从网格到“东数西算” : 构建国家算力基础设施

简要回顾了几十年来计算机使用方式的变迁，介绍了基于网络计算技术的国家高性能计算基础设施CNGrid的设计与实现。讨论了在“东数西算”战略工程背景下中国算力发展的新趋势，以及国家算力基础设施发展面临的新的技术挑战，并对中国未来超算应用生态和算力基础设施建设提出了展望。 

From grid to "East-west Computing Transfer" : Constructing national computing infrastructure

This article gives a review of the evolution of computer use-mode over the time since the invention of modern computers and presents the challenges and tasks in building the national computing infrastructure. The first section of this article provides a brief overview of how computer use-mode has evolved over the past several decades. Then the design and implementation of China's national high performance computing infrastructure CNGrid are introduced. Following that, the trends and new technical challenges in developing the computing infrastructure under the circumstance of the national strategic project of "East-west Computing Transfer" are discussed. Finally, the perspectives of building the supercomputing eco-system and constructing the new type of computing infrastructure in China are presented.