不锈钢真空钎焊扩压器的缺陷检查与控制技术

采用钎料BNi94SiB980-1065,选择合适的焊接参数,对1Cr12Ni3Mo2V扩压器进行真空钎焊。借助金相显微镜,超声波检测仪,分析了接头的显微组织及接头的钎透率;利用拉伸试验机对接头进行强度测试。结果表明,在焊接规范为1180℃/30min的条件下,获得良好的钎焊接头。通过焊前清理、钎焊工艺、钎焊工装,对不锈钢扩压器钎焊接头进行钎焊工艺及质量控制,有效避免钎焊接头缺陷的产生。     

薄壁电池壳体焊缝部位配合间隙对电子束焊接的影响

空间锂离子电池现基本采用薄壁电池壳体,材质为LF21铝合金,用电子束焊接进行壳体封装。电子束焊接焊出的铝合金焊缝强度好,I级焊缝合格率高,故空间产品大多采用电子束焊接。但由于电子束焊接属于精密高能束焊接方法,对被焊工件焊缝的配合间隙有着严格的要求,所以通过一些列试验来研究薄壁电池壳体焊缝部位配合间隙对电子束焊接的影响,得到了相应的结论,以此来指导实际生产中零部件加工尺寸的设计和检验,提高产品可靠性。     

双层多支板流道组合件变形控制

双层多支板流道组合件是薄壁焊接机匣,与涡轮后机匣和外支撑环组合件连接,是低压涡轮部件上的重要连接、承力件.该件焊缝密集,结构刚性差,安装边连接孔和篦齿环槽口位置度、尺寸精度高,加工难度大.采用多种工艺措施控制焊接变形,增加辅助支撑减小加工变形,综合运用筒体胀形、焊接、激光切孔、机械加工等加工工艺,实现了薄壁双层多支板流道组合件制造.     

扩压器扭曲型面电解加工阴极进给方向优化及试验

电解加工(ECM)是一种非接触式加工工艺,阴极进给方向对最终的加工精度有重要影响。斜向叶片式扩压器轮毂面较为扭曲,针对其叶片型面电解加工,提出了一种基于遗传算法的阴极进给方向综合优化方法。该方法将夹角的最大值和阴极侧面与轮毂面之间的间隙方差同时作为遗传算法的评价指标,在保证夹角最大值相对较小的情况下,使得阴极侧面与轮毂面之间的间隙分布更加均匀,从而避免轮毂面发生余量不均或过切现象。为了验证该优化方法的有效性,基于优化结果进行了夹具设计并开展扩压器电解加工试验,结果表明,叶片型面加工误差小于0.12 mm,轮毂无过切现象,实现了该扩压器的电解精加工。     

多钎缝喷注器真空钎焊工艺

针对不同部位多条钎焊缝一次钎焊成型,开展采用BNi-2钎料进行喷注器真空钎焊工艺方法的实验研究。分析了表面洁净度、钎焊温度及钎缝间隙对喷注器密封性的影响。结果表明:钎缝间隙对由高温合金与不锈钢两种材料组成喷注体钎焊接头的密封性有显著影响。合理的钎缝装配间隙为10～15μm,此间隙使钎缝中的钎着率90%,并得到了内外部质量、密封性优良的接头。     

压气机轴向扩压器叶片断裂分析

为了确定航空发动机压气机轴向扩压器叶片断裂故障的断裂性质和产生原因，通过外观检查、断口分析、组织检查、硬 度测试等手段进行初步检验，并从材料、设计、加工以及环境方面进行详细的故障分析。结果表明：轴向扩压器叶片断裂故障为高 周疲劳断裂。在航空发动机工作状态下轴向扩压器发生共振，且在工作温度下轴向扩压器叶尖与后盖为过盈配合，此时叶尖与后盖 发生刮摩，叶尖出现毛刺及划痕，在轴向扩压器叶片从靠近叶尖的共振节线处共振应力最大点的叶盆侧开始产生裂纹，最终发生高 周疲劳断裂。建议增大轴向扩压器叶片厚度与前、后缘圆角和轴向扩压器叶片与后盖之间的配合间隙，以避免类似故障发生。     

离心式压气机模型级内非定常流动的数值试验

应用同位网格下的压力校正算法和滑移网格技术 ,在贴体曲线坐标系下 ,对离心式压气机模型级内部由于叶轮与叶片扩压器相互作用引起的三维非定常湍流流场进行了数值模拟。计算结果表明 ,在设计工况下 ,由于叶轮与叶片扩压器的相互作用引起的非定常干涉流动 ,对整级内部流动有非定常影响。速度场的非定常特性主要表现在叶轮与叶片扩压器间的径向间隙范围内和扩压器的入口处 ,在叶轮和扩压器叶道内部衰减很快。而压力脉动同时向流道的上下游传播 ,在叶轮和扩压器内部流动仍具有显著的压力非定常脉动。计算结果还模拟了扩压器入口处运动涡系与扩压器叶片的相互作用及其周期性衍灭过程     

组合式动量轮轮体组件真空钎焊

针对组合式动量轮轮体组件钎焊接头表面的加工状态 ,采用BNi- 2钎料进行了机械加工表面大间隙钎焊的工艺研究 ,并研制了轮辐、轮毂、连接块高精度定位的钎焊夹具 ,实现了轮体组件高性能钎焊     

中低碳钢的大间隙加填料真空钎焊

介绍了焊缝间隙为２ｍｍ的碳钢采用真空钎焊时，为了使焊缝与基体等强度所采用的填料，钎料及钎焊工艺。     

WP7系列发动机涡轮导向器叶片盖板的钎焊修复

采用真空钎焊的方法对WP7系列发动机涡轮导向器叶片盖板进行了修复,介绍了修复过程及工艺。修复后的叶片经目视及荧光检验未发现表面裂纹,该修复工艺已成功用于WP7系列发动机涡轮导向器叶片盖板的批量修复,年修复量约1000件。     

有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计难点问题

有翼高超声速再入飞行器是近年来的研究热点,气动设计是飞行器设计的关键。为了更清楚地认识有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计的难点问题,对有翼高超声速再入飞行器的发展、优势及总体任务剖面进行了介绍,从5个方面详细介绍了该类飞行器气动设计的难点问题,包括多约束复杂面对称气动布局设计、高温真实气体效应对气动特性影响、天地差异与天地换算方法、反作用控制系统(RCS)喷流干扰对气动特性的影响以及气动数据不确定度等,简要阐明了这些难点问题对总体设计的重要性以及初步的解决思路,为有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计提供了一些参考。     

Simulation and Analysis of Crashworthiness of Fuel Tank for Helicopters

Crashworthiness requirement of fuel tanks is one of the important requirements in helicopter designs. The relations among the protection frame, textile layer and rubber layer of the fuel tank are introduced. Two appropriate FE models are established, one is for an uncovered helicopter fuel tank without protection frame, and the other is for fuel tank with protection frame. The dynamic responses of the two types of fuel tanks impinging on the ground with velocities of 17.3 m/s are numerically simulated for the purpose of analyzing energy-absorbing capabilities of the textile layer and protection frame. The feasibility of the current crashworthiness design of the fuel tank is examined though comparing the dynamic response behaviors of the two fuel tanks.     

The effect of inlet conditions on the flow and heat transfer in multiple rotating cavity with axial throughflow

This paper discusses experimental results from two different build configurations of a heated multiple rotating cavity test rig.Measurements of heat transfer from the discs and tangential velocities are presented.The test rig is a 70% full scale version of a high pressure compressor stack of an axial gas turbine engine.Of particular interest are the internal cylindrical cavities formed by adjacent discs and the interaction of these with a central axial throughflow of cooling air.Tests were carried out for a range of non-dimensional parameters representative of high pressure compressor internal air system flows(Re up to 5×106 and Rez up to 2×105).Two different builds have been tested.The most significant difference between these two build configurations is the size of the annular gap between the(non-rotating) drive shaft and the bores of the discs.The heat transfer data were obtained from thermocouple measurements of surface temperature and a conduction solution method.The velocity measurements were made using a two component,LDA system.The heat transfer results from the discs show differences between the two builds.This is attributed to the wider annular gap allowing more of the throughflow to penetrate into the cavity.There are also significant differences between the radial distributions of tangential velocity in the two builds of the test rig.For the narrow annular gap,there is an increase of non-dimensional tangential velocity V/Ωr with radial location to solid body rotation V/Ωr=1.For the wider annular gap,the non-dimensional velocities show a decrease with radial location to solid body rotation.      

突破技术趋同，波音再现竞争优势

 波音公司面临着来自空客公司的巨大挑战,企业战略性创新才是公司成功的关键。为此波音公司的全部战略性研究集中在扩大产品的差异性上,体现在3个方面：电子化（e-Enabled）运营环境、整体复合材料机身部件的制造技术和支持波音787客机的全球协同环境（GCE）。     

临近空间飞行器测控与信息传输系统频段选择

 临近空间飞行器是高性能信息化武器平台,测控（TT&;C）与信息传输系统是其信息保障的核心,而选择合理、可行的频段是展开系统设计的前提和基础。频段选择影响到整个技术方案的制定,是一个需综合考虑、影响深远并具有战略意义的关键问题,从国际电联（ITU）国际标准、高速数传、接收信噪比（SNR）、“三抗”、超视距中继、黑障、雨衰以及设备研制成熟度8个方面全面、细致论证了近空间平台测控系统的频段选择问题,最终得出在视距链路中以Ka频段为宜,在超视距链路中以Ku/Ka双频段为宜的结论。     

基于弯曲激波压缩系统的高超声速进气道反设计研究进展

总结了近十年来弯曲激波压缩研究的主要成果。提出了弯曲激波压缩系统的新概念,即利用特殊设计的楔形弯曲压缩面或空间弯曲压缩面,产生一系列与前缘弱激波相互交汇或叠加的压缩波系,从而使前缘激波弯曲,形成特殊的弯曲激波,它与波后的等熵压缩波来共同完成对气流的压缩。在此基础上,实现了由给定出口气动参数的超声速内流道反设计,实现了由给定压缩面压力分布和给定压缩面马赫数分布要求的型面反设计,实现了由给定激波波面的压缩型面反设计。研究证明,弯曲压缩面-弯曲激波压缩系统具有良好的综合气动性能,为高性能高超声速进气系统的气动设计提供了一种全新的设计方法。     

Experimental Study on Effects of Fuel Injection on Scramjet Combustor Performance

In order to investigate the effects of fuel injection distribution on the scramjet combustor performance, there are conducted three sets of test on a hydrocarbon fueled direct-connect scramjet test facility. The results of Test A, whose fuel injection is carried out with injectors located on the top-wall and the bottom-wall, show that the fuel injection with an appropriate close-front and centralized distribution would be of much help to optimize combustor performances. The results of Test B, whose fuel injection is performed at the optimal injection locations found in Test A, with a given equivalence ratio and different injection proportions for each injector, show that this injection mode is of little benefit to improve combustor performances. The results of Test C with a circumferential fuel injection distribution displaies the possibility of ameliorating combustor performance. By analyzing the effects of injection location parameters on combustor performances on the base of the data of Test C, it is clear that the injector location has strong coupled influences on combus- tor performances. In addition, an inner-force synthesis specific impulse is used to reduce the errors caused by the disturbance of fuel supply and working state of air heater while assessing combustor performances.     

(高)超声速流动试验技术及研究进展

近年来,与高速飞行器相关的(高)超声速流动受到了极大的关注。这类流动所具有的非定常性、强梯度和可压缩性对试验方法和风洞设计技术提出了挑战。超声速纳米示踪平面激光散射(NPLS)技术是由作者所在团队研发的非接触光学测试技术。它能够以较高的空间分辨率来揭示超声速三维流场的一个瞬态剖面的时间解析的流动结构。介绍了NPLS技术以及基于NPLS开发的密度场测量、雷诺应力测量和气动光学波前测量等方法,并回顾了这些技术在超声速边界层、超声速混合层、超声速压缩拐角、激波/边界层相互作用和光学头罩绕流等流动中的应用,清晰地再现了边界层、混合层、激波等典型流场结构及其时空演化特性。另外,为了模拟和研究高空大气条件下边界层自然转捩和超声速混合层的转捩特性,介绍了高超声速静风洞、超-超混合层风洞的设计技术以及层流化喷管的设计方法。     

Research on Auto-detection for Remainder Particles of Aerospace Relay Based on Wavelet Analysis

Aerospace relay is one kind of electronic components which is used widely in national defense system and aerospace system. The existence of remainder particles induces the reliability declining, which has become a severe problem in the development of aerospace relay. Traditional particle impact noise detection (PIND) method for remainder detection is ineffective for small particles, due to its low precision and involvement of subjective factors. An auto-detection method for PIND output signals is proposed in this paper, which is based on direct wavelet de-noising (DWD), cross-correlation analysis (CCA) and homo-filtering (HF), the method enhances the affectiv-ity of PIND test about the small particles. In the end, some practical PIND output signals are analysed, and the validity of this new method is proved.