昆虫飞行的高升力机理和能耗

昆虫的飞行机理可能为微型飞行器所借鉴,因而近来人们对其十分关注.在过去10年中,该领域的工作有了较大的进展.回顾了这10年中该领域的研究工作:首先,简述昆虫翅的拍动运动;其次,探讨拍动翅的非定常高升力机制;然后,讨论昆虫悬停和前飞时的能耗问题;最后,介绍最近关于具有两对翅膀的昆虫--蜻蜓飞行的研究结果.

Unsteady lift mechanisms and energetic in flying insects

Recently, the interest has been developed in small autonomous flying vehicles. There already exist such autonomous MAVs(micro-air vehicles) in nature: the insects. In the design of small flying machines, it is very helpful to understand first how these small animals fly. The achievements of the last ten years in the field of insect flight aerodynamics are reviewed. First, the kinematics of the flapping motion of insects is summarized. Next, issues related to the unsteady lift mechanisms of flapping wings of the fruit fly and similar insects are presented. Then the power requirements of hovering and forward flight are discussed. Finally, recent works on the insects that have two pairs of wings are discussed.