Regional 4-D modeling of the ionospheric electron density from satellite data and IRI |
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Authors: | C Zeilhofer M Schmidt D Bilitza CK Shum |
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Institution: | 1. Deutsches Geodätisches Forschungsinstitut (DGFI), Alfons-Goppel-Strasse 11, 80539 München, Germany;2. Heliospheric Physics Laboratory/GMU, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA;3. Geodetic Science, School of Earth Sciences, The Ohio State University, 275 Mendenhall, 125 S Oval Mall, Columbus, OH 43210, USA |
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Abstract: | Accurate knowledge of the electron density is the key point in correcting ionospheric delays of electromagnetic measurements and in studying ionosphere physics. During the last decade Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) have become a promising tool for monitoring ionospheric parameters such as the total electron content (TEC). In this contribution we present a four-dimensional (4-D) model of the electron density consisting of a given reference part, i.e., the International Reference Ionosphere (IRI), and an unknown correction term expanded in terms of multi-dimensional base functions. The corresponding series coefficients are calculable from the satellite measurements by applying parameter estimation procedures. Since satellite data are usually sampled between GPS satellites and ground stations, finer structures of the electron density are modelable just in regions with a sufficient number of ground stations. The proposed method is applied to simulated geometry-free GPS phase measurements. The procedure can be used, for example, to study the equatorial anomaly. |
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Keywords: | Electron density B-spline modeling GNSS Geometry-free observations |
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