Dynamics of debye-scale nonstationary plasma structures in the region of auroral field-aligned currents

We consider the formation of small-scale nonstationary plasma structures in the region of relatively strong field-aligned electric currents. The formation of these structures has been shown to be associated with the density instability developed when the current velocity exceeds a critical value. The conditions for the development of this instability can be most favorable in the region of low-density plasma. Numerical calculations have been performed for the initial nonlinear stage of the structure development. The main parameters of the structure, i.e., the times of its formation and destruction, spatial scales, and electric field, have been estimated. The features of the structures are consistent with the existing data from space experiments in the region of auroral field-aligned currents of the Earth.     

大气等离子喷涂纳米ZrO2涂层工艺与性能研究

以结合强度为测试指标进行正交试验,优化出纳米ZrO2热障涂层喷涂的最佳工艺参数,并对该涂层的结合强度、抗热震性能及隔热性能进行了试验研究。试验结果表明,经优化工艺喷涂的涂层结合强度可达33 MPa;抗热震性能好,1050℃水冷试验中,涂层可经历22次左右的热震循环;隔热效果明显,火焰与涂层表面以及涂层表面和试样背面随着火焰温度不同,分别具有300~600℃和100~200℃左右的温差。     

等离子喷涂成型钨基材料及薄壁构件研究

对小型固体火箭发动机喷管喉衬内衬用零烧蚀材料进行研究.采用大气等离子喷涂工艺成型难熔金属钨基薄壁构件,并进行材料性能表征.结果表明,等离子喷涂工艺成型钨材料经烧结、渗铜处理后,致密化程度提高,力学性能提升,压缩强度达750 MPa以上,通过试验条件为温度3000～3500 K、工作时间6.4s、平均压强3.2 MPa的小型试验发动机热试车考核,材料烧蚀率为零.喷涂钨/烧结/渗铜材料可作为3000K条件下零烧蚀材料的候选.     

加速度对微多普勒的影响及其补偿研究

微多普勒为雷达目标识别提供了一种新的特征,而目标的加速度会干扰微多普勒信息的提取.以锥体目标的摆动为例来研究加速度对微多普勒的影响,提出基于微多普勒时频谱的峰值法和基于微多普勒频谱的模板法用于加速度补偿,并对这两种方法进行了比较.仿真结果表明这两种方法能有效地补偿加速度.     

发动机后效段加表数据滤波方法研究

由于发动机后效段烧蚀不稳定、加表存在测量误差等原因,采用发动机后效段加表数据作为导弹级间分离点火判据时,必须对加表测量得到的原始数据进行滤波,以减小数据跳动,提高分离时刻的准确性.本文从滤波平滑度、实时性和计算量3方面对4种滤波方法:动窗平均法、动窗拟合法、频域滤波法和数字滤波法进行了对比分析.仿真结果表明,数字滤波法的计算量非常小,滤波平滑度比较好,比动窗平均法更适合于工程应用,但工程应用时必须对时延带来的数据偏差进行补偿;动窗拟合法滤波效果相对略差,计算量稍大,但实时性好,工程上可以考虑使用;频域滤波法滤波平滑度非常好,但计算量太大,工程上尚难以应用.     

Solar particle events and the International Space Station

The high inclination orbit for the International Space Station poses a risk to astronauts on EVA during occasional periods of enhanced high energy particle flux from the sun known as Solar Particle Events. We are currently unable to predict these events within the few-hour lead time required for evasive action. Compounding the threat is the fact that station construction occurs during increasing solar activity and through the peak of the solar cycle. In this paper we present an overview of the risk, the current methods to provide forecasts of SPEs, and potential risk mitigation options.     

Acceleration of solar cosmic rays and the fine spectral structure of type II radio bursts

On the basis of data, obtained by means of the ground-based solar service RSTN (Radio Solar Telescope Network) and the geostationary satellite system GOES, the relationship between the solar cosmic rays (SCR) intensity I _p with the proton energy E _p > 1 MeV and parameters of meter-decameter type II radio bursts in the frequency range of 25–180 MHz is studied. The process of proton acceleration by shock waves was characterized by the frequency drift velocity of radio bursts V _mII and the relative difference between radio emission frequencies at the first two harmonics b. It is shown that the coefficient of correlation between I _p and b increases with E _p growing from 0.40 to 0.70, while a similar coefficient between I _p and V _mII does not exceed 0.30. Indications in favor of the two-stage SCR acceleration model are obtained.     

Solution to the problem of joint evaluation of the nonstationary model of GSP drift and the state vector of a navigation system

The solution to the problem of evaluation in real time of nonstationary coefficients of the polynomial model of drift of a gyro-stabilized platform (GSP) is considered. In order to solve this problem, the estimating equations for the state vector of the navigation system (NS) are derived taking into account correlations between the equations of the object and the observer. Evaluation of the coefficients of the model of the GSP drift is realized based on minimization of nonlinear probabilistic criteria.     

羽流中固体颗粒在真空环境下分布的数值仿真

通过对气?固两相间动量和能量相互作用解耦处理,建立了一种适于模拟真空环境气固两相混合物羽流的DSMC双向耦合算法与固体颗粒空间输运变化特性的TPMC计算技术。仿真了固体火箭发动机两相羽流流场和固体颗粒在远离发动机喷口数十公里空间扩散运动分布特性,通过将计算结果与典型文献结果及理论分析比较确认,证实本文方法的准确可靠性。结果表明,固体颗粒对气相的扩散有一定的阻滞作用;仅在离发动机喷口一定距离,气相对固体颗粒有较大影响,致颗粒温度下降、速度增加;颗粒温度随发动机喷口距离增大而减小,一直要在远离喷口上百公里颗粒温度才随轴向位置趋于平衡,且不同尺寸的颗粒温度差别较大,对指导外层空间高真空环境气固两相羽流传输影响工程研制具有重要意义。     

热空气中硼粒子燃烧分析

针对硼粒子在热空气中的燃烧,以Mohan G和Williams F A提出的燃烧模型为基础.对较大粒径(d>35 μm)采用扩散燃烧火焰模型.对较小粒径(d<35μm)采用扩散和化学动力学控制模型,应用数学分析方法,研究了硼粒子燃烧规律,得出了热空气中硼粒子半径随时间的变化规律,分析了压强、温度等参数对硼粒子燃烧的影响...     

微波等离子推力器等离子体形成及其与微波耦合机理分析

微波等离子推力器（MPT）的最大优点是微波在谐振腔内放电使工质形成悬浮的等离子体,没有是极的烧蚀与寿命问题。文中计算了MPT谐振腔内氦气工质击穿场强与腔内气压的关系,结合实验现象及参数调节分析了微波等离子推力器等离子体形成的基本物理过程及影响等离子体稳定的因素、等离子体与微波耦合的机理等,为建立微波、等离子体、流场间的耦合计算模型奠定了基础。     

镁颗粒在CO_2中的点火燃烧特性试验

利用自行设计的氙灯点火燃烧试验装置,采用高分辨率高速成像系统,开展了单个镁颗粒在CO2气体氛围中的点火燃烧试验研究,直接观察到了镁颗粒点火燃烧过程中颗粒和火焰形态。试验结果表明,镁颗粒在CO2中的点火燃烧经历了颗粒熔化、表面化学反应、氧化层破裂、镁蒸气喷射、气相燃烧等物理化学过程,颗粒燃烧过程伴有脉动燃烧现象;环境压强对颗粒表面氧化层疏松度有一定影响,进而会影响到颗粒的点火温度,压强越大,颗粒点火温度越高;燃烧产物是中空的多孔球壳状物质,且外层为白色氧化镁,内层为黑色碳。     

高原重要航线飞机颠簸与地形的关系分析

引言我国有广大的高原,高原上山峰连绵,地势起伏,气候条件非常复杂,而且天气多变,灾害性天气多,给飞行带来巨大影响。由于高原地区机场少且不好备降,往往造成返航,给民航带来不利影响和经济损失,因此,高原气象是我国气象界和民航研究的重点。高原上对飞行影响最大的是飞机颠簸,它的预报也是航空气象预报的一个重点。     

硼在氧化性气氛中燃烧的热力学分析

根据吉布斯能最小原理,利用FactSage计算了B/O体系和B/C/ H/O体系的热平衡,研究了温度、压强和物质摩尔比对平衡的影响.计算结果表明,B/O体系下,当B/O摩尔比为2:3时,随温度逐渐升高,主要的气相含硼燃烧产物由B2O3(g)转变为BO(g)和BO2(g);提高环境压强,有助于增大硼燃烧的热量释放;当温度为2400K恒定的情况下,贫燃料时的主要产物为B2O3(g)和BO2 (g),富燃料时的主要产物为B2O3(g)、BO(g)和B2O2(g).在B/C/H/O体系中,把B/C/H/O摩尔比定为2:1:2:6,在温度相对较低时,B/C/H/O体系燃烧的主要产物为HBO2 (g)、CO2 (g)、H2O(g)和B2O3 (g),此时燃料的热释放比较完全.随温度升高,之前的燃烧产物被CO(g)、BO(g)等低热释放的物质代替,说明外界温度太高不利于燃料燃烧的热量释放;同样,提高环境压强,有助于增大系统的热量释放;当温度为2400K恒定的情况下,贫燃料时的主要产物为HBO2 (g)、B2O3(g)和BO2 (g),富燃料时的主要产物为B2O3(g)、B2O2(g)、BO(g)和HBO(g).     

加速度场离心试验用一体化大量程六维力传感器的研制

鉴于离心式加速度场模拟试验系统的需要,研制了一种大量程六维力传感器。在力传感器传统设计方法基础上,重点分析了传感器结构优化、材料选型、加工工艺、惯性耦合补偿等控制环节的影响。利用有限元方法对所设计的六维力传感器维间耦合、加速度场惯性效应耦合及输入输出关系进行仿真分析;借助相应的标定系统,实现六维力耦合效应的标定测试和耦合矩阵的获取,基于标定误差矩阵建立六维力传感器惯性效应补偿;静/动态实验结果表明所设计的大量程六维力传感器完全满足大加速场下力测试精度和稳定性要求。     

企业资源计划(ERP)实施过程中的数据标准化

概述企业资源计划(ERP)实施过程中数据标准化的重要性,探讨企业在进行数据标准化时需考虑的几项基础型和事务型数据的标准化工作。     

Effects of HZE particle on the nigrostriatal dopaminergic system in a future Mars mission

Because of long duration travel outside the Earth's magnetic field, the effect of iron-rich high charge and energy (HZE) particles in Galactic Cosmic Rays on human body is the major concern in radiation protection. Recently attention has been directed to effects on the central nervous system in addition to mutagenic effects. In particular, a reduction in striatal dopamine content on nigrostriatal dopaminergic system has been reported by investigators using accelerated iron ions in ground-based mammalian studies. In addition, studies of the pathophysiology of Parkinson's disease demonstrated that excess iron cause a reduction in the dopamine content in the substantia nigra. This suggests an intriguing possibility to explain the selective detrimental effects of HZE particles on the dopaminergic system. Should these particles have biochemical effects, possible options for countermeasures are: (1) nutritional prevention, (2) medication, and (3) surgical placement of a stimulator electrode at a specific anatomic site in the basal ganglia.     

射流推力矢量喷管中粒子运动轨迹的数值模拟

用颗粒轨道模型对基于激波控制的二维收缩-扩张(2-DCD)喷管中的气固两相流动进行了数值模拟,研究了1～60 μm不同直径颗粒的运动轨迹.研究表明,颗粒尺寸越小,粒子的随流性越好;颗粒尺寸越大,主流中的粒子与收缩段壁面碰撞越剧烈,无粒子区越大,二次流中的粒子对下壁面的碰撞越剧烈.     

不同聚集因素对燃烧室凝相颗粒粒度分布的影响

设计了一种凝相颗粒收集装置,可对燃烧室内不同聚集状态下的粒子进行完整的收集,并对颗粒的形态影响较小。针对HTPB推进剂,开展了不同流通面积和颗粒浓度条件下的粒子收集实验,利用扫描电镜和激光粒度分析仪,对收集到的粒子进行了分析。结果表明,不同聚集状态下的凝相颗粒粒径均分布在0.1～200μm之间,随着流通面积的减小,小于3μm的颗粒逐渐减少,3～10μm之间的颗粒变化不大,大于10μm的颗粒逐渐增加,颗粒平均粒径d43和d50均逐渐增大,且d43和d50的变化率也逐渐增加;随着颗粒浓度的增加,颗粒平均粒径d43和d50增大较明显。