两种典型低空风切变对火箭弹弹道特性的影响

针对低空风切变风场特点，基于流体力学基本原理，建立微下击暴流和低空急流2种典型低空风切变的工程化模型，以外弹道理论为基础，将风场模型与火箭弹6自由度刚体弹道模型相结合。以某型尾翼火箭弹为例，研究分析了火箭弹在主动段分别受到2种低空风切变影响下的弹道特性变化。仿真结果表明，微下击暴流和低空急流对火箭弹的飞行时间、射程、侧偏、落速及攻角特性均有影响；相比于微下击暴流，低空急流对弹箭弹道特性的影响更为显著；提高风切变风场的强度和尺度，均会增大对火箭弹弹道特性的影响程度，且风场强度是决定风切变对火箭弹弹道特性影响的主要因素。

Influence of two typical kinds of low-level wind shear on ballistic performance of rockets

According to the wind field features of low-level wind shear,the engineering models of micro-burst and low-level jet are established based on the principle of fluid mechanics.The wind field models are combined with the six-degree-of-freedom ballistics model of rockets based on exterior ballistics theory.As an example,a kind of empennage-rocket was studied on its ballistic performance of prior trajectory influenced by these two kinds of wind shear.The simulation results show that both of these two kinds of wind shear have im-pact on the flight time,range,side-slip,falling velocity and attack angle of the rocket.Compared to the mi-croburst,the low-level jet has a higher effect on the ballistic performance of rocket.Improving the strength and scale of these two kinds of wind shear makes a greater impact on the ballistic performance of rocket, and meanwhile,the strength of wind field is the determining factor for wind shear to affect the ballistic performance of rocket.