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海杂波是制约对海雷达探测性能的主要因素之一,掌握其特性,具有十分重要的意义。经典海杂波统计模型在参数估计方法上以传统统计学理论为基础,在样本数较少的情况下,估计结果往往较差,导致建模准确度下降。此外,在复杂非均匀探测背景下,难以实现海杂波模型参数的准确实时估计。针对该问题,文章将深度神经网络模型引入海杂波参数估计领域,通过构建合理的模型,使其具备海杂波幅度分布模型的高精度参数估计能力。该方法采用直方图统计的方法进行数据预处理,合理划分输入数据标签的分组区间,构建数据集训练神经网络,并利用测试数据得到神经网络估计结果。仿真数据和X波段IPIX雷达实测数据验证结果表明,与传统数理统计估计方法相比,该算法明显提升了海杂波统计模型参数估计精度。 相似文献
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针对海杂波背景下目标检测问题的实际需求,在机理分析的基础上,利用实测数据对海杂波谱的时变特性进行了分析。首先,分析了波束照射区域内由海表面波浪运动引起的多普勒频移和展宽现象,以及随雷达工作参数之间的依赖关系;然后,对已有海杂波谱机理研究结果进行了分析和总结。在此基础上,利用加窗的周期图法估计得到海杂波的时间-多普勒谱,进而从相关时间的统计特性、谱宽与时域海杂波拖尾程度的依赖关系两个层面对海杂波谱的时变特性进行了分析。分析结果可为海杂波谱建模、海杂波抑制及目标检测方法设计提供理论指导。 相似文献
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由于低擦地角、高海况等易引起雷达海杂波序列的局部剧烈波动,传统的统计分布模型难以描述突然出现的具有冲激特性的强回波,因此,针对这一问题,将广义自回归条件异方差(Generalized Auto Regressive Conditional Heteroskedasticity,GARCH)模型引入海杂波建模中,通过 GARCH模型阶数步进搜索结合残差序列方差齐性检验,实现了海杂波数据的波动信息提取。经 X波段雷达实测数据验证,所提出的波动信息提取方法,可以很好地提取实测海杂波数据在局部区域或时间段内的波动信息,为特征检测方法设计提供有效的特征支撑。 相似文献
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文中研究了海上动目标雷达回波与海杂波在分数阶Fourier域(FRFT域)的分形特性,利用两者幅值起伏程度的不同,提出了一种基于FRFT域分形维数差异的动目标检测方法。该方法以处处连续而不可导的非平稳不规则信号模型——分数布朗运动作为FRFT域分形模型,通过仿真分析实测海杂波数据的分形曲线,证明海杂波在FRFT域的无标度区间内具有分形特性。提取出FRFT域海杂波与动目标回波的分形维数,并利用其固有的差异进行目标检测。经不同极化方式下海杂波数据仿真,验证了算法的有效性。 相似文献
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针对飞行模拟训练需求,基于自然云与电磁波束相互作用的统计特性,设计了 1种自然云雷达图像仿真方案,给出了多个关键仿真模型的实现方法。通过雷达波束的子波束划分实现雷达波束充塞系数的估算,解决了波束充塞系数计算难度大的问题,并根据云的三维模型设计了雷达回波能量计算模型。通过将三维空间的计算转化到二维平面内以获取雷达波束中心与云团交点位置及参数,以此计算雷达反射率和雷达回波的距离衰减。仿真实验表明:该方法能较好地体现云对回波的衰减效应,以及波束充塞度对远距离云回波计算的影响,具有较好的实时性。 相似文献
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海杂波的相关特性分为时间相关性和空间相关性,二者均与雷达系统参数、环境条件等多种因素有关。文章利用X波段雷达实测海杂波数据,重点研究了不同极化条件下海杂波的时间相关性、高低典型海况和不同入射余角条件下的海杂波距离向和方位向空间相关性。经大量实测数据验证表明,极化方式对海杂波强时间相关性影响较小,海杂波距离向空间相关性受海况影响较大、方位向相邻分辨单元空间相关性较弱,这些结论对于海杂波中目标检测方法优化设计具有重要意义。 相似文献
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HRR Detector for Slow-Moving Targets in Sea Clutter 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Blunt S.D. Gerlach K. Heyer J. 《IEEE transactions on aerospace and electronic systems》2007,43(3):965-974
The radar detection of targets in the presence of sea clutter has historically relied upon the radial velocity of targets with respect to the radar platform either by exploiting the relative target Dopplers (for targets with sufficient radial velocity) or by discerning the paths targets traverse from scan to scan. For targets with little to no radial velocity component, though, it can become quite difficult to differentiate targets from the surrounding sea clutter. This paper addresses the detection of slow-moving targets in sea clutter using a high resolution radar (HRR) such that the target has perceptible extent in range. Under the assumption of completely random sea clutter spikes based on an epsiv-contaminated mixture model with the signal and clutter powers known, optimal detection performance results from using the likelihood ratio test (LRT). However, for realistic sea clutter, the clutter spikes tend to be a localized phenomenon. Based upon observations from real radar data measurements, a heuristic approach exploiting a salient aspect of the idealized LRT is developed which is shown to perform well when applied to real measured sea clutter. 相似文献
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Detection of small objects in a radar or satellite image is an important problem with many applications. Due to a recent discovery that sea clutter, the electromagnetic wave backscatter from a sea surface, is chaotic rather than purely random, computational intelligence techniques such as neural networks have been applied to reconstruct the chaotic dynamic of sea clutter. The reconstructed sea clutter dynamical system which usually takes the form of a nonlinear predictor does not only provide a model of the sea scattering phenomenon, but it can also be used to detect the existence of small targets such as fishing boats and small fragments of icebergs by observing abrupt changes in the prediction error. We applied a genetic algorithm (GA) to obtain an optimal reconstruction of sea clutter dynamic based on a radial basis function (RBF) neural network. This GA-RBF uses a hybrid approach that employes a GA to search for the optimum values of the following RBF parameters: centers, variance, and number of hidden nodes, and uses the least square method to determine the weights. It is shown here that if the functional form of an unknown nonlinear dynamical system can be represented exactly using an RBF net (i.e., no approximation error), this GA-RBF approach can reconstruct the exact dynamic from its time series measurements. In addition to the improved accuracy in modeling sea clutter dynamic, the GA-RBF is also shown to enhance the detectability of small objects embedded in the sea. Using real-life radar data that are collected in the east coast of Canada by two different radar systems: a ground-based radar and a satellite equipped with synthetic aperture radar (SAR), we show that the GA-RBF network is a reliable detector for small surface targets in various sea conditions and is practical for real-life search and rescue, navigation, and surveillance applications 相似文献
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海杂波是反舰导弹末制导雷达回波的主要背景噪声,在末制导雷达模拟器的设计中,海杂波产生器是一个重要组成部分。在研究海杂波噪声概率分布密度的基础上,给出了一种基于FPGA技术的海杂波产生器的设计方案,并利用Altera公司的cyclone II系列芯片和QuartusII开发软件对设计进行了仿真验证。采用FPGA技术可以方便地对设计方案、海杂波的分布形式、数据量大小进行修改。仿真结果表明,该设计能够产生符合要求的海杂波信号,并且具有结构简单、集成度高、易于修改等特点。 相似文献
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Radar Properties of Non-Rayleigh Sea Clutter 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Measurements of sea clutter at low grazing angles using high- resolution radar show that the probability density p(x) of envelope detected sea clutter is not Rayleigh. Using the composite surface scattering model, a special varying clutter density p(x|?0) is proposed and is used to explain the non-Rayleigh nature of clutter. Since the clutter distribution has an enormous effect on the performance of a radar, the variation of the clutter densities, p(x) and p(x|?0), with various radar parameters such as frequency, pulsewidth, and polarization is found. Finally, a simulation of the composite surface scattering model is performed, and it verifies the effect of the various parameters on p(x). 相似文献
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目标特性是雷达目标检测识别等精细化处理的基础。设计检测器主要是设计 1个检测统计量,使之在有无目标时有尽可能大的差别。经典的检测主要用幅度特性、相关性等。利用 X波段雷达 2~5级海况下航道浮标实测数据,分别对比分析海况连续变化下海杂波和海面小目标的时间相关性、空间相关性、相对平均幅度(RelativeAver-ageAmplitude,RAA)、相对多普勒峰高(RelativeDopplerPeakHeight,RDPH)和相对多普勒向量熵(RelativeVector Entropy,RVE)5种特征的变化情况。大量实测数据验证表明,随着海况等级增加,海杂波与海面小目标的时空强相关数值逐渐变小:2~5级海况下,RAA具有较好的可区分性;2~3级海况下,RDPH据有较好的可区分性,4~5级海况下区分效果不理想;5级海况下,RVE的具有较好的可分效果。结论对于海杂波背景下雷达目标特征检测方法优化设计具有重要意义。 相似文献
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介绍了嵌入式仿真技术及其发展,将嵌入式仿真与雷达模拟训练相结合,构成了能够嵌入到机械扫描雷达实装的模拟训练系统。描述了对嵌入式仿真训练系统的结构组成以及部分模块的功能,研究了模拟雷达视频回波数据的方法和模型,包括目标回波、地物杂波、海杂波、气象杂波、有源干扰和接收机内部噪声,利用数学模型计算回波的强度、方位、距离等特性,调制实际录取的回波数据,生成与态势设置参数相应的模拟回波数据,能够对信号处理操作和抗干扰操作做出响应。通过对视频回波进行仿真,由终端显示画面可知模拟的回波数据具有较高的逼真度,经测试模拟视频回波能够被雷达显控终端识别。 相似文献