天基微小空间碎片探测研究

随着空间碎片数量的不断增多，天基微小空间碎片探测已经成为一个热点．首先介绍了空间碎片在低地球轨道上的分布情况以及它对于航天器的危害，然后介绍了国外微小碎片探测器的基本情况，并在这些探测结果的基础上提出了一个探测器方案．这种探测器的传感器采用了新型的压电材料聚偏二氟乙稀(PVDF)，使用了飞行时间法(TOF)准确测定空间碎片的飞行速度，以及快脉冲分析系统分析碎片的质量．

Research of Micro-Space-Debris Detection

The continuing growth of the orbital debris population is now recognized world-wide as an environmental issue which must be better defined and addressed now to preserve near-Earth space for future generation. The distribution of the space debris in the LEO and the threaten of debris to the spacecrafts are introduced. Over the last decades, a number of technologies have been developed by the scientists for detection and measurement of the physical, chemical, and dynamical characteristics of dust and debris including (1) impact-plasma detection utilizing thick and ultra-thin targets; (2) charge induction in wires; (3) impact-induced discharge in a Metal-Oxide-Silicon (MOS) capacitor. In this report, A new methods was introduced, which employed a Polarized PolyVinyliDene Fluoride (PVDF) polymer film and fast electronic pulse techniques. The detector is intended to provide direct observations of space debris and interplanetary dust in the space, returning time resolved impact data, with approximate mass and velocity information. The advantages of ruggedness, no bias requirement, ease of large area sensor construction, and space reliability inherent in the PVDF dust sensors are well suited for a variety of dust and debris studies in space. The output of the fast electronic pulse techniques are used to analyze the mass of debris. Two sensors are placed in a Time-Of-Flight (TOF) telescope, which is used to measure the speed of the debris.