利用月面链路的月球车定位体制

提出一种利用月面月球车-着陆器UHF(Ultra High Frequency)近程通信链路的高精度测距、测角的新方法,实现月球车的精密定位.该体制采用直序扩频和CCSDS(Consultative Committee for Space Date Systems) Proximity-1协议实现月球车-着陆器之间的数据交互,利用双向异步传输帧非相干扩频测距方法实现精密测距,利用着陆器双天线形成短基线实现对月球车方位角的精密测量.讨论了用于测距的CCSDS Proximity-1协议帧结构、双向异步传输帧测距原理、方位角的载波相位差分干涉测量原理,以及建立月面着陆参考系并给出月球车精确定位的方法.研究表明,所提出的方法功能集成度高、信道资源利用率高、设备简单、性能指标满足月球探测二期月球车的月面定位、通信任务需求. 

Position of rover by UHF communication link on lunar surface

To position the rover on lunar precisely, a new approach for ranging and measureing angle at high accuracy was presented by utilzing the ultra high frequency(UHF) communication link between rover and lander. In the position system, direct-sequence spread spectrum(DSSS) and consultative committee for space data systems(CCSDS) proximity-1 protocol were introduced for full-duplex data communication, precisely ranging of non-coherent mode was realized by DSSS moduled asynchronous transfer frame, azimuth of lunar was determinated by means of short baseline formed by the dual-antenna on lander. The format of version-3 transfer frame for precisely ranging, the principle of dual one-way ranging(DOWR) and azimuth interfere measurement by carrier phase were discussed at details, then the landing reference on lunar surface was constructed, therefore the approach of lunar position was deduced finally. For the advantage of the method presented, such as intergrated communication &; position, more precise position, more efficient utilization rate of channel resources, lower power consumption, simply device structure, it is suitable for the task requirement of lunar rover exploration.