空间站乘员睡眠区二氧化碳聚集现象

为了分析乘员在没有良好通风的压力舱内停留时,呼出CO₂的聚集过程并评估其可能导致的医学危害,建立了乘员在特定空间站睡眠舱的计算流体动力学模型,对乘员在睡眠区的呼吸过程进行了非稳态模拟.模拟中乘员的CO₂呼出浓度和肺通气量根据生理实验随CO₂吸入浓度变化.通过模拟给出了睡眠区典型位置处CO₂分压随时间的变化规律.最后提出了无通风条件下乘员在睡眠区停留的最大容许时间,睡眠区CO₂浓度监测仪的布置原则和类似情况下为保障乘员生命安全可采取的一些措施.

Carbon dioxide accumulation of space station crew quarters

In order to analyze the accumulation process of CO2 expired by crew in pressure cabin without proper ventilation and to evaluate the possible medical hazards,a computational fluid dynamics(CFD)model of crew staying in a given space station quarter was built to simulate the unsteady process of respiration.The concentration of CO2 in exhaled air and the pulmonary ventilation varied with the concentration of CO2 in the inhaled air based on physiological experiments.The results for partial pressure of CO2 at typical locations and different intervals were presented based on simulation.Finally,a maximum allowable time that crew can stay in quarters without ventilation,some placement principles of CO2 monitors and some precautions ensured crew's life safety in similar conditions were proposed.