基于Simulink 的燃气轮机动态仿真模型

采用面向对象的模块化建模方法,在Matlab/Simulink软件环境中,开发了燃气轮机动态无迭代仿真模型。研究结果表明,这种考虑容积惯性的仿真模型能较好地反映系统的动态特性,具有较高的精度和实时性,适用于对燃气轮机加速、减速以及其它大扰动等过渡工况的性能仿真。     

补燃循环液体火箭发动机系统的响应特性研究

以某大型泵压式补燃循环液体火箭发动机的输送系统为研究对象,构造了该系统的物理数学模型,并对其进行了大范围参数扰动以及工况调整过程的非线性动态特性仿真,计算方法采用自适应变步长的四阶龙格—库塔法。结果表明,所建数学模型较精确合理,计算方法满足模拟要求;计算结果对类似发动机的研制与改进提供了一定的指导意义     

分析燃气轮机动态特性的“主导因素法”

本文利用伪随机二进制信号现场辨识的结果,与理论分析相结合,提出了分析燃气轮机动态特性的一种新设想——“主导因素法”。其基本思想是:在各个不同工况下,燃气轮机中的某个参数可以作为决定其动态响应的主导因素。这个方法对建立燃气轮机的简化数学模型有很大用处。先由设计工况点出发,取得该点的动态特性,然后根据“主导因素”的变化便可大致决定其他运行点(包括稳态工况和非稳态工况)的动态特性。实验结果和用“主导因素法”的计算结果基本吻合。      

全流量补燃循环发动机系统的响应特性

以全流量补燃循环氢氧发动机系统为研究对象,对其的动态响应特性进行了研究。建立了描述全流量补燃循环发动机动态特性的非线性数学模型,将免疫策略算法同龙格-库塔法结合起来,提出了求解含有隐式项的常微分方程组的变步长龙格-库塔方法,并应用该方法对全流量补燃循环发动机系统的动态响应特性进行了仿真计算。计算结果表明,当发动机在某一个稳定工况工作时,发动机入口推进剂压强的变化对发动机性能参数的影响不大,发动机的参数都能比较平稳的过渡到一个新的稳定工况;当发动机在短时间内进行小范围的推力调节时,发动机参数的过渡过程的曲线也比较平稳,但是当在短时间内进行大范围推力调节时,参数的过渡过程的曲线振动比较剧烈,因此应当在进行大范围推力调节时,应当对调节时间进行适当延长,或者分级进行推力调节。      

燃气轮机排气系统整机环境部件特性修正方法

为了探究外界环境条件对燃气轮机排气的影响,以船舶燃气轮机排气系统和船舶整机系统为研究对象,采用合适的物理模型对船用燃气轮机排气部件进行阻力特性、流场分布的仿真分析,进一步提出燃气轮机排气系统的修正方法。对国内外相关的研究现状进行了调研,引出研究内容和研究意义,建立船舶燃气轮机排气系统和整机系统的模型,对模型进行了网格划分,利用数值仿真技术开展不同工况点和风速风向下燃气轮机排气系统的流场特性仿真计算分析。结果表明：得到不同风速风向下排气系统的阻力特性,即总压以及总压损失,温度特性以及引射特性。以整机仿真和部件仿真所得到的数据为基准,建立了燃气轮机排气系统在整机环境从无风到有风的变化条件下的工作特性修正模型。     

燃气轮机喘振裕度动态测试

提出了在试验台架和工作现场对燃气轮机喘振裕度进行动态测试和检查方法，其测量和计算方法新颖、简单适用。应用计算机图形技术，将燃气轮机压气机特性图显示在控制屏幕上，燃气轮机在不同工况下运转时，测试系统将其工作状态点的相关参数动态实时地显示在控制屏幕上，操作人员根据燃气轮机的实际工作状态，便于机动性检查，防止意外故障发生，提高了燃气轮机在现场使用的可靠性。     

小功率单轴燃气轮机及其功热并供装置变工况典型解析特性

采用动力机械变工况特性解析分析方法［１,２］,分析总结了使用离心式压气机的小功率单轴恒速燃气轮机稳态变工况的典型特性及一些定量规律。所得燃气轮机装置典型效率曲线及统计公式得到了实际数据的验证。计算了该种燃气轮机功热并供装置用饱和蒸汽供热时的典型情况及其他一些变工况性能,如大气温度的影响等     

基于混合遗传算法的液氧/煤油补燃循环火箭发动机非线性稳态特性仿真

在建立数学模型的基础上,通过采用遗传算法与一般确定性算法相结合的混合遗传算法开发了有效的适于大范围参数扰动和工况调整的非线性稳态特性仿真程序,并利用该程序对液氧／煤油补燃循环液体火箭发动机系统的大范围参数扰动和工况调整的稳态特性进行了仿真计算。计算结果表明,混合遗传算法是解决该类问题的有效方法,对类似发动机的研制与改进具有一定的指导意义。     

舰用燃气轮机油封装置设计及仿真验证

为了满足不同型号舰用燃气轮机燃油系统及滑油系统的油封需求,设计了一种通用型舰用燃气轮机油封装置。通过更 换不同接口型式的供油软管即可实现对不同型号燃气轮机运转或非运转状态下的内部油封。采用理论计算和数值仿真2种方 法,分别评估了电加热器将160 L滑油从常温加热至脱水温度的时间,其中,数值仿真的边界条件设置与实际工况更接近,可以代 表实际的加热时间。结果表明：采用理论计算和数值仿真方法得到的加热时间为分别为 1800、1918 s,二者仅相差 118 s（约 6.56%）,较为吻合,验证了采用理论计算进行电加热器设计选型的有效性;设计的油封装置自动化程度高,可实现循环过滤、加热 脱水、冷却保温及油封的一键操作,缩短油封准备时间,极大提高油封效率,同时保证了燃气轮机油封效果,显著延长贮存时间。     

考虑环境温度变化时燃气轮机控制策略优化选择

针对某型简单循环三轴燃气轮机,基于面向对象的建模理念,运用模块化建模方法,建立了三轴燃气轮机的热力学模型,开展了环境温度变化时的稳态性能仿真。在1.00和0.35两种工况下,分析了四种不同控制策略下,环境温度对燃气轮机重要监控参数及装置的比功率、热效率等的影响,并将计算结果与燃气轮机台架试车实际数据进行了对比分析。结果表明:不同控制策略及不同工况下,环境温度对三轴燃气轮机的影响程度不同,需要综合考虑相关因素,以选择相应的控制策略。     

含裂纹板受集中力作用的精确解

 对具有中心裂纹或半无限长裂纹的无限大板在集中力作用下得到了精确的复变应力函数。对具有半无限长裂纹的无限大板采用的分析方法是柯西积分。将具有中心裂纹的无限大板的问题化成希尔贝特问题进行求解。     

Efficient scheduling algorithm for demand-assigned TDMA satellitesystems

An efficient scheduling algorithm (stations burst plan) for demand-assigned time-division multiple-access (TDMA) satellite network systems is introduced. The total demand for transmitting data through a transponder may exceed the available bit-rate capacity, and a scheduler of the system wishes to utilize the system with minimum changes of slot allocations while maximizing throughputs. By implementing such a burst-plan algorithm, transmission of all demanded data traffic can be completed with minimum unused resources (idle slots). The underlying ideas adopted for the algorithm are that jobs with shorter remaining processing times should have higher priorities and that as many jobs are processed at a time as possible. The algorithm is particularly useful for deriving smooth burst plans for a satellite system with a large number of ground stations     

Space Applications of a Minimization Algorithm

A detailed account is given of the application of a minimizationprogram to several design problems. Specifically these applications areconcerned with the design of a curve function generator for a massspectrometer for a proposed Mars probe and the design of autonomousshift registers with linear and nonlinear feedback, used for classificationion of binary sequences and counting tasks for spacecraft scientificdata processing.     

Two Methods of Ambiguity Resolution in Pulse Doppler Weather Radars

A comparison is made of the performance of a weather Doppler radar with a staggered pulse repetition time and a radar with a random (but known) phase. As a standard for this comparison, the specifications of the forthcoming next generation weather radar (NEXRAD) are used. A statistical analysis of the spectral moment estimates for the staggered scheme is developed, and a theoretical expression for the signal-to-noise ratio due to recohering-filtering-recohering for the random phase radar is obtained. Algorithms for assignment of correct ranges to pertinent spectral moments for both techniques are presented.     

Nonsteady behaviour of solar dynamic power systems with Stirling cycle for space stations

In the first part of this paper, a solar dynamic power system with a Stirling engine for space station application is described. Its unsteady behaviour is theoretically modelled and numerically simulated for four representative orbit configurations. The results are compared to that of a solar dynamic power module with a Brayton gas turbine.In the second part, it is shown that the complex nonsteady behaviour of solar dynamic power modules with either the Brayton cycle or Stirling cycle can be analysed in a simplified way with sufficient accuracy for practical purposes on the basis of parametrizations and simple energy balances.     

Pseudorandom Frequency Modulation in Range-Doppler Radar

In many radar systems, efficient use of transmitter power requires the transmission of a constant-amplitude signal for a substantial fraction of time; for a monotonic transmission, however, the range resolution is restricted by the length of the transmitted pulse. Linear frequency modulation removes this constraint for targets with negligible, or known, radial velocities; it is not suitable, however, for simultaneous observations of range and radial velocity (Doppler shift). This paper describes a class of waveforms suitable for simultaneous measurement of range and Doppler shift. These waveforms are characterized by a uniform distribution in frequency and by pseudorandom frequency changes. Uniform frequency distribution is attained by a uniform spacing of frequencies with each frequency present for an identical length of time. Frequency changes are effected by sequencing the frequencies with a pseudorandom number generator. Ambiguity functions are computed for pseudorandom frequencymodulated waveforms designed for ionospheric backscatter studies. By suitable choice of parameters, the ambiguity function becomes a narrow central peak surrounded by a plateau whose height varies randomly between zero and approximately twice its average. Waveform generation by means of a digital frequency synthesizer and data reconstruction considerations are described.     

Modeling the Superconducting Alternator with Thyristor Bridge

Steady state equations are derived for the superconducting alternator with a thyristor bridge (dc) output. This is accomplished by modification of a previous analysis for a machine with a diode bridge. The approach used avoids the need to numerically solve the differential equations for the system, and it is quite efficient in terms of computation time. Numerical simulations for both the diode and thyristor bridge circuits are included for comparison.     

Pattern recognition of star constellations for spacecraftapplications

A software system for a star imager for on-line satellite attitude determination is described. The system works with a single standard commercial CCD-camera with a high aperture lens and an onboard star catalogue. It is capable of both an initial course attitude determination without any prior knowledge of the satellite orientation and a high-accuracy attitude determination based on prediction and averaging of several identified star constellations. In the high accuracy mode the star imager aims at an accuracy better than 2 arc sec with a processing time of less than a few seconds. The star imager is developed for the Danish microsatellite Oersted     

直流电弧加热器多电极运行技术试验研究

多电极运行是提高直流电弧加热器大电流运行可靠性的有效途径。通过对双阴极/单阳极和双阴极/双阳极电弧加热器多电极运行调试,探寻了镇定电阻匹配方式、气体流量和电流等参数对多电极中各电极电弧电流分配特性的影响。结果表明,镇定电阻匹配方式是影响多电极稳定运行的关键因素,气体流量和电流等运行参数对电弧电流分配影响较小;对于双阴极/单阳极电弧加热器,只有在内外阴极同时连接镇定电阻,并且满足一定电阻差时,才能将电弧电流稳定分配到各个子电极上;对于双阴极/双阳极电弧加热器运行时,不论内外阳极是否连接镇定电阻,只要内外阴极连接镇定电阻,电弧电流均可稳定分配到各个子电极,并且电流分配比例可根据镇定电阻的匹配方式进行调节;多电极运行时,宜选用电流分配均匀,电能损耗小的电阻匹配方式。     

Experimental phased array radar ELRA with extended flexibility

An update of a phased array radar project with the experimental system ELRA (electronic steerable radar) is given with respect to the extended and improved possibilities for performing measurements and evaluations for different types of radar operation. The variability of waveforms for solid-state transmitters is described. Flexible control of multifunction operation with various search and localization tasks is achieved with a network of microcomputers. Different means of signal processing are used for target detection and estimation. The active receiving array is divided into subarrays, and offers digital beamforming for pattern shaping and adaptive jammer suppression. Experimental results are presented