返回技术和返回式航天器的发展

按现已发射的航天器统计,返回式航天器占1/3强。它们在开发利用空间资源方面起着先锋和带头的作用,为促进载人航天和促进人类的进步作出重大贡献。文章分析了返回技术和返回式航天器发展的三个阶段:初期发展阶段、深入应用阶段、无损和定点返回阶段。并指出,今后相当的一段时期内无损定点着陆返回将会成为主要的发展途径。

DEVELOPMENT OF RETURN TECHNOLOGY AND RETURNABLE SPACECRAFT

According to stastics of spacecrafts launched, the number of returnable spacecrafts is more than 1/3 of the total of spacecrafts.The returnable spacecrafts play a role of pioneer and leading in development and utilization of space resources and make great contribution to manned space flight and human progress. The paper analyses in detail three phases of development of return technology and returnable spacecraft, which are preliminary development phase, application phase and nondamaged fixed-point return phase, and points out that it is the nondamaged fixed-point landing return that will become the main development approach in a quite long period in future.