基于仿真模型的短距起飞性能优化

短距起飞较垂直起飞可有效提升各类特种飞行器的有效载荷与起降安全性，因此具有重要意义.基于纵向飞行力学模型，针对某小型无人倾转旋翼飞机建立其短距起飞仿真模型，以起飞距离为目标函数，对操纵变量采用遗传算法进行优化.优化结果表明，存在一定的升降舵操纵策略使得起飞距离最小化；起飞采用固定的短舱倾转角与起飞质量存在一定的最佳匹配关系；起飞过程中对动力短舱倾转角进行合理操纵则能进一步缩短起飞距离.考虑到仿真模型与优化问题在数学上的普适性，该方法适用于包括传统固定翼飞机和直升机的其他类飞行器的短距起飞性能优化.

Short takeoff performance optimization based on simulation model

Short takeoff performance is important for all kinds of special aircrafts because they can accommodate more pay load and get higher safety during short takeoff and landing than vertical takeoff and landing. Short takeoff simulation model was established for a small unmanned tilt rotor aircraft based on its longitudinal flight dynamics model. The genetic algorithm was applied to shorten the takeoff distance as objective function by optimizing the control variables. The results of optimization show that the takeoff distance can be minimized by suitable elevator control method and there is an optimal tilting angle of engine nacelles for any given gross weight to further shorten takeoff distance. In addition, continuously tilting engine nacelles according to optimized control method also benefits the short takeoff performance. Considering the essential mathematical characteristics of simulation model and optimization algorithm, this method can be generally applied to short takeoff performance optimization for any other aircrafts including conventional fixed-wing airplanes and helicopters.