星载InSAR辅星编队优化设计与分析

以“主星—辅星编队”InSAR系统干涉测高为应用背景,研究辅星编队的优化设计问题。首先,定义优化指标———“有效观测时间比”来描述全轨道周期观测性能,以共绕飞轨道、相位均匀分布的卫星编队(构形类似于CartWheel)作为研究的重点。选取描述编队卫星相对运动的振幅比和相位差作为寻优变量,通过仿真实例用搜索法得出了寻优变量与优化指标的三维关系图,并给出了优化构形的参数区域,得到了最优的编队卫星轨道根数。进一步研究了在主要摄动因素影响下卫星编队构形保持与轨道保持的燃料预算方法,并计算了上述优化构形一年的燃料预算。最后得出有益的结论,为全InSAR系统优化设计提供依据。

Optimal Design and Analysis of Concomitant Satellite Formation for Spaceborne InSAR

Height measuring by master satellite and concomitant satellite formation InSAR system being the background,the problem of the concomitant satellite formation configuration optimal design is studied.Firstly,the criterionof optimization is defined as maximumtime ratio of effectual observationwhich describes the measurement performance in a whole orbit period. Correspondingly the CartWheel-like satellite formations are focused on,in which satellites are in the same concomitant orbit around the virtualcenter with symmetrical distribution.The ratioof two amplitudes and the difference of two phases in relativemotion are served as variables of optimization.By a numerical simulation a figure is found out,which shows the relation between the criterion of optimization and the variables of optimization.The orbit elements of the satellites in the best configuration are provided. Then the method estimating fuel consumption for formation keeping and orbit maintaining is given and the necessaryfuel mass of the best configuration for a period one year is calculated.Last a beneficialconclusion is drawn,which will be of some help to the optimizationof whole InSAR system.