基于副气囊耦合的飞艇纵向运动影响分析

高空大型飞艇副气囊体积占比很大,甚至达90%以上,副气囊动力学对飞艇运动产生较大影响。对巡航高度为6 000 m的某大型飞艇,建立基于圆柱容器的副气囊动力学模型,进一步构建考虑副气囊的飞艇纵向耦合动力学方程,并对飞艇纵向运动进行了数值仿真,将其与不考虑副气囊时的结果进行对比。结果表明:副气囊对大型飞艇俯仰运动有较大影响,容易引起运动发散,且耦合影响随飞艇高度增大而变小,同时副气囊体积不变时,其直径越小,动力学耦合效应影响越小;副气囊效应会降低飞艇的操纵性,在进行飞艇设计时应该予以考虑。

Airship's longitudinal motion impact analysis based on coupling ballonet

Large high-altitude airship has a high volume ratio which even exceeds 90%, so it will induce significant impact on airship's motion because of the ballonets dynamics. Considering one large-scale airship whose cruise altitude is 6 000 m, ballonets dynamics based on the cylindrical container was established and airship longitudinal motion equations containing ballonets were further formulated. Finally, numerical simulation of airship longitudinal motion was performed and results were compared with that of airship model without ballonet dynamics. Results indicate that ballonets dynamics will make a difference to airship's pitch motion, easily inducing motion divergence and ballonets' coupling impacts reduce when the airship rises. In the meantime, the smaller the diameter of ballonets is, the smaller the dynamic coupling effect is when ballonets' volume is unchanged. In addition, the controllability of airship will be weakened because of ballonets, which should be taken into account during airship design.