星基ADS-B系统及关键技术发展综述

广播式自动相关监视(ADS-B)系统是国际民航组织在空管全球化的背景下提出的新一代监视技术。相较陆基系统，星基ADS-B系统能够实现全球空域覆盖，可增强现有空管系统能力，促进国家低空空域开放与通航产业发展。概述了星基ADS-B的由来、概念及运行原理；介绍了星基ADS-B系统国内外发展概况与发展历程；针对微弱信号解调、多波束接收、解交织、防欺骗、星座设计、路由转发算法及监视性能评估等星基ADS-B关键技术梳理了国内外相关研究现状，介绍了北京航空航天大学联合团队在星基ADS-B上的研究工作与发射试验星情况；结合未来星基空管技术发展与应用需求对星基ADS-B系统发展趋势进行总结与展望。 

A review of development of space-based ADS-B system and its key technologies

In the context of the globalization of air traffic control, the ICAO has proposed a new generation of surveillance technology called the automatic dependent broadcast surveillance (ADS-B) system. Compared with land-based systems, the space-based ADS-B system can achieve global airspace coverage, which can enhance the capabilities of the existing air traffic control system and promote the opening of national low-altitude airspace as well as the development of the general aviation industry. Firstly, the origin, concept, and operation principle of space-based ADS-B are introduced. Secondly, a brief overview and history of the domestic and international space-based ADS-B systems are provided. Then, the research status on the space-based ADS-B key technologies are sorted out by both domestic and international scholars, including weak signal demodulation, multi-beam reception, de-interleaving, anti-spoofing, and constellation design, routing algorithm, and surveillance performance evaluation. The research work and Beihang space-based ADS-B technology verification satellite of the Beihang University, is introduced. Finally, the development trend and outlooks of the space-based ADS-B system are summarized by combining the future development of space-based air traffic control technology and application needs.