞机性能指标对空战机动的影响。     

基于自博弈深度强化学习的空战智能决策方法

空战是战争走向立体的重要环节,智能空战已经成为国内外军事领域的研究热点和重点,深度强化学习是实现空战智能化的重要技术途径。针对单智能体训练方法难以构建高水平空战对手问题,提出基于自博弈的空战智能体训练方法,搭建研究平台,根据飞行员领域知识合理设计观测、动作与奖励,通过“左右互搏”方式训练空战智能体至收敛,并通过仿真试验验证空战决策模型的有效性。研究结果表明通过自博弈训练,空战智能体战术水平逐步提升,最终对单智能体训练的决策模型构成70%以上胜率,并涌现类似人类“单/双环”战术的空战策略。     

基于博弈论的自由空战指挥引导对策问题研究

博弈论是解决空战对抗问题的有效方法之一,针对目前自由空战筹划困难、指挥引导对策单一的现状,在现有空战博弈问题研究的基础上,扩展了机动动作库和控制参数,加入了雷达开机时机这一关键决策,分别从静态博弈和动态博弈角度出发,提出了构建自由空战指挥引导对策模型的思路,为下一步指挥引导对策模型的研究奠定了基础.     

直升机空中运动的数值模拟

建立以直升机运动模拟和直升机作战对策体系为基础的空战模型和空中运动仿真理论,并对两架直升机的空战中的运动进行了数值模拟,模拟结果验证了空战中运动仿真理论的合理性.     

空战决策中的智能微分对策法

提出了空战决策中的一种新方法-智能微分对策法。该方法在整体战术制定中采用人工智能方法，在空战的各个子阶段的具体战术决策中采用微分对策方法。提出了智能微分对策点的定义，它在某些情况下利用人工智能预测对手的策略，将微分对策转化为两个独立的单边极值问题，从而拓宽了微分对策在空战中的应用范围，利用智能微分对策法建立了空战决策模型，并进行了空战仿真，仿真结果表明，该方法优于专家系统法。     

The effect of inlet conditions on the flow and heat transfer in multiple rotating cavity with axial throughflow

This paper discusses experimental results from two different build configurations of a heated multiple rotating cavity test rig.Measurements of heat transfer from the discs and tangential velocities are presented.The test rig is a 70% full scale version of a high pressure compressor stack of an axial gas turbine engine.Of particular interest are the internal cylindrical cavities formed by adjacent discs and the interaction of these with a central axial throughflow of cooling air.Tests were carried out for a range of non-dimensional parameters representative of high pressure compressor internal air system flows(Re up to 5×106 and Rez up to 2×105).Two different builds have been tested.The most significant difference between these two build configurations is the size of the annular gap between the(non-rotating) drive shaft and the bores of the discs.The heat transfer data were obtained from thermocouple measurements of surface temperature and a conduction solution method.The velocity measurements were made using a two component,LDA system.The heat transfer results from the discs show differences between the two builds.This is attributed to the wider annular gap allowing more of the throughflow to penetrate into the cavity.There are also significant differences between the radial distributions of tangential velocity in the two builds of the test rig.For the narrow annular gap,there is an increase of non-dimensional tangential velocity V/Ωr with radial location to solid body rotation V/Ωr=1.For the wider annular gap,the non-dimensional velocities show a decrease with radial location to solid body rotation.      

Research on Auto-detection for Remainder Particles of Aerospace Relay Based on Wavelet Analysis

Aerospace relay is one kind of electronic components which is used widely in national defense system and aerospace system. The existence of remainder particles induces the reliability declining, which has become a severe problem in the development of aerospace relay. Traditional particle impact noise detection (PIND) method for remainder detection is ineffective for small particles, due to its low precision and involvement of subjective factors. An auto-detection method for PIND output signals is proposed in this paper, which is based on direct wavelet de-noising (DWD), cross-correlation analysis (CCA) and homo-filtering (HF), the method enhances the affectiv-ity of PIND test about the small particles. In the end, some practical PIND output signals are analysed, and the validity of this new method is proved.     

Preparation of Highly Dispersed Antimony-doped Tin Oxide Nano-powder via Ion-exchange Hydrolysis of SnCl4 and SbCl3 and Azeotropic Drying

Antimony-doped tin hydroxide colloid precipitates have been synthesized by hydrolysis of SnCl4 and SbCl3 using: (1) an ion-exchange hydrolysis to remove chlorine ions, and (2) isoamyl acetate as an azeotropic solvent to obviate water. The obtained dried powder is of high dispersivity without any need for further grinding. The size and dispersivity of the final particles are investigated with the aid of TG-DTA, BET, XRD and TEM. After having calcined, the antimony-doped tin oxide nanopowder possesses a tetragonal rutile structure with high dispersivity, uniform particles and low hard agglomeration.     

Effects of Mo on the Microstructure and Hydrogen Sorption Properties of Ti-Mo Getters

The effects of Mo on the microstructure evolution, porosity and hydrogen sorption properties of Ti-Mo getters are investigated in this work. The results show that the addition of Mo prolongs the densification process of Ti-Mo getters and results in a significant amount of sintered pores. With the Mo content increasing, the porosity of getters firstly increases reaching the maximum value as it at- tains about 7.5wt.%, and then drops. At the room temperature, the hydrogen sorption property of getters increases progressively with the Mo content increasing, but the tendency is not very clear before its content lies below 2.5wt.%. When the Mo content achieves about 7.5wt.%, the hydrogen sorption property proves to be the best. The discussion is made about the above mentioned phenomena inclusive of hydrogen sorption properties of getters under different activation conditions (from 500-750 ℃).     

超声速燃烧数值模拟中的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型

高精度数值模拟有助于理解超声速湍流燃烧中湍流与化学反应的相互作用,可为发动机燃烧室等工程应用设计提供可靠的预测模型。除直接数值模拟外,目前在湍流燃烧应用中使用的大涡模拟和雷诺平均Navier-Stokes模拟均需要借助模型模化发生在湍流小尺度上的流动与化学反应过程对湍流大尺度运动的影响。现有的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型大致可分为:火焰面类模型和概率密度函数类模型,2类模型在不同的应用中各自具有优势和局限性。此外,现有模型大都基于低马赫数燃烧,而超声速燃烧中通常会伴随快速混合、局部熄火和再着火以及激波等复杂过程,这为发展其中的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型提出了更多的挑战。     

适于低轨卫星IP网络的单核共享树组播算法(英文)

为了解决低轨卫星IP网络中现有典型源组播算法的信道资源浪费问题,本文提出了一套单核共享树组播算法,即核心群合并共享树(CCST)和加权核心群合并共享树(w-CCST)算法。CCST 算法包括动态近似中心(DAC)选核方法和核心群合并组播路径构建方法。DAC方法专为周期、规律运动的低轨卫星网络提出,不需要复杂的星上计算。在核心群合并方法中,以核节点作为初始核心群,通过核心群和剩余组成员的最短路径方法逐步扩展直至整棵组播树构建完成,从而使得组播树的树代价最小,大大提高了网络的带宽利用率和组播传输效率。w-CCST 算法中所提出的加权因子可以调整树代价和端到端传播时延之间的折衷程度,因此,可以通过调整加权因子来适度增大树代价、降低端到端传播时延以支持某些端到端时延要求苛刻的实时组播业务。最后,与低轨卫星 IP 网络中典型算法进行了性能比较,仿真结果说明,CCST 算法的平均树代价比其它算法显著降低,w-CCST 算法的平均端到端传播时延小于 CCST 算法。     

Jet Vectoring Control Using a Novel Synthetic Jet Actuator

A primary air jet vectoring control system with a novel synthetic jet actuator (SJA) is presented and simulated numerically. The results show that, in comparison with an existing traditional synthetic jet actuator, which is able to perform the duty of either “push” or “pull”, one novel synthetic jet actuator can fulfill both “push” and “pull” functions to vector the primary jet by shifting a slide block inside it. Therefore, because the new actuator possesses greater efficiency, it has potentiality to replace the existing one in various appli- cations, such as thrust vectoring and the reduction of thermal signature. Moreover, as the novel actuator can fulfill those functions that the existing one can not, it may well be expected to popularize it into more flow control systems.     

Nonlinear Adaptive Slewing Motion Control of Spacecraft Truss Driven by Synchronous V-gimbaled CMG Precession

The slewing motion control of a truss arm driven by a V-gimbaled control-moment-gyro (CMG) is a nonlinear control problem. The V-gimbaled CMG consists of a pair of gyros that must precess synchronously. The moment of inertia of the system, the angular momentum of the gyros and the external disturbances are not exactly known. With the help of feedback linearization and recursive Lyapunov design method, an adaptive nonlinear controller is designed to deal with the unknown items. Performance of the proposed controller is verified by simulation.     

An SOR Implicit Time-accurate Scheme in Calculating Unsteady Flows

A new time-accurate marching scheme for unsteady flow calculations is proposed in the present work. This method is the combination of classical Successive Over-Relaxation (SOR) iteration method and Jacobian matrix diagonally dominant splitting method of LUSGS. One advantage of this algorithm is the second-order accuracy because of no factorization error. Another advantage is the low computational cost because the Jacobian matrices and fluxes are only calculated once in each physical time step. And, the SOR algorithm has better convergence property than Gauss-Seidel. To investigate its accuracy and convergency, several unsteady flow computa- tional tests are carried out by using the proposed SOR algorithm. Roe’s FDS scheme is used to discritize the inviscid flux terms. Un- steady computational results of SOR are compared with the experiment results and those of Gauss-Seidel. Results reveal that the numerical results agree well with the experimental data and the second-order accuracy can be obtained as the Gauss-Seidel for unsteady flow computations. The impact of SOR factor is investigated for unsteady computations by using different SOR factors in this algorithm to simulate each computational test. Different numbers of inner iterations are needed to converge to the same criterion for different SOR factors and optimal choice of SOR factor can improve the computational efficiency greatly.