基于试验分岔分析的翼身融合飞行器纵向稳定性

针对翼身融合布局飞行器的纵向稳定性问题，基于分支和突变理论，求解迎角随升降舵变化的平衡分岔图，并对平衡分支的稳定性和突变点进行了分析。结合风洞虚拟飞行试验技术，发展了试验分岔分析方法，并设计了基于非线性动态逆的伪线性控制器，由此获得并分析了开环试验和闭环试验平衡分岔图。对比分析表明，理论分岔分析与开环试验分岔分析在小迎角范围结果基本一致，验证了试验分岔分析方法的可行性和准确性；翼身融合飞行器产生纵向失稳的主要原因是机翼表面流动分离，从而导致C_mα发生突变引起的；闭环试验分岔分析实现了翼身融合飞行器非线性全局稳定性控制，通过纵向非线性控制器，可以将不稳定平衡分支改造成稳定的平衡分支。     

高超声速飞行器纵向飞行稳定域与迟滞分析

针对滑翔式高超声速飞行器纵向失稳问题,基于连续算法和分岔理论,求解并分析了特征点单参数分岔图、平衡分支的稳定性和突变点,得出在大迎角飞行时存在较为严重的失稳现象;最后分析了多吸引点和迟滞效应现象.研究结果表明,滑翔式高超声速飞行器在大迎角飞行时存在严重失稳、多吸引域和复杂迟滞运动.此结果在实现飞行器稳定飞行和控制器设计方面具有很好的参考价值.     

基于自适应模糊系统的空天飞行器非线性预测控制

 针对一类多输入多输出非线性不确定系统,提出了基于自适应模糊系统的非线性预测控制方法。控制器由基于模糊系统的非线性预测控制器和鲁棒自适应控制器两个部分组成。根据系统的跟踪误差在线调整模糊系统的权值,使得模糊系统一致逼近被控对象中的非线性函数,通过泰勒展开设计出基于模糊系统的非线性预测控制律,避免了预测控制在线优化带来的繁重的计算负担。鲁棒自适应控制器则用于减少不确定和模糊逼近误差对系统的影响。所设计的控制器保证了闭环系统的最终一致有界稳定。基于Lyapunov稳定原理,给出了理论证明和分析。最后利用提出的控制方案设计了空天飞行器高超声速飞行姿态的控制系统,仿真结果表明了控制方案的有效性。     

应用保护映射理论的高超声速飞行器自适应控制律设计

针对高超声速飞行器包线范围广、参数变化大的控制需求,应用保护映射理论提出一种高超声速飞行器的自适应控制律设计方法。首先建立整个飞行包线内的线性变参数(LPV)模型,在参数变化边界点设计一个初始的控制结构和参数,然后基于保护映射理论分析初始控制结构使闭环系统稳定的参数范围,通过迭代自动获取整个包线内满足性能指标的控制参数,进而通过多项式拟合设计出高超声速飞行器自适应控制律。所提出的方法能够根据初始控制结构自动寻找一系列满足性能要求的控制器参数,并确定这些控制参数满足闭环系统稳定的设计范围。仿真结果表明,所设计的自适应控制律能够确保高超声速飞行器大包线的设计要求,实现闭环系统的鲁棒稳定。     

高超声速飞行器的滑模观测器设计

对一个高超声速飞行器设计了滑动模态观测器来估计攻角和航迹倾角。通过实时的求解一个极点配置问题,使观测器的切换增益能够根据观测器状态的变化而改变,从而保证了观测误差的动态特性在整个飞行包线内的一致性,给出了单输出和多输出非线性系统的滑模观测器设计过程。设计和仿真算例验证了这种方法的有效性。     

高超声速飞行器非线性控制研究

针对高超声速飞行器非线性控制研究问题,介绍了在控制器设计中的特点及难点;阐述了在现有文献中关 于高超声速飞行器非线性控制相关研究工作,并分别从变结构控制方法、鲁棒自适应控制方法、结合智能控制方法 以及观测器在控制器设计中的应用等方面进行了分析;最后,结合高超声速飞行器自身特点,指出了高超声速飞行 器非线性控制领域的研究热点和发展趋势。     

飞行器气动/飞行/控制一体化耦合模拟技术

基于非结构重叠网格技术和全局亚迭方法,发展了一种气动、飞行和控制一体化耦合的非定常求解策略,用于飞行器闭环控制的数值虚拟飞行研究。高超声速飞行器按照设计控制律,采用升降舵偏转进行连续变攻角操纵和静不稳定布局稳定控制;数值虚拟飞行逼真显现了上述非定常流动、运动与控制的时序演化过程。数值虚拟飞行与基于气动数据库插值的飞行仿真比较,控制过程和反馈效果十分吻合。     

高超声速飞行器强鲁棒自适应控制器设计新方法

针对高超声速飞行器飞行过程系统参数大范围剧烈变化以及存在严重不确定性的特点,同时考虑外界环境干扰复杂,内部干扰严重的特殊问题,提出了一种新型强鲁棒自适应控制器构型。该新型强鲁棒自适应控制器将控制器分为标称控制器和补偿控制器。标称控制器可采用成熟的控制理论来设计,主要考虑闭环系统的性能;采用合适的手段估计系统参数大范围剧烈变化、系统的不确定性以及内、外部干扰等“系统扰动”作为补偿控制器的输入,通过设计强鲁棒补偿控制器对“系统扰动”进行补偿,使整个闭环控制系统对“系统扰动”具有强鲁棒性。将新型强鲁棒自适应控制器应用于高超声速飞行器的姿态控制系统的设计,大大提高了高超声速飞行器控制系统对内、外部干扰的抑制和对系统参数大范围剧烈变化以及严重不确定性的适应能力,可满足高超声速飞行器飞行控制的需求。     

基于跟踪微分器的高超声速飞行器Backstepping控制

针对存在模型参数不确定和外部干扰的高超声速飞行器（HFV）跟踪控制问题,提出一种基于Backstepping方法的抗饱和非线性控制器。将飞行器纵向动力学模型分为速度子系统和航迹倾角子系统,然后针对每个子系统单独设计控制器。设计跟踪微分器获得信号的一阶导数,用以估计系统中的不确定干扰项和避免"微分项膨胀"问题。控制器设计过程考虑了控制量发生饱和的情况。基于Lyapunov理论证明了闭环系统信号的稳定性。与传统高超声速飞行器Backstepping方法相比,所设计的控制器采用待跟踪状态与理想控制指令之间的实际误差作为反馈量,放宽了对系统干扰项的限制,提高了控制器对控制增益变化的适应性,进而提高了闭环系统的跟踪控制性能。对比仿真结果验证了所设计方法的有效性。     

小攻角高超声速钝锥边界层失稳特性

利用高阶紧致格式,采用直接数值模拟(DNS)和线性稳定性(LST)分析方法,对高超声速边界层的失稳机制和转捩特点进行了研究.通过对马赫数为6的2?攻角高超声速钝锥边界层的稳定性分析发现:小攻角高超声速钝锥边界层存在多枝不稳定模态;周向速度使钝锥的稳定性特征与不考虑周向速度时有本质的差别;转捩线在接近背风面处出现拐折现象是由失稳模态发生转换引起的.      

Bifurcation analysis and stability design for aircraft longitudinal motion with high angle of attack

Bifurcation analysis and stability design for aircraft longitudinal motion are investigated when the nonlinearity in flight dynamics takes place severely at high angle of attack regime. To predict the special nonlinear flight phenomena, bifurcation theory and continuation method are employed to systematically analyze the nonlinear motions. With the refinement of the flight dynamics for F-8 Crusader longitudinal motion, a framework is derived to identify the stationary bifurcation and dynamic bifurcation for high-dimensional system. Case study shows that the F-8longitudinal motion undergoes saddle node bifurcation, Hopf bifurcation, Zero-Hopf bifurcation and branch point bifurcation under certain conditions. Moreover, the Hopf bifurcation renders series of multiple frequency pitch oscillation phenomena, which deteriorate the flight control stability severely. To relieve the adverse effects of these phenomena, a stabilization control based on gain scheduling and polynomial fitting for F-8 longitudinal motion is presented to enlarge the flight envelope. Simulation results validate the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.     

Bifurcation analysis of polynomial models for longitudinal motion at high angle of attack

To investigate the longitudinal motion stability of aircraft maneuvers conveniently, a new stability analysis approach is presented in this paper. Based on describing longitudinal aerodynamics at high angle-of-attack (a < 50 ) motion by polynomials, a union structure of two-order differential equation is suggested. By means of nonlinear theory and method, analytical and global bifurcation analyses of the polynomial differential systems are provided for the study of the nonlinear phenomena of high angle-of-attack flight. Applying the theories of bifurcations, many kinds of bifurcations, such as equilibrium, Hopf, homoclinic (heteroclinic) orbit and double limit cycle bifurcations are discussed and the existence conditions for these bifurcations as well as formulas for calculating bifurcation curves are derived. The bifurcation curves divide the parameter plane into several regions; moreover, the complete bifurcation diagrams and phase portraits in different regions are obtained. Finally, our conclusions are applied to analyzing the stability and bifurcations of a practical example of a high angle-of-attack flight as well as the effects of elevator deflection on the asymptotic stability regions of equilibrium. The model and analytical methods presented in this paper can be used to study the nonlinear flight dynamic of longitudinal stall at high angle of attack.     

Decoupled ultimate boundedness control of systems and largeaircraft maneuver

The robust trajectory control of a class of nonlinear systems which can be decoupled by state-variable feedback is considered. It is assumed that the system matrices are unknown but bounded. A nonlinear control law is derived so that the tracking error in the closed-loop system is uniformly bounded and tends to a certain small neighborhood of the origin. The error dynamics are asymptotically decoupled in an approximate sense. The controller includes a reference trajectory generator and uses the integral feedback of the tracking error. On the basis of this result, a flight control system is designed for the control of roll angle, angle of attack, and sideslip in rapid, nonlinear maneuvers of aircraft. Simulation results are presented to show that large, simultaneous lateral and longitudinal maneuvers can be performed in spite of the uncertainty in the stability derivatives     

高超声速飞行器非线性纵向运动稳定性研究

针对研究高超声速飞行器飞行动力学稳定性时忽略方程非线性影响的问题,建立了保留非线性特征的六自由度动力学方程组和非线性活塞理论耦合模型。研究了初始迎角和活塞理论非线性项对高超声速飞行器纵向稳定性的影响,并在稳定巡航中施加瞬时扰动,分析其姿态响应。仿真结果表明:高超声速飞行器姿态收敛速度比常规低速飞行器慢很多;对迎角施加扰动后,飞行器姿态变化主要影响短周期模态,且偏离平衡位置越远,收敛越快;改变气动力非线性项时,其姿态变化主要影响长周期模态,且收敛较慢;两种扰动均对振荡周期无明显影响。     

Control of nearly singular decoupling systems and nonlinearaircraft maneuver

The author treats the question of control of a class of nonlinear systems using state variable feedback whose input/output map is nearly singular. Although the existing decoupling theory is applicable to such systems, this requires a large amount of control, which may not be permissible. A decoupling approach using state variable feedback in an approximate sense, but requiring a small control magnitude is considered. A decoupling scheme is presented that gives rise to a singularly perturbed system describing the fast dynamics of the control vector. The quasi-steady-state solution of the system gives a control law that decouples the system in an approximate way. The controller includes a servocompensator and a reference trajectory generator. Based on this result, a control law for approximate decoupling of roll angle, angle of attack, and sideslip in rapid, nonlinear airplane maneuvers is derived. Simulated responses of the closed-loop system show that large, simultaneous lateral and longitudinal maneuvers can be accurately performed in spite of uncertainty in stability derivatives     

飞机大迎角机动飞行控制律研究

 本文以分歧突变理论为基础,采用非线性数学模型,建立了求解分歧面的理论方法。文中通过对分歧面的分析研究,得到了避免飞机出现急滚发散的舵面极限值;通过分析分歧面上平衡解的个数和稳定性的变化情况,设计了使飞机进入或退出失速尾旋的操纵规律。经时间历程验证,所得结论正确可靠。     

Asymptotically decoupled discontinuous control of systems andnonlinear aircraft maneuver

The question of control of a class of nonlinear systems that can be decoupled by state-variable feedback is considered. Based on variable-structure system theory, a discontinuous control law is derived that accomplishes asymptotic decoupled output trajectory-following in the presence of uncertainty in the system. In the closed-loop system, the trajectories are attracted toward a chosen hypersurface in the state space and then slide along it. During the sliding phase the motion is insensitive to parameter variations. Based on this result, a control law for asymptotically decoupled control of roll angle, angle of attack, and sideslip in rapid, nonlinear maneuvers is derived. Simulation results are presented to show that large, simultaneous lateral and longitudinal maneuvers can be performed in spite of uncertainty in the stability derivatives     

基于相平面法的结冰飞机纵向非线性稳定域分析

结冰是威胁飞机飞行安全的重要因素之一,研究结冰后飞机稳定性及稳定域范围对飞机操纵安全和飞行安全极其重要。由于结冰后大飞机失速迎角提前,仅仅研究小迎角线性阶段的飞行稳定性显然不能满足要求。首先根据飞机迎角和升力曲线非线性关系建立了结冰条件下大迎角阶段飞机纵向非线性系统模型,然后通过相平面法刻画了迎角和俯仰角速度构成的不同飞行状态下飞机的纵向运动的稳定域,并探讨了迎角和俯仰角速度对纵向稳定性的影响规律,最后针对稳定域内外的不同初始状态,进行了零输入响应时域仿真,验证了相平面法确定的稳定域的有效性和准确性。研究结果可为飞机结冰后的稳定边界确定和边界保护提供一定的参考。     

翼型失速的非线性动力学特性及其控制

以NACA0012翼型为研究对象,应用CBS( Characteristic-Based Split)有限元方法对翼型绕流流场进行数值模拟,着重对翼型失速现象的动力学机理和特征进行研究.首先给出了静止翼型在不同迎角下流场的瞬时流线图以及静态翼型的迎角-升力系数关系曲线,并且分析出此曲线具有滞后、突跳等典型的非线性动力学...     

非线性解耦控制理论在飞控系统设计中的应用研究

根据非线性解耦控制理论设计了用升降舵、副翼和方向舵控制飞机迎角、侧滑角和滚转角速度的解耦控制律，并进行了闭环系统数字仿真研究。飞机动力学的数学模型计及了非线性气动力、运动和惯性耦合因素；操纵系统动力学模型中考虑了舵面的惯性，位置和偏转速率限幅，仿真结果表明，所设计的控制律可有效地指令飞机进行大幅值的单自由度或多自由度机动飞行，控制律中的参数变化对闭环系统动态响应影响较显著，容易导致Ｈｏｐｆ分支现象