Analysis of nonlinear deformation and stability of oval cylindrical shells under combined loading by bending and torsion moments

A problem of geometrically nonlinear deformation and stability of cylindrical shells with noncircular cross-section contour is solved by the finite element method. The nonlinear system of algebraic equations to determine the nodal unknowns of finite elements is obtained with the use of the variational Lagrange principle. The system is solved by the method of successive loadings with the use of the Newton-Kantorovich method of linearization, the method of solving linear Craut’s equations and Sylvestor’s stability criterion. The nonlinear deformation and stability of shells with the oval and elliptical cross-sections under combined loading by bending and torsion moments are analyzed. The critical loads and buckling modes of shells are determined. The influence of deformation nonlinearity, shell ovality and ellipticity on the critical loads is clarified.     

有限长椭圆瓦轴承油膜力近似解析模型

基于动态油膜边界条件,利用分离变量法求解Reynolds方程,获得了有限长圆瓦滑动轴承油膜压力分布表达式,推导了圆瓦轴承油膜力近似解析模型.在此基础上,根据椭圆瓦轴承油膜边界条件,建立了有限长椭圆瓦轴承油膜力近似解析模型.与有限差分法模型、长轴承模型、短轴承模型对比的结果显示,有限长椭圆瓦轴承油膜力模型能够适应任意长径比,且具有较高计算精度.基于给出的模型,利用Runge-Kutta法分析了刚性转子-椭圆瓦轴承系统的动力学特性,仿真结果表明,该模型能够较好描述椭圆瓦轴承油膜动力特性.      

综合载荷环境下高超声速飞行器结构多场联合强度试验技术

针对当前高超声速飞行器结构综合环境强度验证技术的迫切需求,开展考虑气动力、高温、噪声及机械振动等载荷的多场联合强度试验设计,提出了多系统集成方法,给出了多载荷联合加载解耦方法与控制策略,基于行波管建立了多场联合试验平台,对平台关键环境影响因素进行了分析,给出了具体的解决途径,最后基于该试验平台完成了某舵面构件的气动力/高温/噪声/振动多场联合试验,得到了联合载荷作用下结构应变、加速度及位移等响应的时域与频域变化特征,试验表明,多场联合环境下结构的响应水平较高,结构更容易发生破坏,通过该试验验证了多场联合试验技术的可行性及有效性,可为复杂载荷环境下高超声速飞行器结构的地面强度试验验证提供有力的技术支撑。     

Nonlinear bending and stability of circular plates under the liquid pressure and temperature

Cases of substantial difference between working and initial temperatures are examined. Peculiarities of the deformation process at the sub- and post-critical temperatures and liquid pressure are revealed.     

Interaction formulae for buckling and failure of orthotropic plates under combined axial compression/tension and shear

An interaction function was constructed based on the axial compression/tension and shear loads of orthotropic plates. The coefficients of the polynomial function were determined by uniaxial test results. Buckling interaction and failure interaction formulae under combined axial tension/compression and shear loads were established. Based on the uniaxial load test results of orthotropic plates, the buckling load and bearing capacity under any proportion of the combined loads could be predicted by ...     

非零压差边界下间隙流动雷诺方程近似解析解

为了获得间隙密封、滑动轴承等的液膜压力分布解析表达式,将间隙流动雷诺方程的解析解表示为特解和通解之和,其中特解表示为周向坐标函数和轴向坐标函数之和,通解表示为周向坐标函数和轴向坐标函数之积,结合分离变量法和非零压差边界条件,推导获得间隙流动雷诺方程的近似解析解。基于近似解析解计算间隙密封的液膜承载力和偏位角等参数,并与采用有限差分法的计算结果对比,其中液膜承载力偏差小于5%,偏位角偏差小于3°,而计算效率提高了数百倍。      

复合材料板拉/压-剪复合载荷屈曲相关方程

利用轴向拉伸/压缩和面内剪切载荷构建了一个相互作用函数,并将其通过幂级数展开成二次多项式,利用单轴试验测试的复合材料板屈曲载荷,基于数学原理和合理的假设,推导确定了多项式的各项待定系数,构建了轴向拉伸/压缩和剪切复合载荷下的复合材料板屈曲相关方程,从数学上理性地解决了传统屈曲相关方程不适用于复合材料板（尤其是非均衡铺层板）的问题。利用提出的相关方程预测了4种不同的非均衡铺层复合材料板在轴向拉伸/压缩和剪切载荷作用下的屈曲相关曲线,并与有限元特征值法的模拟结果进行了对比,两者具有很好的一致性,而对于传统相关方程,其铺层的非均衡性越大则预测误差越大。最后通过均衡铺层的复合材料加筋壁板的压剪复合试验进一步证明了提出的相关方程的有效性。     

Explicit solutions for some simple decentralized detection problems

A decentralized detection problem is considered in which a number of identical sensors transmit a finite-valued function of their observations to a fusion center which makes a final decision on one of M alternative hypotheses. The authors consider the case in which the number of sensors is large, and they derive (asymptotically) optimal rules for determining the messages of the sensors when the observations are generated from a simple and symmetrical set of discrete distributions. They also consider the tradeoff between the number of sensors and the communication rate of each sensor when there is a constraint on the total communication rate from the sensors to the fusion center. The results suggest that it is preferable to have several independent sensors transmitting low-rate (coarse) information instead of a few sensors transmitting high-rate (very detailed) information. They also suggest that an M-ary hypothesis testing problem can be viewed as a collection of M(M-1)/2 binary hypothesis testing problems. From this point of view the most useful messages (decision rules) are those that provide information to the fusion center that is relevant to the largest possible numbers of these binary hypothesis testing problems     

High-velocity impact responses of 2618 aluminum plates for engine containment systems under combined actions of projectile form and oblique angle

Ballistic impact tests were carried out with examined projectiles of the Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy to investigate the impact response of the 2618 aluminum plates at a nominal velocity of 210 m/s. The influence of projectile forms and oblique angles on damage formation was particularly discussed by applying different loading conditions such as multiple projectile forms and oblique angles. Additionally, the numerical simulation method was employed to provide further insight into the characteristics of damage and target responses. The Johnson-Cook(J-C)constitutive model with revised failure parameters was used to support the simulations to assess target responses and characteristics of the damage created from different impact conditions. Results show that there is a significant transition in the deformation mode as changes of the projectile form are applied. Moreover, the cracks on the back of the 2618 aluminum alloy plates impacted by the solid plate projectile and the hollow blade projectile tend to locate at different positions, which are supposed to be influenced by local bending and stretching. The work in this paper may provide guidance for the design of fan blade containment systems.     

Analytical and asymptotic solution of boundary value problems in the mechanics of deformed shells under concentrated loading

The paper proposes an analytical interval conjugation method for solving boundary value problems in the mechanics of deformed shells under concentrated loading. The errors are evaluated in solving the similar problems by means of asymptotic formulas.     

涡轮叶片复合疲劳特性曲线及其规律的试验

为了解高周振动载荷对于涡轮叶片高温疲劳性能的影响,对某型涡轮叶片进行高低周复合疲劳试验.试验结果表明,在低周载荷基础上叠加高频振动载荷,显著缩短了叶片的疲劳寿命;复合疲劳的分散性很大,且不存在疲劳极限,当叶片高周循环次数超过107时,继续试验叶片仍会发生断裂;在双对数坐标下,叶片的振动应力与其高周循环寿命成线性关系,即复合疲劳特性曲线(应力-寿命曲线、概率-应力-寿命曲线)服从双对数线性规律,进一步研究发现该规律对于高温合金材料的复合疲劳特性曲线具有普遍性.      

多轴随机载荷下的疲劳寿命估算方法

提出了一种多轴随机载荷下的疲劳寿命预测方法.通过雨流计数法对各平面上的剪应变进行循环计数,以统计出的剪应变循环作为多轴疲劳损伤的主要控制参数,将各剪应变循环历程内对应的最大正应力和正应变变程作为多轴疲劳损伤的第二控制参数.根据多轴疲劳寿命模型计算出各平面上的损伤,以最大损伤平面作为多轴随机疲劳的临界平面,通过该临界平面上的损伤计算出多轴随机载荷下的疲劳寿命.采用SNCM630钢,304不锈钢和S45C钢3种金属材料的多轴随机疲劳试验数据对提出的寿命预测方法进行评估和验证.结果表明:疲劳寿命预测结果大都分布在试验结果的2倍分散带之内.     

无限板孔边裂纹问题的高精度解析权函数解

用Wu-Carlsson解析权函数法（WFM）求得了无限板孔边径向单裂纹和对称双裂纹的高精度解析权函数（WF）。分别用Shivakumar-Forman和Newman的解及基于复变函数泰勒级数展开的数值权函数WCTSE法结果,通过对相应格林函数（GF）的逐点比较验证了本文解析权函数的精度。该权函数不但精度高,而且作为裂纹长度的连续函数,能够高效准确地求解任意长度（a/R≤2）裂纹在任意复杂载荷作用下的断裂力学关键参量;且孔边单/双裂纹问题的权函数的形式和推导方法完全相同。作为示例,用该解析权函数计算了孔边裂纹在裂纹嘴楔形载荷、裂纹面幂函数,以及圆孔冷挤压残余应力等多种载荷形式下的应力强度因子。     

航空薄壁结构高温声疲劳应力工程分析方法

薄壁结构的动力特性及动态响应分析是声疲劳分析以及寿命估算的基础。针对结构声疲劳问题,总结了国内外计算薄壁结构在高温环境下的声激励应力响应的几种主要的工程分析方法,包括模态分析法、有限元法等;在此基础上,对上述计算方法的优点和局限性进行了相关的阐述,同时还对薄壁结构的声疲劳研究进行了展望。     

循环加载下复合推进剂的能量耗散

在空空导弹的挂载飞行阶段,弹体高频振动导致的固体推进剂温升极大地损害了固体火箭发动机的性能。为深入探究固体推进剂的能量耗散及其影响因素,针对某复合推进剂进行了不同应变幅值下的多频率疲劳测试,并利用非接触式红外辐射装置同步采集了循环加载下推进剂试件的表面温度,讨论了频率、应变幅值两个因素对复合推进剂能量耗散的影响。结果发现,复合推进剂由于自身的黏滞性,在外部激励下产生了剧烈的疲劳生热行为,其能量耗散密度随着加载幅值和频率的增大而提高,能量耗散带来的试件表面温度呈现出先增大后稳定的规律。根据能量耗散和温度场方程,建立了复合推进剂疲劳过程中的温升计算模型,利用有限元仿真对不同加载条件下推进剂的滞后温升进行了较好的预测。     

多轴应力状态下的局部应力应变近似计算方法及其应用

根据弹塑性力学基本原理 ,建立了单轴与多轴应力应变之间的关系 ,应用多轴Neuber法和Glinka法 ,计算了圆棒结构件应力集中处的应力应变 ,并与弹塑性有限元结果进行了比较 ,分析表明 :多轴应力状态下直接采用单轴近似算法会产生较大误差 ,采用多轴Neuber法及Glinka法计算得到的局部应力应变结果与弹塑性有限元结果比较接近。在此基础上 ,对航空发动机轮盘榫槽部位进行了局部应力应变计算分析     

应用复合型网格求解叶栅气动设计杂交型问题

建立在流线坐标系上的叶栅气动设计反命题与杂交命题是在映象平面(由流线坐标与周向坐标构成H上求解的.以往在映像平面只采用H型网格,本文首次将H加C型复合网格用于这类反命题计算,使叶栅前缘附近网格构造趋于合理,从而明显提高了计算精度.本文采用的解法是基于叶轮机气动变分原理的有限元方法.     

大跨度桥梁斜风作用下抖振响应现场实测及风洞试验研究

基于现场实测和全桥气弹模型风洞实验,对大跨度桥梁在斜风作用下的抖振响应进行了研究。在西堠门大桥上安装了GPS位移测量系统和加速度传感器,对桥梁在施工和成桥阶段的风速、风压和抖振响应进行了同步现场实测。然后设计1∶124的全桥气弹模型,进行了该桥在正交风与斜向风作用下的抖振响应风洞试验。对现场实测数据和全桥气弹模型风洞试验结果进行了对比分析,实测数据与风洞实验结果吻合较好。分析结果表明大跨度桥梁在斜风作用下的抖振响应幅值可能达到甚至超过同等风速正交风作用下的响应值。因此,大跨度桥梁抖振响应分析中考虑斜风的作用是非常有必要的。通过对本桥在斜风作用下抖振响应的现场实测和全桥风洞试验结果的研究,得出了一些关于斜风作用下大跨度桥梁抖振响应的有益结论。     

基于解析解的人字齿轮齿廓修形动态分析

根据人字齿轮传动的结构,考虑时变啮合刚度、齿侧间隙,并把齿廓修形作为一种时变齿侧间隙计入,建立了单级人字齿轮传动的弯-扭-轴耦合动力学模型和相应的非线性动力学方程.对方程的数值解进行分析,发现合理的修形使人字齿轮传动不发生齿面的完全分离.基于多尺度法对不发生齿面完全分离时的人字齿轮传动系统进行了摄动分析,得到了系统在主共振频率附近幅频响应的近似解析解.相比数值方法,解析法具有很高的求解效率.最后,根据近似解析解研究了修形参数对动载系数幅值的影响.研究发现:螺旋角越大使动载系数最小所需的修形量越大,而所需的修形长度越小.另外,使动载系数最小的最优修形参数解域呈新月形,其随着主动轮支承刚度的增大而先增大后减小;随着被动轮支承刚度的增大而持续减小.