液体火箭发动机故障诊断器设计及其HIL验证

为了实现某型液体火箭发动机机载实时故障诊断，采用FPGA与DSP相结合的方式作为硬件架构设计了故障诊断器，其中FPGA控制高精度A/D转换器进行传感器数据采集，DSP运行故障诊断算法并将结果输出，对故障诊断器的硬件和软件分别进行了设计。提出了一种递归结构识别（RESID）算法用于液体火箭发动机故障诊断，该算法可在6 ms内诊断出流量衰减故障。搭建基于故障诊断器和工控机的硬件在环（HIL）试验平台，采用自动代码生成技术与手写代码结合的方式对RESID算法进行了试验验证，通过上位机界面进行观察。结果表明:RESID算法能准确地诊断出发动机常见的故障并在故障诊断器上实现，算法运行时间为3.9 ms，故障诊断器可以实现实时数据监测和故障诊断，相对于传统平台更加小型化和经济化，既可以作为机载装置使用，也可作为通用平台来开发新算法。 

Design of liquid rocket engine fault diagnosis device and its HIL verification

In order to realize the real-time fault diagnosis of a liquid rocket engine onboard, a fault diagnosis device is designed by combining FPGA and DSP as the hardware architecture. The FPGA controls the high-precision A/D for sensor data acquisition, the DSP runs the fault diagnosis algorithm and outputs the result. The hardware and software of the fault diagnosis device were designed separately. A recursive structure identification (RESID) algorithm is proposed for liquid rocket engine fault diagnosis. The algorithm can diagnose traffic attenuation faults in 6 ms. Based on the hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) test platform of fault diagnosis and industrial computer, the algorithm was tested and verified by the combination of automatic code generation technology and handwritten code, and observed through the upper computer interface. The results show that the RESID algorithm can accurately diagnose the common faults of the engine and realize it on the fault diagnosis device. The running time of the algorithm is 3.9 ms. The fault diagnosis device can realize real-time data monitoring and fault diagnosis, which is more compact and economical than the traditional platform. It can be used both as an onboard device and as a general platform to develop new algorithms.