分时段实时观测脉冲星的单探测器导航方法

传统的X射线脉冲星导航系统需要同时观测3~4颗脉冲星，有效载荷的质量和功耗极大。针对航天器环地飞行中受地球遮挡、探测器可探测范围等因素影响，导致脉冲星并非所有时刻均可见的现象，提出了单探测器分时段实时观测脉冲星的导航方法。根据航天器的实际飞行情况，系统分析探测器在不同探测范围下对脉冲星实时的可见性状况，从每时段的可见星中选取单星进行导航。仿真表明，该方法可大大提高单探测器的导航性能，导航位置误差达到337m，同时有效地减小了导航系统的重量，为X射线脉冲星导航的工程实现提供了参考依据。

Navigation method using a single detector based on the observation of X-ray pulsar in different time interval

Traditional X-ray pulsar navigation system needs to track more than 3 pulsars at the same time, which will increase the effective load quality of the navigation system. Aiming at the phenomenon that the pulsars cannot be seen all the time by vehicles because of the earth shadow and the detector's visual angle, a navigation method using a single detector based on the observation of X-ray pulsar in different time interval was proposed. In consideration of the practical flying condition, visibility of X-ray pulsar with different detection range was analysed, and a single pulsar used for navigation was chosen from the detectable pulsars. The results of the simulations show that the navigation accuracy of this system is similar with that of traditional algorithm. The navigation error is 337 m. This algorithm can provide a possible method of the industrialization of X-ray pulsar-based navigation.