高重合度齿轮传动系统的振动参数稳定性

研究了高重合度齿轮转子-滚动轴承传动系统的振动强度稳定性以及振动轨道稳定性随系统参数的变化规律。通过振动强度参数稳定域的计算,量化了高重合度齿轮副对齿轮转子 滚动轴承传动系统稳定性提升的贡献大小。结果发现在转子质量偏心较小的条件下,高重合度齿轮系统的振动强度稳定性要比普通重合度齿轮系统提升很多;但在转子质量偏心较大时,高重合度齿轮副的采用对传动系统参数稳定域的扩张并没有显著贡献。通过振动轨道稳定性全局分岔图的计算,明确了滚动轴承游隙、转子质量偏心等参数对高重合度齿轮转子-滚动轴承系统振动轨道稳定性的影响规律,获得了系统各种稳定周期轨道及非周期轨道与对应参数区间的映射关系。      

Dynamics,stability, and control of a four-cable mount system for wind tunnel test

A four-cable mount system is proposed for full-model wind tunnel flutter tests, which may adjust the pitch and roll attitude of the aircraft scaled model and ensure that the model is not subjected to cable tension. The system provides sufficient support to simulate the free flight of the aircraft by applying appropriate spring stiffness and cable tensions. The proposed four-cable mount system is modeled based on Lagrange mechanics, and its dynamics equations consider aerodynamic effects. The singularity of the system and its bifurcation characteristics under flow conditions are analysed to determine the supercritical bifurcation phenomenon for different tension levels and distances from the front suspension point to the mass centre of the model. The mathematical expressions of the longitudinal flight stability of the cable mount system are derived by linearising the system dynamics equations using small perturbations. The influence of the cable tension, spring stiffness, suspension point position, and other factors on the flight stability of the aircraft are analysed. A feedforward control algorithm is proposed to minimize the total elastic potential energy of the system. The results show that the model is in the level flight state when the elastic potential energy of the four-cable mount system is minimized. A feedback control design method is proposed based on the Lyapunov stability theory to derive the closed-loop stability conditions. The system dynamics model that includes the aircraft rigid body model, flexible cables, pulleys, springs, aerodynamic model, and servo motor control is established using the flexible multibody dynamics method. A multibody dynamics solver and Simulink are used to simulate the attitude adjustment of the model in the wind tunnel and verify the supercritical bifurcation characteristics of the system and the effectiveness of the feedback and feedforward control.     

直升机弹性多支点传动轴的主共振分岔分析

根据质心运动定理、G alerk in法和D irac函数,求得非惯性移动系下直升机的倾斜弹性多支点传动轴的弯曲运动方程。在此基础上,用多尺度法求得稳态下主共振的分岔方程。分析了运动稳定性、幅频响应曲线的拓扑结构等。结果表明:弹性中间支点有限幅器的功用,能提高传动轴的运动稳定性,增大相邻阶主共振之间不分岔的频率范围。可通过减小偏心距、降低主共振的阶数、加大传动轴及中间支点处的阻尼,使传动轴主共振不分岔。      

自由曲面配准技术

讨论了自由曲面形状误差检测方法,研究了自由曲面配准技术.采用简单的方法定义测量数据与自由曲面的中心坐标系,并使用主轴法进行预配准,为后续精确配准提供了可靠的初值,避免常规方法易陷入局部最优解的问题.提出了曲面精确配准的迭代优化方法,该方法通过修改目标函数以及适当选取偏差阈值,有效降低局部大误差点对配准结果产生的影响.实验结果表明文中算法的有效性.     

弹—塑性圆环串接系统受强动载荷作用的失效分析

 基于单个弹—塑性圆环受阶跃载荷作用的的载荷—位移关系,将弹—塑性串接圆环系统等效为弹—塑性质量弹簧系统,研究了这一系统受强烈冲击的动力响应,重点讨论圆环塑性失效的传播过程,并与环系的有限元计算结果和Reid等的高速摄影实验结果进行了比较,结果是满意的。     

Energy release in double layers

A Double layer (DL) in a current carrying plasma sustains a localised net potential difference and acts as an impedance converting electrical energy to directed particle energy determined by the DL potential. DL's accelerate equal numbers of ions and electrons for relativistic energies, otherwise electron energisation predominates. Their time independent structure may be described as a BGK (Bernstein-Greene-Kruskal) state analogous to that for laminar shocks, and certain existence criteria must be satisfied. The generalised Langmuir criterion requires total particle pressure balance over the DL and may imply propagation in the plasma reference frame. The Bohm criteria require sufficiently large current densities and are closely related to the local stability condition at the edges of the DL. The DL potential must be sustained externally, for example by the release of stored magnetic energy. A steady state is also possible where (externally maintained) mass motions drive a dynamo region connected by currents to the DL which acts as an electrical load.     

机载拖曳体动力学建模及分析

在某些航空应用场景,需要通过飞行器拖曳功能性部件完成特定性任务,例如机载拖曳对潜通信天线等,在这些应用中,通过建立科学的模型和方法,准确地分析稳态、动态特性是保证拖曳体正常工作的前提条件。本文以对潜通信天线为例,建立考虑天线气动力、惯性力以及弹性力的多体动力学的机载天线动力学模型,并对该模型的稳态结果进行算例验证;对考虑载机非定常运动以及突风作用等扰动后的天线系统动态响应进行分析,并对天线断裂等极端情况进行评估。结果表明：本文所建立的模型在垂直度、天线张力等方面的分析结果较好,能够应用于航空拖曳体的稳态及动态特性分析,在对潜通信天线、加油管等系统的设计方面有一定的工程价值。     

基于分岔理论的起落架撑杆式锁机构设计

提出了运用分岔理论研究锁机构性能问题的分析方法，以前起落架上下位一体式锁机构为对象，基于分岔理论，通过数值延拓，研究了收放作动筒和解锁作动筒对该机构稳定性能的影响，阐释了锁机构运动分岔图中分岔点与上锁、解锁行为的对应关系，并分别针对上、下位解锁过程按照不同解锁力共划分了5种锁机构解锁状态。论述了延拓解锁、上锁分岔点得到的轨迹曲线，并根据曲线临界尖点定义了临界解锁力和临界解锁角度2个状态变量，随后分析了弹簧刚度、原长和安装点位置对以上变量的影响趋势。基于影响分析结果，在锁机构上锁能力一定的前提下，改变参数，优化了下位临界解锁力。研究表明，分岔分析能够快速全面地把握锁机构动力学特性随不同参数的变化趋势，在分析锁机构性能、指导参数初步设计方面有一定优势。     

Attitude control of a bias momentum satellite using moment ofinertia

Analysis on the attitude controller based upon moment of inertia distribution for a bias momentum satellite is discussed. Spacecraft moment of inertia distribution is represented in the form of product of inertia terms in the system inertia matrix. The product of inertia between orthogonal body axes of the satellite is used to build a controller which controls the nutational motion caused by the angular momentum of the wheel. The attitude controller in the pitch axis controlling the pitch motion as well as nutational dynamics in the roll/yaw planes is analyzed in detail. Analytic expressions using linearized equations are derived providing further insight into the dynamic coupling effect among orthogonal body axes     

弹性梁碰撞阻尼识别的新方法

首先将连续碰撞系统离散成包括任意个模态的状态方程,然后基于Hertz定理和能量平衡原理,证明弹性碰撞阻尼取决于碰撞冲量和最大碰撞力,提出了确定弹性梁碰撞阻尼的新方法,解决了碰撞阻尼识别中的关键问题。最后由两个弹性梁的碰撞实验检验了其正确和有效性。     

非线性转子—SFD支承系统的分叉

利用Ｎｅｗ ｔｏｎ－ Ｆｏｘ 打靶法和伪弧长连续算法计算了非线性转子—ＳＦＤ支承系统的周期解。基于多变量Ｆｌｏｑｕｅｔ理论,分析了该系统的分叉和稳定性。基于Ｐｏｉｎｃａｒé映射得到了系统的分支图。结果表明,转子系统的运动呈现倍周期分叉、切分叉等非线性动力学现象     

Novel orbit-attitude combination mode for solar power satellites to reduce mass and fuel

Solar power satellite receives great attention because it can release the energy crisis and environmental problems in the future. However, the launch and maintenance costs are tremendous due to the large system mass and large fuel consumption to counteract space perturbations. To reduce mass and fuel, a novel quasi-Sun-pointing attitude in Sun-frozen orbit is proposed. The Sun-frozen orbit has a nonzero eccentricity vector that always points towards the Sun. The quasi-Sun-pointing attitude is a periodic solution of the Sun-pointing attitude angle. Although about 3 % electricity must be given up because of the variation of Sun-pointing attitude angle, little control action is required to deal with the solar radiation pressure and gravity-gradient torque. The algorithm to obtain initial conditions is proposed. The influences of system parameters and structural flexibilities are studied. Simulation results reveal that the quasi-Sun-pointing attitude in Sun-frozen orbit dramatically reduce fuel consumption, the dry mass, and complexity of the control system. In addition, structural vibration is hardly induced by the gravity-gradient torque. Thus, the bending stiffness as well as the mass of the supporting structure can be reduced.     

Tangent-impulse transfer from elliptic orbit to an excess velocity vector

The two-body orbital transfer problem from an elliptic parking orbit to an excess veloc-ity vector with the tangent impulse is studied. The direction of the impulse is constrained to be aligned with the velocity vector, then speed changes are enough to nullify the relative velocity. First, if one tangent impulse is used, the transfer orbit is obtained by solving a single-variable function about the true anomaly of the initial orbit. For the initial circular orbit, the closed-form solution is derived. For the initial elliptic orbit, the discontinuous point is solved, then the initial true anomaly is obtained by a numerical iterative approach; moreover, an alternative method is proposed to avoid the singularity. There is only one solution for one-tangent-impulse escape trajectory. Then, based on the one-tangent-impulse solution, the minimum-energy multi-tangent-impulse escape trajectory is obtained by a numerical optimization algorithm, e.g., the genetic method. Finally, several examples are provided to validate the proposed method. The numerical results show that the minimum-energy multi-tangent-impulse escape trajectory is the same as the one-tangent-impulse trajectory.     

导电圆柱壳体磁弹性二阶谐波共振响应分析

 研究了磁场环境中受机械载荷作用圆柱壳体的二阶谐波共振响应问题。首先给出了电磁场环境中导电圆柱壳体的非线性磁弹性振动方程和电磁场方程,并应用伽辽金积分法导出了相应的无量纲化非线性振动微分方程。然后采用多尺度法对系统的二阶超谐波和亚谐波共振问题进行求解,得到了稳态运动下关于定常解的幅值响应方程及解的稳定性判别式。最后通过数值算例,给出了共振幅值随磁感应强度和外激励力等参量变化的特征曲线图,分析了解的稳定性、奇点性态及分岔特性。结果表明,通过电磁或机械参数的适当选取,能够达到激发或抑制系统共振现象的目的。     

质量不平衡双平衡环挠性陀螺的力学分析

 本文给出了转子和平衡环质量不平衡的双平衡环挠性陀螺的动力学方程,推广了理想情况下的陀螺动力学方程。分析了各种加速度对陀螺漂移的影响,列表给出了载体在各种线振动情况下陀螺的漂移,为工程应用上建立补偿陀螺漂移误差模型提供了理论依据。     

面内轨道转移过程中的绳系系统摆振特性研究

轨道转移过程中的绳系系统处于非开普勒轨道,导致系统呈现复杂的动力学行为并影响着星体的飞行安全,因此研究系统摆振特性具有重要的理论和实际意义。针对复杂的非线性和强耦合问题,利用动量矩定理建立绳系系统姿态动力学方程,以切向常值加速度轨道转移为任务背景,给出了系统质心运动轨迹;通过分析面内摆角的静态分岔现象,推导了面内、面外摆角的一阶摆动解析解;引入经典的珠点模型,研究系绳纵向和横向的振动特性,并分析了系绳摆动与系绳振动之间的耦合关系。仿真结果表明:面内轨道转移过程中,面内、面外摆角以固定的频率绕平衡位置做往返摆动,摆动频率大小以及平衡位置的变化均与系绳长度、推力加速度和所处轨道密切相关,面内摆角摆动频率接近轨道角频率时会引起共振现象,系绳在轨道转移过程中会出现大幅度横向振动等现象。     

多自由度强非线性柔性转子—挤压油膜阻尼器系统的分叉与混沌响应

 对航空发动机常用的柔性转子—非同心型挤压油膜阻尼器系统的受迫不平衡响应的分叉与混沌行为进行了研究,所研究的系统是8 自由度16 阶的强非线性系统。通过分析系统响应的轨迹图、分叉图和Poincare 图发现:系统响应中存在多种周期(协调、亚谐和超谐) 和非周期(拟周期和混沌) 响应形式。在整个转速比区间内,周期响应和非周期响应是交错分布的。该系统有拟周期分叉和倍周期分叉等分叉形式。系统响应进入混沌的道路主要有:周期倍化分叉进入混沌;拟周期分叉进入混沌和阵发性进入混沌。而系统退出混沌的道路主要有:周期倍化分叉退出混沌和拟周期分叉退出混沌。     

光学测量中心站远程监控系统实现

为了在执行航天任务时,远程控制数台光学测量设备对飞弹轨道的精密测量,设计了光学测量设备远程控制中心站。远程控制中心站的硬件系统完成计算机与各外置板卡间的通信,计算机使用带中断支持功能的I/O卡连接B码时统设备辨识出硬件信号;而软件系统则使用核心框架与业务逻辑层分离的方法进行设计。其中,核心框架层完成与所有接入系统的硬件传感器的通信及Windows内核级对象管理功能、中断服务功能、数据文件存储功能,核心框架只有很少的界面;业务逻辑层完成界面展现与数据处理功能,是具体的项目逻辑部分。核心框架与业务逻辑之间使用公用缓冲区与消息机制进行通信,这样,一旦软件系统的核心框架层调试完成后,将可用于更多相似的工程项目。通过分析,光学测量设备远程控制中心站可以实现全自动无人值守。     

在非定常气动力作用下弹性飞行器的动稳定性及主动控制

首先导出了在非定常气动力作用下的弹性飞行器纵向运动方程。而后就简化的非定常气动力数学模型提出了分析气动弹性对飞行器稳定性影响的方法。并从有效抑制飞行器的弹性振动角度研究主动反馈控制、操纵面及陀螺位置合适选择的最优综合设计问题。     

全弹性稳态微小流量测量系统

介绍了一种采用质量测量法的液体微小流量测量系统的工作原理与工作过程.系统采用全弹性连接方法设计,避免了常规质量测量法流量测量装置中非弹性连接管路造成的测量误差.采用压力补偿方法,修正由于压强对增压气体密度的影响.并以酒精为测试液体,进行了5种工况下流量测量试验.试验结果表明,该套微小流量测量系统工作稳定、可靠,可以精确测量出液体稳态微小流量.