太阳空间探测进展与展望

摘要：为了探索太阳空间探测活动的发展方向，在广泛调研太阳空间探测任务的基础上，综合考虑任务实施年代、轨道设计、探测要素、技术特点和成果影响力，选取了10个典型空间太阳探测器，对其科学目标、有效载荷、卫星平台特性和科学发现进行了分析，提炼总结了太阳空间探测的进展和发展趋势。总体而言，太阳探测器运行轨道逐步多样化，有效载荷探测要素更加丰富，探测精度、时空分辨率等显著提升，但仍存在大量问题待解决。在分析现阶段成果和待解决问题的基础上，提出了太阳空间探测的发展展望，指出了全方位、多要素探测是破解太阳物理和空间天气预报发展瓶颈的可行途径。

Progress and prospect of solar exploration in space

In order to explore the development direction of solar space exploration activities，ten typical probes were selected taking into account their implementation era，orbital design，exploration elements，technical characteristics and each mission′s result based on extensive research on solar probe missions.Scientific objectives，payloads，satellite platform characteristics and scientific achievements of the ten typical probes were analyzed.Solar space exploration progress and development trend were summarized.In general，the orbit of solar detectors has been gradually diversified，detection elements of payload have become more abundant，and the detection accuracy and resolution have been significantly improved.However，there are still a lot of problems to be solved.On the basis of analyzing the current achievements and pending problems，the development outlook of solar space exploration was proposed，pointing out that all round and multi element exploration is a feasible way to break the bottleneck of solar physics and space weather forecast.