火箭空中爆炸冲击波峰值超压预测方法

研究火箭空中爆炸冲击波参数预测方法对于乘员舱的安全评估具有重要意义。为了探究火箭空中爆炸时飞行高度对峰值超压的影响，获取冲击波参数快速预测方法，利用ANSYS/LS-DYNA有限元软件对火箭飞行至0~20 km高度爆炸进行了有限元仿真分析。结果表明，作用于乘员舱的冲击波峰值超压随飞行高度的增加而快速减小。火箭空中爆炸冲击波压强衰减系数与飞行高度之间的关系服从二次函数衰减。在此基础上，提出了考虑高度效应的火箭空中爆炸冲击波峰值超压预测公式，可为乘员舱的快速危害性评估以及防护研究提供一定参考。 

Prediction method of shock wave peak overpressure generated by air explosion of rocket

During the normal flight of rocket, propellant leakage may lead to explosion due to the failure of rocket structure or components. Once the explosion happens to the rocket, the crew module will be impacted by the shock wave, threatening the life safety of the astronauts. At present, there is little research on how rocket altitude affects shock waves. In order to explore the impact of flight height on peak overpressure of rocket during air explosion and obtain the rapid prediction method of shock wave parameters, ANSYS/LS-DYNA is used to carry out finite element simulation analysis of rocket explosion at different flight heights of 0-20 km. The results show that the peak overpressure of shock wave acting on the crew module decreases fast with the increase of flight height. The relation between pressure attenuation coefficient and flight height of air explosive shock wave follows the decreasing interval of quadratic function. On this basis, the formula of predicting the peak overpressure of the shock wave in the air explosion of rocket considering the height effect is put forward, which can provide some reference for the rapid hazard assessment and protection research of the crew module.