蒙皮热辐射特性对平流层浮空器氦气温度影响

分析了平流层球形超压浮空器在运行高度所受的各种环境辐射,研究浮空器处于热平衡状态时辐射传热、对流换热的作用规律,建立了浮空器的热平衡模型,分析太阳辐射、地面反照、地面辐射等环境辐照因素对浮空器全天各个时刻蒙皮材料和内部氦气平均温度影响,对比了吸收率、发射率和吸收发射比等辐射参数对浮空器热性能的影响.分析结果表明:具有低吸收发射比的蒙皮材料具有较好的热控效果;对于吸收发射比相同的蒙皮材料,具备低吸收率特性的蒙皮材料热控效果更为明显,更适用于长航时平流层超压浮空器.分析结果对浮空器蒙皮材料选择和总体设计具有指导意义.

Effect of envelop thermal radiative properties on the stratospheric super-pressure LTA vehicle helium temperature

Environmental radiations acting on a stratospheric super-pressure sphere lighter-than-air (LTA) vehicle were analyzed, including radiation heat and convection heat. LTA vehicle thermal model was established. Based on the thermal model, the thermal effects on the vehicle were analyzed which include sun radiation, earth albedo and radiation. The effect of thermal pertormance caused by different thermal radiative properties of envelope materials, such as absorptivity, emissivity and the ratio of absorptivity to emissivity was detailedly studied. The result shows that the material which has low ratio of absorptivity to emissivity is the better choice for the vehicle. If two materials have the same ratio, the material which has low absorptivity has better thermal control effect. The conclusion is significantly useful for stratospheric LTA vehicle design and material selection.